Attitude is an internal state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual. Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.
The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas—all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.
Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.
Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can result from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them. And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification（修正）of attitudes.
小題1: According to the passage, attitudes _________.
A．come from different situations in one’s life
B．a(chǎn)re largely affected by one’s behavior
C．remain unchanged in one’s daily life
D．could be chosen according to one’s will
小題2:The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show _________.
A．people often make mistakes when they are not noticed
B．people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds
C．particulars of a situation may influence an individual’s action
D．a(chǎn)n individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes?
A．Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.
B．Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.
C．Copying others behavior is not a good idea.
D．Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Differences of Attitudes.
B．Nature of Attitude.
C．Choices of Attitudes.
D．Modification of Attitude.

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:B
略
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had ___36____ from just the two of us in a ___37____ into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just ___38___ our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you ___39___? Well, as Apple grew we ___40___ someone who I thought was very talented to ___41___ the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge (分歧) and ___42___ we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors ___43___with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. ___44___ had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating（毀滅性的）.
I really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to ___45___ for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to ___46___ on me - I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been ___47___, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.
I didn’t see it then, but it ___48___ that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the ___49___ of being a ___50____ again, less sure about everything. It freed me to ___51___ one of the most creative periods of my life.
I’m pretty sure __52___ of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was ___53___ tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Don’t lose ___54___. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t ___55___. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it.                                     
－By Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer
小題1:
A．grownB．begunC．removedD．kept
小題2:
A．bedroomB．farmC．garageD．kitchen
小題3:
A．a(chǎn)nnouncedB．declaredC．releasedD．coped
小題4:
A．managedB．startedC．installedD．entitled
小題5:
A．providedB．sortedC．promotedD．hired
小題6:
A．runB．involveC．openD．engage
小題7:
A．instantlyB．constantlyC．eventuallyD．frequently
小題8:
A．riskedB．supportedC．pleasedD．sided
小題9:
A．WhichB．WhatC．WhicheverD．Whatever
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)pologizeB．revealC．headD．stand
小題11:
A．implyB．putC．impressD．dawn
小題12:
A．resistedB．rejectedC．solvedD．interrupted
小題13:
A．made outB．come outC．turned outD．tried out
小題14:
A．darknessB．lightnessC．carelessnessD．business
小題15:
A．waiterB．pioneerC．beginnerD．visitor
小題16:
A．enterB．relieveC．previewD．expect
小題17:
A．somethingB．noneC．everythingD．a(chǎn)nything
小題18:
A．carefulB．a(chǎn)cceptableC．hopefulD．a(chǎn)wful
小題19:
A．courageB．patienceC．imaginationD．faith
小題20:
A．settleB．recallC．claimD．deny

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

“How did you do it, Dad ? How have you   21   not to take a drink for almost 20 years? ”It took me almost 20 years to have the  22  to even ask my father this very  23 question.
When Dad first 24  drinking, the whole family was on pins and needles  25  he got into a situation that, in the past, would have started him drinking again.For a few years we were  26  to bring it up for fear that the drinking would begin again.
“I had this little  27  that I would recite to myself  28  four to five times a day ” was Dad’s  29 to my 18-year-old unasked question.“The  30  were an instant relief and constant reminder to me that things were never so  31  that I could not handle them,”Dad said.And then he  32  the poem with me.The poem’s simple, yet profound (深?yuàn)W的) words  33  became part of my daily routine as well.
About a month after this talk with my father,I  34  a gift in the mail from a friend of mine. It was a book of affirmations (斷言) with one affirmation listed for each  35  of the year.
I 36  opened the book to the page of my birthday to see what words of wisdom this book had in store for me. 37  of disbelief and appreciation rolled down my face.There,on my birthday ,was the  38  poem that had helped my  39 for all these years! It is called The Sereniry Prayer.
God,give me the Serenity（平靜）to accept the things I cannot change,the Courage to  40  the things I can,and the Wisdom to know the difference.
小題1:
A．failedB．succeededC．managedD．tried
小題2:
A．courageB．a(chǎn)bilityC．wisdomD．confidence
小題3:
A．interestingB．personal C．hardD．unanswered
小題4:
A．startedB．enjoyedC．mindedD．stopped
小題5:
A．every timeB．a(chǎn)ll timeC．next timeD．last time
小題6:
A．a(chǎn)nxiousB．gladC．a(chǎn)fraidD．eager
小題7:
A．bookB．passageC．poemD．list
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)t leastB．a(chǎn)t mostC．a(chǎn)t firstD．a(chǎn)t last
小題9:
A．commentB．praiseC．contributionD．reply
小題10:
A．wordsB．phrasesC．lettersD．sentences
小題11:
A．strangeB．differentC．simpleD．tough
小題12:
A．sharedB．talkedC．readD．impressed
小題13:
A．surprisinglyB．immediatelyC．increasinglyD．regularly
小題14:
A．broughtB．boughtC．receivedD．a(chǎn)ccepted
小題15:
A．hourB．weekC．monthD．day
小題16:
A．easilyB．hurriedlyC．sadlyD．peacefully
小題17:
A．TearsB．SmilesC．SweatD．Satisfaction
小題18:
A．correctB．impossibleC．originalD．exact
小題19:
A．motherB．fatherC．friendD．classmate
小題20:
A．believeB．benefitC．changeD．do

