We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.
Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed — no examination is perfect — but to have no tests or examination would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in schools or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency， the values and the purpose of each teacher.
Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them — a form of favoritism will replace equality at the moment. The bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lack of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.
The opponents（反對者） of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.
【小題1】The word “favoritism” in paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that         .

A．bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs.
B．poor children with certificates are favoured in job markets.
C．children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs.
D．children attending ordinary schools achieve great success.
【小題2】What would happen if examinations were taken away according to the author?
A．Schools for bright children would lose their reputation.
B．There would be more opportunities and excellence.
C．Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.
D．Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation.
【小題3】The opponents of the examination system will agree that           .
A．jobs should not be assigned by systematic se lection
B．computers should be selected to take over many jobs.
C．special classes are necessary to keep the school standards
D．schools with academic subjects should be done aw ay with
【小題4】The passage mainly focuses on            .
A．schools and certificatesB．examination and equality
C．opportunity and employmentD．standards and reputation


【小題1】C
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：文章介紹了兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)，一種認(rèn)為考試是公平的，可以讓不一樣的人通過考試接受平等的考驗，而有人不同意，認(rèn)為就是考試創(chuàng)造不平等。
【小題1】C 推斷題。由employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them 可知，C項“從好的大學(xué)畢業(yè)的孩子有好的工作”正確。故選C。
【小題2】D 文章理解題。由文章第三段前4行Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them — a form of favouritism will replace equality at the moment. The bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lack of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school可知，如果考試取消，工作的機(jī)會會被學(xué)校名聲影響。故選D。
【小題3】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。由all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection.可知考試系統(tǒng)的反對者可能會同意工作不應(yīng)該被系統(tǒng)選擇決定.A正確。
【小題4】B 文章理解題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it. 本文主要是關(guān)于“考試與公平”的話題。故選B。
考點(diǎn)：考查教育類短文

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Hilary Smith belonged to a good family. But by the age of twenty, he had spent all the money the good old family had. He then had some trouble with the bank and was put in prison. He escaped from the prison and ran to Australia without delay.
Hilary did not like Australia and Australia did not like Hilary. What he could do seemed to be one of two things: die or work. The thought of neither of these gave him any pleasure. Then he remembered that he was not alone in the world. He possessed an aunt.
She was his father’s only sister, but his father used to say she brought no glory to the family. Hilary, of course, tried to discover what she had done. It seemed that she had failed to marry a nobleman. Instead, she had chosen a husband who was connected with trade. Of course as soon as she became “Mrs Parks”, her brother considered her dead. Later on, Mr. Parks died and left her a lot of money; but that did not bring her back to life in her brother’s opinion.
Hilary discovered his aunt’s address. Fortunately she remained faithful and honest to him even after she fell ill. So Hilary’s star shone again. When he was feeling honest, he could talk attractively. He frequently visited his aunt’s house; and soon he was living comfortably in the building which the profits of trade had provided.
One thing was soon clear: his aunt was seriously ill, and nothing could cure her illness. Hilary was very worried. Fate had found a home for him, and was now going to throw him out of it. There was only one thing that could save him: her will.
“Will?” she said, “yes, I have made one. That was when I was a girl and had not much money. I left all my money to some religious people.”
“Didn’t you make another will when you were married?” Hilary asked.
His aunt shook her head. “No,” she said in a low voice, “There was no need. When I finally had a lot of money I found I had no relations.”
On the next day he went to the public library and examined a book of law. It told him what he already believed. When a woman is married, an earlier will loses its value. A new will must be made. If no new will is made, the money goes to the nearest relation. Hilary knew that he was his aunt’s only relation. His future was safe.
After a few months had passed, Hilary’s problems became serious. He badly needed money. He had expensive tastes, and owed a lot of money to shopkeepers. They trusted him because his aunt was rich; but the debt was terrible.
Unfortunately his aunt did not want to discuss money matters at all. In the end they had a quarrel about the small amount of ten pounds. Hilary was now very angry. He began to wonder about a new problem. Was it kind to want his aunt to live any longer? Was it not better for her to die now? While he was considering what to do, his aunt told him that she was going to send for her lawyer. So she was going to make a new will. Hilary thought she might leave all her money to someone else. Soon he reached a clear decision．He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman.
One night when the old servant who had been nursing his aunt went off, he doubled the amount of some medicine. The total amount was too great and it could just put her to sleep forever.
“Thank you,” his aunt took the glass from his hand with a grateful look. “I want, more than anything, to sleep, and never to wake up again. Is that what you wish, Hilary? I have given you your chance. Don’t blame me if I have some doubts about what you intended to do. Sick people get these ideas, you know. One thing I ought to explain to you. Mr. Parks never married me. He already had a wife and couldn’t marry again. That made your foolish father very angry with me… Well, if I am alive tomorrow I shall make another will in your favor. If I die tonight, you’ll get nothing… No, Hilary, don’t try to take the glass away. If you do that, I shall know; and I don’t want to know. Good night, Hilary.”
Then, very carefully, she raised the glass to her mouth and drank.
【小題1】From the story, we learn that Hilary’s aunt was ______.

