Question

1．Our brains work in complex and strange ways．There are some people who can calculate the day of the week for any given date in 40，000 years，but who cannot add two plus two．Others can perform complex classical piano pieces after hearing them once，but they cannot read or write．
         Dr．J．Langdon Down first described this condition in 1887．He called these people idiot savants．An idiot savant is a person who has significant mental impairment （損傷），such as in autism or retardation．At the same time，the person also exhibits some extraordinary skills，which are unusual for most people．The skills of the savant may vary from being exceptionally gifted in music or in mathematics，or having a photographic memory．
         One of the first descriptions of a human who could calculate quickly was written in 1789 by Dr．Benjamin Rush，an American doctor．His patient，Thomas Fuller，was brought to Virginia as a slave in 1724．It took Thomas only 90 seconds to work out that a man who has lived 70 years，17 days，and 12 hours has lived 2，210，500，800 seconds．Despite this ability，he died in 1790 without ever learning to read or write．
         Another idiot savant slave became famous as a pianist in the 1860s．Blind Tom had a vocabulary of only 100 words，but he played 5，000 musical pieces beautifully．
         In the excellent movie Rain Man，made in 1988 and available on video cassette，Dustin Hoffman plays an idiot savant who amazes his brother played by Tom Cruise，with his ability to perform complex calculations very rapidly．
         Today we more clearly recognize that the idiot savant is special because of brain impairment．Yet not all brain impairment leads to savant skills．Some studies have shown that people who have purposeful interruption of the left side of the brain can develop idiot savant skills．However few people wish to participate in such experiments．There are many excellent reasons for not undergoing unnecessary experimentation on one's brain．The term idiot savant is outdated and inappropriate．Virtually all savants have a high degree of intelligence and are thus not idiots．
63．What does the passage mainly talk about？A
A．Idiot savants have areas of outstanding abilities．
B．Human Beings have complicated thinking process．
C．The brains of the idiot savants are partly impaired．
D．The reasons why people have wonderful skills vary．
64．Which of the following can be done by Rain Man？D
A．He can play wonderful pieces of classical music．
B．He can guess out exactly the length of a man's life．
C．He can memorize the contents of the pictures fast．
D．He can count matches dropped on the floor quickly．
65．What can you infer from the passage？C
A．Idiot savants have real talents for art and math．
B．Dr．Down is the first person who found idiot savants．
C．Few people wish to risk becoming savants by brain operations．
D．Intentional left brain impairments will surely lead to idiot savants．
66．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？B

Answer 1

分析 本文為科普類說明文，文章首先提出了一個常見的現(xiàn)象：一些具有特殊才能者低能者；在隨后的幾段中作者分別列舉事例，從最早1887年描述的案例到電影Rain Man中的idiot savant；最后作者分析了這種現(xiàn)象的原因：具有特殊才能者低能者往往是因為大腦受損；有研究表明，故意打斷左側(cè)大腦造就低能特才者；但是很少有人愿意參與這樣的實驗；畢竟所以的博學(xué)專家都不是低能者．

解答 63．答案是A．主旨大意題；本文圍繞idiot savant展開說明，并列舉具體的事例加以驗證；最后對這種現(xiàn)象的原諒進行分析，故選A．
64．答案是D．細節(jié)理解題；由倒數(shù)第二段中"with his ability to perform complex calculations very rapidly"可知，他有著快速進行復(fù)雜計算的能力；故選D．
65．答案是C．推斷題；由最后一段中"However few people wish to participate in such experiments．"可知，很少有人希望參與這樣的實驗，這里的such experiment指代上文的"have purposeful interruption of the left side of the brain can develop idiot savant skills故意打斷左側(cè)大腦造就低能特才者"，故選C．
66．答案是B．文章結(jié)構(gòu)理解題；本文第一段首先引出主題"Idiot savant"，分兩大部分分析：列舉具有特才的低能者；最后一段分析原因；故選B．

點評 閱讀要在整體理解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，在做細節(jié)題時根據(jù)題干定位細節(jié)，在語境中正確理解原句，然后對照選項做出合理的判斷；必要的時候要進行推理，透過句子表面看作者的真正意圖．如果是主旨大意的判斷要把握文章整體，避免以偏概全．