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The name sounds funny but the idea is no joke: it’s a personal toilet called the pee-pool, Anders Wilhelmson, a Swedish architect, is the inventor of the pee-pool.

He became interested in the idea of sanitation(衛(wèi)生設施) after taking part in a research project on the social and political development of cities, One of the most common problems he found in developing countries was the lack of toilets, He wanted to do something to help, So working with others, he started the project in 2005, and the next year started a company called Peepoolple.

The toilet is a single—use bag made of environmentally friendly plastics, The inside is treated with urea （尿素）, a chemical commonly used as fertilizer, The hotter the weather, the more quickly the waste turns into what is needed by plants The sanitation process can be as soon as a couple of hours or as long as two to four weeks ,You can just bury it in a pot and grow whatever you like.

The company expects to start selling the bags in August in Kenya and Bangladesh, But it is just beginning production and sales in Nairobi now , Full production could reach about half a million bags a day and people may be able to buy the pee-pool in countries Vietnam, Bangladesh, etc.

The United Nations says more than two and a half billion people around the world do not have good sanitation ,Many have no choice but to use the outdoors, which is not only bad for the environment ,but also harmful to people’s health, Each year, poor sanitation leads to three fifths of those people getting an infectious disease which on average causes one out of 1,000 patients to die.

Jack Smith ,the founder of the World Toilet Organization ,says “This is quite an unacceptable situation given the fact that we are living in the modem world , And strangely, many of them own televisions ,phones but have no toilet.”

51、What was the original purpose of Anders Wilhelmson in starting the company?

A、To protect the local environment

B、To earn a lot of money from the project

C、To do research on the social development

D、To help solve the problem of lack of toilets in developing countries

52、What can be learned about the pee-pool from the passage?

A、It can be used over  again

B、Its sanitation process doesn’t last long

C、It works better in summer than in winter

D、It should be buried in a pot after being used

53、In which place can people buy the Pee-pool now?

A、Nairobi                  B、Vietnam                 C、Sweden                 D、Bangladesh

54、The fifth paragraph is written mainly to tell us that        

A、poor sanitation may cause many problems

B、many people don’t care for the environment

C、many people get ill from using the outdoors

D、quite a number of people died from poor sanitation

55、The underlined word“This ”in the last paragraph probably refers to         

A、the outdoors being damaged

B、many places being shout of toilets

C、many people having TVs and phones

D、many people getting an infection disease

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科目：高中英語 來源：101網校同步練習　高一英語　外語教學與研究出版社 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of“Shenzhou V”,or“Divine ship/vessel V”．There are also lexicographers, or dictionary compilers．The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit．

　　One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts．It’s a combination of the Chinese pinyin“taikong”, meaning space, and the English“astronaut”, from classical Greek：“star sailor/navigator”, for people who was going into space as a career．

　　In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut”was used as a proper noun．For example：

　　The long March 2F rocket carrying“taikonaut”Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later．

　　A Long March 2F rocket called the Shemhou V－“divine ship”in Chinese－carried a single“taikonaut”named Yang Liwei, 38, following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961．

　　The word“taikonaut”is not a newly coined term．It first emerged in November, 1999, when China launched its first unmanned“Shenzhou I”spacecraft．

　　At that lime, some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word“taikonaut”for the Chinese astronauts．It was then borrowed by the Germans media．

　　But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries, such as the Merriam-Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English Learner’s Dictionary．

　　However, the launch of the“Shenzhou V”will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry．

　　An astronaut of Russian(or the former Soviet Union)is called a“cosmonaut”, from the Russian“kosmonaut”．The word was derived from classical Greek：“kosmonaut”(universal)and“nautes”．One might argue that“cosmonaut”is a Russian variation on the earlier word“astronaut”．

　　On March 14,1995, US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle, arguably making him the first American cosmonaut．

　　And if this trend of coinage continues, more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space, what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa?We’ll have to wait to see．

(1)

Which of the following best suits the passage as a title?

