I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction(區(qū)別)and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.

Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍縱即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.

The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.

Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.

Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.

1.When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” in the writing process, he means                .

A. one cannot use them at the same time             B. they cannot be regarded as equally important

C. they are in constant conflict with each other        D. no one can be both creative and critical

2.What prevents people from writing on is                .

A. putting their ideas in raw form                  B. ignoring grammatical soundness

C. attempting to edit as they write                     D. trying to capture fleeting thoughts

3.What is the chief objective of the first stage of writing?

A. To organize one’s thoughts logically.            B. To get one’s ideas down.

C. To choose an appropriate topic.                  D. To collect raw materials.

4.One common concern of writers about “free writing” is that                .

A. it overstresses the role of the creative mind        B. it does not help them to think clearly

C. it may bring about too much criticism                D. it takes too much time to edit afterwards

5.In what way does the critical mind help the writer in the writing process?

A. It allows him to sit on the side and observe.        B. It helps him to come up with new ideas.

C. It saves the writing time available to him.          D. It improves his writing into better shape.

 

【答案】

 

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.D

【解析】略

 

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面對(duì)話，并根據(jù)各題所給首字母的提示，在答題卡上標(biāo)有題號(hào)的橫線上，寫出一個(gè)英語單詞的完整、正確形式，使對(duì)話通順。

W: Hi, Fred．Where have you been?

M: I’ve been to the l____76____ and borrowed some English books．    76．        

What’s wrong?

W: I t___77 ___ you’d been to the post office．                       77．        

       Did you notice the money I left on the desk?

M: Yes, $10 altogether．But I didn’t know what it was f___78____．      78．        

W: Didn’t you see the note I left you with the money?

M: Note? What note? I didn’t see any note．

W: R___79___? That’s very strange．I left the money with a note  79．        

       saying I wanted you to go to the post office and get some

       e___80___ and stamps for me．I also put the ink bottle on           80．        

       them in case they might not draw your a___81____．         81．        

M: I see now．Why can’t you go and get them y__82___?        82．        

       The post office is only about 30 minutes’ walk from here．

       We often walk there after supper．

W: Of course I know how far it is from school．I can’t go there myself because

       I’m very busy doing some chemistry e___83___ in the lab．        83．        

       And what’s more, I have to p___84___ for my English exam．      84．        

       You know I f__85__ the last one．If I can’t pass this time,         85．        

       a hard time will be waiting for me．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

A friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present．On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office，a street urchin was walking around the shining car．“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked．

Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised．“You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn't cost you anything？Boy，I wish…” He hesitated．

Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for．He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.

“I wish,” the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car？”

“Oh yes，I'd love that．”

After a short ride，the boy turned and with his eyes shining，said，“Paul，would you mind driving in front of my house？”

Paul smiled a little．He thought he knew what the boy wanted．He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are？” the boy asked．

He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.

“There he is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't cost him a cent. And some day I'm going to give you one just like it…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I've been trying to tell you about.”

Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.

注：urchin 頑童    hesitate 猶豫       crippled 殘疾    cent 美分

The street urchin was very surprised when ________．

   A．Paul received an expensive car

   B．Paul told him about the car

   C．he saw the shining car

   D．he was walking around the car

From the story we can see the urchin ________．

   A．wished to give his brother a car

   B．wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car

   C．wished he could have a brother like Paul's

   D．wished Paul could be a brother like that

The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________．

   A．to show his neighbors the big car

   B．to show he had a rich friend

   C．to let his brother ride in the car

   D．to tell his brother about his wish

We can infer（推斷）from the story that ________．

   A．Paul couldn't understand the urchin

   B．the urchin had a deep love for his brother

   C．the urchin wished to have a rich brother

   D．the urchin's wish came true in the end

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆四川省資陽市高三第一次診斷性考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：填空題