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

A Love Note to My Mom
When I was a little girl，I would often accompany you as you modeled for fashion photographers. It was years later that I finally understood what role modeling__21__  in your life. Little did I know you were_22__  every penny you earned to go to__23__ school.
I cannot thank you enough for__24__ you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine. After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried__25__ piles of law books. I was  __26__.Why were you doing what I do—memorizing textbooks and studying for__27__？ When you said you were in law school, I was more puzzled. I didn’ t know Moms__28__be lawyers too. You smiled and said，“In life, you can do anything you want to do.”
As young as I was，that statement kept___29__ in my ears. I watched as you faced the___30_of completing your studies, starting companies with Dad, while still being a_31__ and a Mom of five kids. I was exhausted  just watching you__32__.With your words of wisdom in my__33__mind, I suddenly felt unlimited freedom to dream. My whole world__34__.I set out to live my life filled with__35__，seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.
Your words became my motto. I__36__found myself in the unique position of being either the first (woman doctor in Maryland Rotary) __37__one of the few women (chief medical reporters) in my field. I gained strength every time I said, “Yes, I’ ll try that.”
Encouraged by your__38___， I have forged ahead (毅然前行) with my life’ s journey, less afraid to make mistakes, and__39__meeting each challenge. You did it, and now I’ m__40__ it. Sorry, got to run. So much to do, so many dreams to live.
小題1:
A．foundB．playedC．keptD．provided
小題2:
A．savingB．makingC．donatingD．receiving
小題3:
A．businessB．fashion　C．lawD．medical
小題4:
A．whatB．that C．whichD．where
小題5:
A．a(chǎn)tB．toC．uponD．under
小題6:
A．a(chǎn)musedB．worriedC．puzzledD．disappointed
小題7:
A．rolesB．testsC．positionsD．shows
小題8:
A．mustB．ought toC．needD．could
小題9:
A．ringingB．blowingC．fallingD．beating
小題10:
A．choicesB．chancesC．challengesD．changes
小題11:
A．professorB．doctorC．reporterD．model
小題12:
A．in dangerB．in action C．in troubleD．in charge
小題13:
A．weakB．powerful C．youthfulD．empty
小題14:
A．came backB．closed downC．went byD．opened up
小題15:
A．hopeB．hardship C．harmonyD．sadness
小題16:
A．constantlyB．shortlyC．hardlyD．nearly
小題17:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．butC．orD．for
小題18:
A．descriptionB．statementC．praiseD．introduction
小題19:
A．secretlyB．curiouslyC．carelesslyD．eagerly
小題20:
A．doingB．consideringC．correctingD．reading