[　　]

A．

Why to Create the Word“Astronaut”?

B．

Why to Make a Lot of Variations for“Taikonaut”?

C．

How to Tell a“Taikonaut”from an Astronaut?

D．

How to Call Astronauts from Different Countries?

(2)

Which is the right statement in the following sentence?

[　　]

A．

The word“taikonaut”was born with the launch of“Shenzhou V”spacecraft．

B．

Yang Liwei, Yuri Gagarin and Alan Shepard are all excellent taikonauts．

C．

The American newspapers such as Reuters coined the word“taikonaut”．

D．

Some new words have widely been put into use with the launch of the“Shenzhou V”spacecraft．

(3)

From the writer’s point of view, ________．

[　　]

A．

lexicographers or dictionary compilers have also done a lot of things to help launch“Shenzhou V”

B．

the American astronaut Norman Thagard is not a cosmonaut

C．

the words coined or to be coined for astronauts of different countries usually have something to do with the name(s)of their countries

D．

the reason why there will be more variations for the word astronauts is that more and more countries will be able to send their own astronauts into space

(4)

What does the underlined word“coinage”mean in the passage?

[　　]

A．

System of coins in use．

B．

Invention of word．

C．

New meaning of a word．

D．

Discovery of an old word．

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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年江蘇省如皋中學高二10月階段練習英語試題（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

For the past two years, 8－year－old Harli Jordean from Stoke Newington, London, has been selling marbles(彈珠)．His successful marble company, Marble King, sells all things marble-related—from affordable tubs of the glass playthings to significantly expensive items like Duke of York solitaire（獨粒寶石）tables—sourced, purchased and processed by the mini－CEO himself.
“I like having my own company. I like being the boss,” Harli told The Mirror.
With profits now in the thousands, “the world's youngest CEO” has had to get his mother and older brothers to help him meet the growing demand.
Harli launched Marble King after swapping（交換）marbles at school led to schoolchildren depleting(削減) his marble collection. Yes, he literally（確切地）“l(fā)ost his marbles.” Harli and his mother, Tina, turned to the Internet to find replacements.
Harli saw an empty space online: the marbles he wanted were hard to find. Within months, Harli had his own marble－selling website and orders started pouring in.
Tina says her son's obsession(迷戀) with marbles started when he was just 6.
“His obsession became so big we started calling him the Marble King, so when he wanted to set up a website it was the natural name for it，” she told The Sun.
“I never thought it would become so popular—we are struggling to cope with the number of orders at times.”
The 8－year－old boy has his sights set on expanding his business and launching his own brand of marbles.
“Sometimes his ideas are so grand we have to scale them back a bit. But his dream is still to own Britain's biggest marble shop and open stores around the world.” Tina told The Daily Mail.
“At the minute he is annoying me by asking about creating his won Marble King marbles, so that could well be the next step for him.”
【小題1】Why did Harli's marble company become popular as soon as he launched it?