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
M: What have you been doing recently, Cathy?
W: I’ve been chatting online with friends. What about you?
M:   【小題1】 
W: Why not?
M: Well, my computer is really old, so most software doesn’t work well with my computer.
W:   【小題2】 
M: How long does it take to download mp3 files?
W: Not very long at all.
M:   【小題3】 
W: Sure, I download at least one program a day.
M: Do you think you could download some for me?
W:   【小題4】 
M: Let me see…. Oh, a show called Friends.
W: No problem. Did you know that there are many Friends’ forums (論壇) online?
M: What’s a forum?
W:   【小題5】 

A．I’ve never chatted online before.
B．Sure, just tell me what you want.
C．I like chatting online very much, too.
D．It’s free to download TV programs or movies.
E. Do you ever download any TV programs or movies?
F. Come over to mine and I can show you how to use it.
G. It’s a place where you can chat to other people who have similar interests as you.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年浙江杭州高級(jí)中學(xué)高三第三次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Pete Richards was the loneliest man in town on the day that little Jean Grace opened the door of his shop.

         Pete's grandfather had owned the shop until his death. Then the shop became Pete's. The front window was full of beautiful old things: jewelry of a hundred years ago, gold and silver boxes, carved figures from China and Japan and other nations.

         On this winter afternoon, a child stood there, her face close to the window. With large and serious eyes, she studied each piece in the window. Then, looking pleased, she stepped back from the window and went into the shop. Pete himself stood behind the counter. His eyes were cold as he looked at the small girl. “Please,” she began, “would you let me look at the pretty string of blue beads in the window?” Pete took the string of blue beads from the window. The beads were beautiful against his hand as he held the necklace up for her to see.

         “They are just right,” said the child as though she were alone with the beads. “Will you wrap them up in pretty paper for me, please? I've been looking for a really wonderful Christmas present for my sister.”

         “How much money do you have?” asked Pete.

         She put a handful of pennies on the counter. “This is all I have,” she explained simply. “I've been saving the money for my sister's present.”

         Pete looked at her, his eyes thoughtful. Then he carefully closed his hand over the price mark on the necklace so that she could not see it. How could he tell her the price? The happy look in her big blue eyes struck him like the pain of an old wound.

         “Just a minute,” he said and went to the back of the shop. “What's your name?” he called out. He was very busy about something.

         “Jean Grace,” answered the child.

         When Pete returned to the front of the shop, he held a package in his hand. It was wrapped in pretty Christmas paper.

         “There you are,” he said. “Don't lose it on the way home.”

         She smiled happily at him as she ran out of the door. Through the window he watched her go. He felt more alone than ever.

         Something about Jean Grace and her string of beads had made him feel once more the pain of his old grief. The child's hair was as yellow as the sunlight; her eyes were as blue as the sea. Once upon a time, Pete had loved a girl with hair of that same yellow and with eyes just as blue. And the necklace of blue stones had been meant for her.

         But one rainy night, a car had gone off the road and struck the girl. After she died, Pete felt that he had nothing left in the world except his grief. The blue eyes of Jean Grace brought him out of that world of self-pity and made him remember again all that he had lost. The pain of remembering was so great that Pete wanted to run away from the happy Christmas shoppers who came to look at his beautiful old things during the next ten days.

         When the last shopper had gone, late on Christmas Eve, the door opened and a young woman came in. Pete could not understand it, but he felt that he had seen her before. Her hair was sunlight yellow and her eyes were sea-blue. Without speaking, she put on the counter a package wrapped in pretty Christmas paper. When Pete opened the package, the string of blue beads lay again before him.

         “Did this come from your shop?” she asked.

         Pete looked at her with eyes no longer cold. “Yes, it did,” he said.

         “Are the stones real?”

         “Yes. They aren't the best turquoise(綠松石), but they are real.”

         “Can you remember to whom you sold them?”

         “She was a small girl. Her name was Jean. She wanted them for her sister's Christmas present.”

         “How much were they?”

         “I can't tell you that,” he said. “The seller never tells anyone else what a buyer pays.”

         “But Jean has never had more than a few pennies. How could she pay for them?”

         “She paid the biggest price one can ever pay,” he said.