A．bad-tempered and lonelyB．kind-hearted and wise
C．careless about moneyD．cruel to her nephew
【小題2】Why did Hilary’s father consider his aunt dead?
A．Because they lost contact with each other after her marriage.
B．Because she married a businessman.
C．Because she broke away from the family for a better life.
D．Because he thought she was a shame to the family.
【小題3】The underlined sentence “He must do a great kindness to the poor old woman” in Paragraph 11 suggests that Hilary Smith ______.
A．was determined to put his aunt’s life to an end
B．decided to do his aunt a favor to call in a lawyer
C．made up his mind to take good care of his aunt
D．would help his aunt to donate all her money to religious people
【小題4】Which of the following is the focus of the story?
A．Hilary’s aunt’s money.B．Hilary Smith’s debts.
C．The intended murder.D．Hilary’s aunt’s marriage.
【小題5】Which part of what Hilary’s aunt said finally might make Hilary frustrated?
A．She wanted to sleep and never to wake up again.
B．She never got married to Mr. Parks.
C．Mr. Parks had a wife.
D．She would make a new will tomorrow.
【小題6】Which detail from the story is the climax（高潮）of the story?
A．Hilary escaped from the prison.
B．Hilary quarreled with his aunt about ten pounds.
C．Hilary’s aunt drank the medicine her nephew prepared for her.
D．Hilary’s aunt made a will to leave all her money to someone else.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table. I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked,“So, how have you been?”And the boy who could not have been more than seven or eight years old replied,“Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”
This incident stuck in my mind because it strengthened my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were“depressed”until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike any more. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why?
Human development is based not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new situation. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been fixed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practised. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
【小題1】Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world _________ .

A．through touch with society
B．gradually and under guidance
C．naturally and by biological instinct
D．through exposure to social information
【小題2】In the author’s opinion, the phenomenon that today’s children seem adultlike is caused by _____.
A．the widespread influence of television
B．the poor arrangement of teaching content
C．the fast step of human intellectual development
D．the constantly rising standard of living
【小題3】 Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
A．It enables children to gain more social information.
B．It develops children’s interest in reading and writing.
C．It helps children to memorize and practise more.
D．It can control what children are to learn.
【小題4】What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
A．He feels amused by the children’s adultlike behavior.
B．He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.
C．He considers it a positive development.
D．He seems to be upset about it.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

One of India’s top engineering schools has restricted Internet access in its boarding houses, saying addiction to surfing, gaming and blogging was affecting students' performance, making them lonely and even suicidal.
Authorities at the best Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Mumbai said students had stopped socializing and many were late for morning classes or slept through them. “Now, a student doesn’t even know who lives two doors away from him because he is so busy on the Internet,” said Prakash Gopalan, dean of student affairs. “The old dormitory culture of companionship and socializing among students is gone. This is not healthy in our opinion.”
IIT-Mumbai, with about 5,000 students, is one of seven IITs across India which are considered to be among the finest engineering schools in the world. They are also a talent pool for global technology giants. But their hard courses, tough competition and lonely campus lifestyle have taken an effect on students. Depressive and dysfunctional(不正常的) lifestyles are known to be common among IIT students, and at least nine have committed suicide in the past five years. Students have unlimited free Internet access in their boarding houses to help them in their studies, but many also use it to surf, chat, download movies and music, blog and for gaming.
Starting Monday, Internet access will be banned between 11 p.m. and 12.30 p.m. at IIT-Mumbai’s 13 boarding buildings to encourage students to sleep early and to try and force them out of their “shells”, Gopalan said. But the move has not gone down well with students who say they hate their lives being regulated. “Now they will say we need to listen to a lullaby(搖籃曲) to go to sleep,” said Rajiv, an electronics student.
【小題1】 What measure has been taken in IIT- Mumbai?