A．Because it was run by “the world's youngest CEO”．
B．Because it filled the gaps of marble business.
C．Because Harli was fascinated with marble collection.
D．Because his mother and brothers helped him a lot.
【小題2】How many mass media are mentioned in the passage?
A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.
【小題3】Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined expression “scale back”？
A．make smallerB．carry outC．turn downD．frighten away
【小題4】What message do the last two paragraphs carry?
A．Conflicts often occur between Harli Jordean and his family.
B．Harli's mother and brothers are worried about Marble King's future.
C．Marble King marbles will be more popular with marble fans around the world.
D．The “Marble King” has great ambitions for his Marble King Company.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年江西省白鷺洲中學高一下學期第二次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Centerville High School Essay Contest  “Write All About It”
Calling All Aspiring Authors—Centerville High School Essay Contest
◇Rules
1．Students are asked to present essays of 500 to 700 words of their own work. Any essay containing material plagiarized(剽竊) from another source will be disqualified（取消資格）.
2．Manuscripts should be typed double－spaced，with the student's name，address，and grade level on a separate sheet of paper.
3．Essays must be turned in by 4∶00 p.m. on November 30.They can be brought to Mrs. Elton in Rom 104 or to Mr. Markham in the school library.
◇Essay－Writing Tips
1．Catch your readers' interests—Your opening should immediately pull your readers into your essay. Asking a question or starting with an story，quotation，or surprising statement is a good way to do this.
2．Create a picture—Use active words that show your readers what is happening. Instead of telling your readers vaguely that “the room was disordered”，paint a picture using active verbs and lively adjectives.
3．Have a purpose—Well－written essays do more than just describe an incident or express a viewpoint，and they also communicate a message.
4．Check for mistakes—Read your paper over to check for mistakes. Ask another student to read your paper and make suggestions. Another pair of eyes will often spot a mistake you've overlooked.
5．Format your essay—Neatly type your essay on white paper. Choose an attractive cover for submission. The computer lab will be open after school from 3∶15 to 4∶45 p．m. each day this month so that students can use the computers.
◇Prizes
Winning essays will be published in the Centerville Times. Every contestant(選手)will also receive a free pass to enter one school activity or athletic game this year.
First Prize：　　　$150
Second Prize:    Dictionary and thesaurus
Third Prize:     Pen set and journal
Special thanks to the Centerville Writers' Association for the prizes to help encourage our aspiring authors. Good luck to all contestants.
【小題1】The first writing tip given is mostly about________.

A．the use of quotations and stories in an essay
B．using active verbs and lively adjectives
C．how a student should begin an essay
D．how to submit your essays
【小題2】Information in the passage suggests that________.
A．the essay contest has been carefully planned
B．the students of the school are all athletic lovers
C．most essay contestants have published their work previously
D．Mr. Markham is an English teacher at Centerville High School
【小題3】The prize section of the poster is included in order to________.
A．show organizations how to donate prizes
B．inform teachers of the prizes available
C．persuade students to enter the essay contest
D．convince students to buy the local newspaper
【小題4】Thanks are given to the Centerville Writers' Association because it has________.
A．offered to judge the contest
B．prepared the essay－writing tips
C．organized the essay contest
D．donated prizes for the contest
【小題5】What do we know by inference from the passage?
A．The computer lab usually closes at 4∶15 p.m. each day.
B．Winning essays will be published in the Centerville Times.
C．Every contestant will benefit from the essay contest.
D．The essay contest is held annually at Centerville High School.

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科目：高中英語 來源：安徽省靈璧一中2010屆高三下學期第三次模擬考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解


Rules
Students are asked to submit essays of 500 to 700 words of their own work. Any essay containing material plagiarized(剽竊) from another source will be disqualified.
Manuscripts should be typed double-spaced, with the student’s name, address, and grade level on a separate sheet of paper.
Essays must be turned in by 4:00 p.m. on November 30. They can be brought to Mrs. Elton in Room 104 or to Mr. Markham in the school library.
Essay-Writing Tips
Catch your readers’ interests--- Your opening should immediately pull your readers into your essay. Asking a question or starting with an anecdote, quotation, or surprising statement is a good way to do this.
Create a picture--- Use active words that show your readers what is happening. Instead of telling your readers vaguely that “the room was disordered”, paint a picture using active verbs and lively adjectives.
Have a purpose--- Well-written essays do more than just describe an incident or express a viewpoint, and they also communicate a message.
Check for mistakes--- Read your paper over to check for mistakes. Ask another student to read your paper and make suggestions. Another pair of eyes will often spot a mistake you’ve overlooked.
Format your essay--- Neatly type your essay on white paper. Choose an attractive cover for submission. The computer lab will be open after school from 3:15 to 4:45 p.m. each day this month so that students can use the computers.
Prizes
Winning essays will be published in the Centerville Times. Every contestant (選手) will also receive a free pass to enter one school activity or athletic game this year.
First Prize:            $150
Second Prize:         Dictionary and thesaurus
Third Prize:           Pen set and journal
Special thanks to the Centerville Writers’ Association for the prizes to help encourage our aspiring authors. Good luck to all contestants.
1. The first writing tip given is mostly about________.
A. the use of quotations and anecdotes in an essay
B. using active verbs and lively adjectives
C. How a student should begin an essay
D. how to submit your essays
2. The prize section of the poster is included in order to _________.
A. show organizations how to donate prizes
B. inform teachers of the prizes available
C. persuade students to enter the essay contest
D. convince students to buy the local newspapers
3. Thanks are given to the Centerville Writers Association because it has_________.
A. offered to judge the contest       B. prepared the essay-writing tips
C. organized the essay contest        D. donated prizes for the contest
4. What do we know by inference from the passage?
A. The computer lab usually closes at 4:15 p.m. each day.
B. Winning essays will be published in the Centerville Times.
C. Every contestant will benefit from the essay contest.
D. The essay contest is held annually at Centerville High School.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