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I moved to this area seven years ago. For years I have had noisy neighbours. Ever since I moved into this flat, I’ve had to put up with noise during the night. I decided I’d had enough and I’ve been looking for a new flat since the beginning of the year. I haven’t found anything till now. Every week I go to the estate agent’s（當(dāng)?shù)胤康禺a(chǎn)代理人的）office, but it’s the same story. “I might have something by the end of the week” he says, or, “Wait till next week. I think I might have a few flats by then.” I’ve seen a few flats during my search, but I don’t like any of them. One flat I saw has been empty for two years. “It’s got a busy road on one side and a railway on the other!” I said loudly, “I want peace and quiet.” Last week I visited the agent again. “I won’t leave till you show me something,” I said. “I’ve got just the flat for you.” I went to see it and I was frightened. “But it’s next to a cemetery!” I cried. “But you won’t have noisy neighbours,” my agent said. “It’s exactly right for peace and quiet!”
小題1:The writer has had to bear the noise in this area for             years.
A．a(chǎn)bout sevenB．sixC．nineD．four
小題2:The writer decided to move away because            .
A．he had been looking for a new flatB．his neighbours were not friendly
C．he could no longer stand the noiseD．he wanted to sell his old flat
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．The writer would like a quiet place to live in.
B．The agent didn’t want to help the writer at all.
C．The writer has seen several flats already.
D．It seemed rather difficult to rind a fight flat.
小題4:The main idea of the passage is         .
A．how the agent tried to help the writer find a flat
B．why the writer was satisfied with the agent’s service
C．how difficult it was to find a new flat
D．you can depend on the estate agents for a nice flat

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Kevin is a boy who might be described as “slow”. He didn’t learn his ABCs as fast as other kids. But Kevin was__1__with people, for his bright smile and big heart won him plenty of friends.
My friend Randy decided they needed a__2__team for boys.Kevin__3__up and practiced hard. But he simply shot baskets. Or more correctly, he threw the ball at the basket. He had a __4__spot near the free throw line(罰球線). He threw and threw, and it __5__went in.
The team did well but they never won a game that season except the night when it snowed and the opposing team never__6__. At the end of the__7__lot(簽)of playing against the best team.
Game day arrived. The game went as__8__.Near the end of the last quarter, Kevin’s team stood nearly 30 points behind. It was then that one of the boys called timeout. ”Coach Randy, ” he said, ”this is our__9__game and Kevin has never made a basket. I think we should let him make a basket.”
The team agreed. Kevin wan __10__to stand at his special place near the free throw line and wait. When the ball was__11__to him, he shot and missed. A moment later, Kevin got the ball again, but shot and missed again.
Slowly the other team seemed to__12__what was going on. Both teams circled the boy by their time and all the other players were shouting, “Kevin! Kevin!” Soon everyone in the __13__　joined in.
Kevin attempted again and again, and one of his shots took a crazy bounce on the basket. Everyone held their__14__.The ball dropped in. Nobody remained __15__. Everyone stood and cheered as if one boy had won a world champion.
That day, an undefeated team kept their perfect record. But everybody won because everybody had participated in a crazy conspiracy(密謀)  of kindness.
小題1:
A．patientB．familiarC．popularD．careful
小題2: 
A．basketball　B．footballC．swimmingD．climbing
小題3: 
A．gotB．signedC．wentD．set
小題4:
A．strangeB．specialC．wrongD．safe
小題5:
A．randomlyB．a(chǎn)utomaticallyC．possiblyD．occasionally
小題6:
A．showed upB．took upC．started offD．gave in
小題7:
A．favoriteB．difficultC．unfortunateD．important
小題8:
A．reportedB．designedC．a(chǎn)rrangedD．expected
小題9:
A．firstB．lastC．excellentD．poor
小題10:
A．forbiddenB．wishedC．trainedD．instructed
小題11:
A．passedB．kickedC．carriedD．shot
小題12:
A．give upB．bring aboutC．figure outD．believe in
小題13:
A．schoolB．gymC．townD．team
小題14:
A．handsB．breathC．placesD．ground
小題15:
A．seatedB．excitedC．a(chǎn)mazedD．puzzled