A．Students have unlimited free Internet access in their dormitories.
B．Students are forbidden to surf the Internet.
C．Internet access is unavailable in deep night.
D．Students must go to bed before 11 p.m.
【小題2】 In the passage the students are told to _____.
A．sleep through their lessons
B．break away from the Internet
C．go to sleep along with music
D．stop surfing, make friends
【小題3】 We may infer from the last paragraph that _____.
A．the banning order causes some complaints among the students
B．a(chǎn)ll electronics students hate the banning order
C．more students prefer listening to music to surf- ing the Internet
D．there is no Internet access on the IIT campus even

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning，they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves.Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them.It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”．
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes.They differ in kind and function.The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read.Teaching is also public activity.It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language.Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind，and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable，what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索)for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions.“Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful，enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are，and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately，then much of the pressure and feeling of failure both is eliminated.Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
【小題1】The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.

A．it is one of the most difficult school courses
B．students spend endless hours in reading
C．reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D．too much time is spent in teaching about reading
【小題2】The teaching of reading will be successful if________.
A．teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B．teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C．teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D．teachers can make their teaching activities observable
【小題3】The underlined word “scrutiny” most probably means “________”．
A．inquiry B．observation C．control D．suspicion

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Kids undergo a large amount of pressure and stress during their school exams, which can often become quite overwhelming (to much) for them. It may be the first experience of stress, at this level, they have ever experienced and therefore quite frightening. Yes, you may say that it's all a part of growing up and therefore good lessons for them to learn, and to an extent I agree with you. However, it’s important to learn how to prepare for life’s challenges so that they aren’t overwhelming or scary and so that we are able to manage them the best we can.
Here are some tips you can use during your kids exam time.
Break their revision plan down into small parts. Doing this will help transform what once seemed like a huge impossible task into a more manageable one.
Help them arrange properly so that the subjects they like the least (perhaps ones that require more time and effort) are worked on first; once they are out of the way, it will help reduce the worry.
Plan week on week to make sure they are on track. Ticking items of a list each week will help them to feel good about themselves and their progress.
Create rewards for all the ticks - a favourite TV programme, a delicious snack, an hour’s surfing the Internet, computer games or whatever it was that they enjoy the most. This will encourage them to carry on and make them feel good.
Think of strategies on how to deal with exams calmly so their anxieties don't get the better of them.
Talk about times in their lives when they had been successful at something and look at the qualities they used to get them there - determination, persistence, hard work, patience, positivity, dedication - discuss how they can apply these skills to their exams.
Acknowledge that if they do their best that is good enough.
Ensure they realize that this period in their lives will pass and that exams are only a temporary time in their lives; nothing can and does last forever.
Ensure they keep their eye on the prize: enjoying their long summer holiday when the exams are finished; giving them something to look forward to will help to motivate them and provide a positive end in sight.
【小題1】According to paragraph 1, it’s important to learn how to prepare for exams because___.

A．it is a part of growing up.
B．It is the first experience of stress
C．it helps kid release stress and do better.
D．it is important to get a good mark in exams.
【小題2】Which subjects should be worked on first?
A．Their best ones. B．Their favourite ones.
C．the easiest ones D．the most difficult ones
【小題3】According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A．Kid should become aware of the importance of exams.
B．Kids should learn to deal with exam pressure independently.
C．Parents should keep their kids away from entertainment.
D．Parents should care about the psychological development of children.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.
Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.
Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first –year lectures—which are open to students from all departments were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.
“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He said.
University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector(部門), which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.
A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.
Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said, “It’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn(衰退) will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”
【小題1】Professor John Beath’s lectures are ___________.