         For a moment there was no sound in the little shop. Then somewhere in the city, church bells began to ring. It was midnight and the beginning of another Christmas Day.

         “But why did you do it?” the girl asked.

         Pete put the package into her hands.

         “There is no one else to whom I can give a Christmas present,” he said. “It is already Christmas morning. Will you let me take you to your home? I would like to wish you a Merry Christmas at your door.”

         And so, to the sound of many bells, Pete Richards and a girl whose name he had not yet learned walked out into the hope and happiness of a new Christmas Day.

1.When Pete saw Jean Grace, he was ______.

A. very enthusiastic, hoping for some business to be done

B. cold but he still served the young customer

C. cold, unwilling to serve the young customer

D. very warm to the young customer though he did not want to sell anything to her

2.Pete did not say the price of the necklace because ______.

A. the seller never tells anyone else what a buyer pays

B. he priced the necklace too high

C. he knew it would disappoint the girl

D. he didn't want to sell the necklace

3.The eyes of Jean Grace brought Pete out of his world of self-pity and he ______.

A. tried to forget the memory of his sweetheart

B. began to look at the world optimistically

C. remembered his lost love

D. no longer felt the pain in him

4.A young woman came into the shop because ______.

A. she was afraid that there might be some mistake

B. she thought that the stones she had bought were not real

C. she was not sure if she could get more stones like those

D. she did not like what she had once bought

5.By saying “She paid the biggest price one can ever pay,” Pete meant that Jean Grace     .

A. gave the most money for the necklace

B. gave all she had with her for the necklace

C. appreciated the value of the necklace

D. wanted to have the best thing in the shop

6. At the end of the story we see that Pete _____.

A. found another girl that he could trust

B. met someone who truly loved him

C. found a place to go at last

D. regained his ability to love

 

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆江蘇鹽城阜寧縣陳集中學(xué)高一下期期末考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

After lunch,I walked back home. I was just to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin dropping. It wasn’t much but,as I turned, my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning too. A woman had dropped what appeared to be a dime.

The tinkling sound of a coin dropping on pavement is an attention-getter．It Can be nothing more than a penny．Whatever the coin is，no one ignores the sound of it．It got me thinking about sounds again．We are surrounded by so many sounds that attract the most attention．

People in New York City seldom turn to look when a fire engine，a police car or an ambulance comes screaming along the street．When I’m in New York，I’m a New Yorker．I don’t turn either．Like the natives，I hardly hear a siren(警報(bào))there．

However，at home in my little town in Connecticut，it’s different．The distant sound of a police car, all emergency vehicle or a fire siren brings me to my feet if I’m seated and brings me to the window if I’m in bed．It’s the quietest sounds that have most effect on us．not the loudest．In the middle of the night, I can hear a dripping tap a hundred yards away thigh three closed doors．I’ve been hearing little creaking noises and sounds which my imaginnation turns into footsteps in the middle of the night for twenty-five years in our house．How come I never hear those sounds in the daytime?

I’m quite clear in my mind what the good sounds are and what the bad sounds are,I’ve turned against whistling，for instance：I used to think of it as the mark of a happy worker but lately I’ve been associating the whistler with a nervous person making unconscious noises．The tapping，tapping，tapping of my typewriter as the keys hit the paper is a lovely sound to me．I often like the sound of what I write better than the looks of it．

1.The sound of a coin dropping makes people________

A．think of money    B．look at each other

C．pay attention to it    D．stop crossing the street

2.The author dislikes whistling because__________

A．he has got tired of it    B．it reminds him of tense people

C．he used to be happier D．he doesn’t like workers

3.What kind of sound does the author find pleasant?

A．Tapping sound of his typewriter．    B．Clinking sound of keys

C．Tinkling sound of a coin dropping．  D．Creaking sound of footsteps

4.How does the author feel about sounds in general?

A．They make him feel al home．      B．He thinks they should be ignored

C．He prefers silence to loud noises．   D．He believes they are part of our life

 

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案