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

There was a terrible rainstorm unexpectedly. The rain caused the streets 36 and the subway system almost came to a stop.
Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were 37 to go home. Some struggled to __38  a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the ___39_ bravely, walking miles to get to work.
I  40 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most _41_had stopped. After making my way __42__ crowds of people. I finally found a subway line that was __43_. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to __44 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the  45 .So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train __46 my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I got to my office, I was _47_ through, exhausted and 48.
My co-workers and I spend most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer __49_I received an email from Garth, my Director:
I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and 50 reported to work. It is always relaxing, at times like these, when employees so clearly show their 51 to their jobs. Thank you.
Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that  52  message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of __53 can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic __54_ had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately __55__ me and put a smile back on my face.
小題1:
A．breakB．floodC．sinkD．crash
小題2:
A．forcedB．refusedC．a(chǎn)djustedD．gathered
小題3:
A．orderB．payC．callD．search
小題4:
A．climateB．sceneryC．stormD．burden
小題5:
A．usedB．promisedC．deservedD．happened
小題6:
A．practiceB．routineC．processD．service
小題7:
A．toB．throughC．overD．for
小題8:
A．operatingB．cyclingC．turningD．rushing
小題9:
A．checkB．carryC．findD．board
小題10:
A．streetB．groundC．floorD．platform
小題11:
A．pausedB．crossedC．reachedD．parked
小題12:
A．wetB．weakC．sickD．hurt
小題13:
A．a(chǎn)shamedB．discouragedC．surprisedD．puzzled
小題14: A, while                      B. when         C.where   D.after
小題15:
A．hardlyB．casuallyC．a(chǎn)bsolutelyD．eventually
小題16:
A．devotionB．donationC．connectionD．reaction
小題17:
A．a(chǎn)ccurateB．urgentC．briefD．humorous
小題18:
A．promiseB．a(chǎn)ppreciationC．a(chǎn)dviceD．guidance
小題19:
A．troublesB．signalsC．rulesD．signs
小題20:
A．correctedB．supportedC．a(chǎn)mazedD．refreshed

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized(把…歸類) as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings.
Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.
Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky(卑鄙的) excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.
Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?
In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate(演示) that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.  Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility(高尚).
There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.
小題1:According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our_______.
A．self-respect B．financial rewardsC．a(chǎn)dvertising abilityD．friendly relationship
小題2:The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to_______.
A．lyingB．stealingC．cheatingD．a(chǎn)dvertising
小題3:The underlined phrase "bringing the error to the clerk's attention" means_______.
A．telling the truth to the clerkB．offering advice to the clerk
C．a(chǎn)sking the clerk to be more attentiveD．reminding the clerk of the charged item
小題4:How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?
A．We'll be very excited.B．We'll feel unfortunate.
C．We'll have a sense of honor.D．We'll feel sorry for the clerk.
小題5:Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A．How to Live TruthfullyB．Importance of Peacefulness
C．Ways of Gaining Self-respectD．Happiness through Honorable Actions

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most people who experience bad service while traveling, shopping, or dining out do no complain. They accept bad services or products without making a sound. Why? Many feel complaining won’t do any good. In fact, they’re wrong, because companies don’t want their customers unhappy. Not sure you can do it? Here are some ways to use when things go wrong.
1.If you have a complaint, do something about it right away. The longer you wait, the harder it will be to get your complaint solved.
2.First, complain to the servers. If they are not going to solve your problem, then ask politely to speak to a manager. And if that doesn’t work, you can always request to speak to the manager’s manager!
3.Demand a discount(折扣). Let’s say you were promised a hotel room with an ocean view, but got a view of a brick wall instead; if you were promised a seat in the front of a plane, but got a seat in the back. You should do something about both of these situations. Ask a special discount.
4.Don’t be passive. Offer ways you think the company can satisfy you.
5.Insist on the price you were told. If you are refused, get a manager’s name and telephone number, and promise to follow up with a letter and a telephone call.
6.If all else fails, wait until you get home and take action. Call the company’s head office, and speak to the most powerful person possible. Then follow up your call with a letter of complaint. If necessary, call the customer protection office in your city and complain.
小題1:
According to the text, people don’t complain because________.
A．they think complaining doesn’t work
B．they consider it wrong to complain
C．they don’t want to waste their time
D．they don’t want to become unpopular
小題2:
To complain about something, you should________.
A．wait until you come back home
B．prepare for a long time
C．talk to the manager directly
D．try to solve the problem actively
小題3:
What might be the best title for the text?
A．Get what you should get
B．Complain as you please
C．Take action to deal with problems
D．Avoid trouble and don’t complain

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案