A．given in a traditional way
B．connected with the present situation
C．open to both students and their parents
D．warmly received by economics
【小題2】In the opinion of most parents, ___________.
A．economics should be the focus of school teaching
B．more students should be admitted to universities
C．the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened
D．children should solve financial problems themselves
【小題3】What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Universities have received more applications.
B．Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.
C．College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.
D．Parents are concerned with children’s subject selection.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Read a lot, I mean a lot! You have to increase your ability for reading. Many students are in the habit of reading only when their exams are approaching while some others read only what they are taught or things that must be read because it is in their curriculum. But listen to me now, I am telling you from my own experience that it is a very bad habit and it is not enough to improve your intelligence.
You have to learn and get ready to become versatile in your reading. The fact that you are studying medicine in school does not mean that you should not know one or two things on politics.
Many people have complained to me that they find it hard to read stuffs like novels but I just shake my head in pity for them because it is obvious they have failed to realize the truth in that wise saying by Margaret Fuller that “today a READER, tomorrow a LEADER!”
When you read, you get to “see” so many places and it will be as if you have visited those places in real life. This is because reading will improve your imagination and creativity and understanding. You also get experience from learning about how people dealt with their various problems thereby saving you from going through the pains and difficulties they must have gone through!
Reading will also help you in improving your vocabulary because you will certainly start coming across so many new words which you will try as much as possible to get accustomed to with the help of the dictionary! The good thing about increasing your vocabulary is that it will also improve your thinking ability. After all, we think in words and the more words you know, the easier it will become for you to express yourself or your thoughts.
And when you read, make sure you read so wide because the more you read, the more you know and the more you know the more intelligent you can become.
【小題1】According to the author, what should students do in terms of reading?

A．They needn’t read unless the exams come.
B．They should read books about intelligence.
C．They must read about politics when their major is medicine.
D．They should read as wide as possible.
【小題2】The underlined word “versatile” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A．interested B．many-sided C．content D．confident
【小題3】What is the best title for the passage?
A．Increase your ability for reading
B．Read wide and improve your vocabulary
C．Reading improves your intelligence
D．Reading makes you a leader tomorrow
【小題4】What is the benefit of knowing more words?
A．You will get used to referring to the dictionary when meeting with new words.
B．You will have less difficulty expressing your opinions.
C．Vocabulary will improve your creativity.
D．You can pass your exams with ease.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

“Today we had a discussion in class about heroes,” said Ayesha to her father. “The teacher asked us to name our favorite heroes.”
“What did you say?” asked her father curiously.
“I said Kareena Kapoor,” said Ayesha proudly.
“Why do you like Kareena?” asked her father.
“She is so pretty, Daddy!” shouted Ayesha. “So I want to look like her!”
“But how do you plan to do that?”
“I don’t know, but I want to look like her.”
“When I see you, I see a very pretty girl. You may not be Kareena, but you are just as fine as Ayesha,” said her father seriously. “Adopting（挑選）film actors as our heroes and heroines（女偶像）is part of being young, but in the process don’t put yourself down,” he added. “But if you are trying so hard to be Kareena, you will stop being Ayesha.” Ayesha began to look interested. Her father added, “Each of us is unique, We have come down to the earth to develop our own beautiful gifts. You are such a fine singer, for example. Can you see how this might be your own wonderful gift to the world? Focus on being yourself, child, and you will achieve great things in life.
“OK, Dad,” she said. “I love the way Kareena looks but I am now going to focus on being the best Ayesha I can be.”
“That’s my girl,” said her father, giving her a big hug.
【小題1】Kareena Kapoor is most probably a ______.

A．popular writer B．famous actress
C．school teacher D．pretty singer
【小題2】Which of the following words can best describe Ayesha’s father?”
A．Reasonable B．Humorous C．Impatient D．Generous
【小題3】We know from the passage that _______.
A．Ayesha’s teacher liked watching films very much
B．Kareena Kapoor became famous for her courage
C．Ayesha changed her wrong attitude to Kareena in the end
D．Ayesha followed her father’s advice and determined to be herself

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案