It's not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of "ShenzhouV", or "Divine ship/ vessel V". There are also lexicographers(字典編纂者 ), or dictionary compilers.The flight of the spacecraft recently might help put .some new words into orbit.

     One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts. It is a combination of the Chinese pinyin "taikong", meaning space, and the English "astronaut", from classical Greek: "star sailor/navigator", for people who was going into space as a career.In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15, "taikonaut" was used as a proper noun. Forexample:

    The long March 2F rocket carrying "taikonaut" Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over theGobi desert at 9 a.m. and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.

    A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—"divine ship" in Chinese --carried a single"taikonaut" named Yang Liwei, 38, following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.

    The word "taikonaut" is not a newly coined term. It first emerged in November, 1999, when Chinalaunched its first unmanned "Shenzhou 1" spacecraft.

    At that time, .some English news media predicted(推測) that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word "taikonaut" for the Chinese astronauts. It was then borrowed by the German media.

    But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries, such as the Merriam-Webster Dictionary andCambridge Advanced English Learner's Dictionary.

    However, the launch of the "Shenzhou V" will most likely help boost its status since there isalready a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.

     An astronaut of Russian(or the former Soviet Union) is called a "cosmonaut", from the Russian"kosmonaut". The word was derived from classical Greek. "kosmonaut" (universal) and "nautes". One might argue that "cosmonaut" is a Russian variation on the earlier word astronaut .

     On March 14, 1995, US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into spaceon-board, a Russian launch vehicle, arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.

     And if this trend of coinage continues, more English variations for astronaut will appear as morecountries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space, what would Western journalists callan astronaut from India or Africa? We' 11 have to wait to see.

1. Which of the following best suits the passage as a title?

A. Why to Create the Word "Astronaut"?

B. Why to Make a Lot of Variations for "Taikonaut"?

C. How to Tell a “Taikonaut “ from an Astronaut?

D. How to Call Astronauts from Different Countries?

2. Which is the right statement in the following sentence?

A. The word "taikonaut" was born with the launch of "Shenzhou V" spacecraft.

B. Yang Liwei, Yuri Gagarin and Alan Shepard are all excellent taikonauts.

C. The American newspapers such as Reuters coined the word "taikonaut".

D. Some new words have widely been put into use with the launch of the "Shenzhou V"

spacecraft.

3  From the writer's point of view', __________ .

A. lexicographers or dictionary compilers have aim done a lot of things to help launch Shenzhou V"

B. the American astronaut Norman Thagard is not a cosmonaut

C. the words coined or to be coined for astronauts of different countries usually have something to do with the name(s) of their countries

D. the reason why there will be more variations for the word astronauts is that more and more countries will be able to send their own astronauts into space

4. What does the underlined word "coinage" mean in the passage?

A. System of coins in use.                  B. Invention of word.

C. New meaning of a word.                 D. Discovery of an old word.

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