The earliest newspapers started in ancient Rome. They were handwritten news sheets. The first printed newspapers appeared in China during the Tang dynasty, which were printed from carved(雕刻的) wooden blocks. Modern papers first appeared in Venice, Italy in the middle of the 14th century. The newspapers of today, with advertising and a mixture of political, economic, and social news and comments, were started in Britain in the mid-18th century.
The main function of newspapers is to report news. Many newspapers also provide special information to readers, such as weather reports and television timetables. They also provide comments on politics, economics, arts and culture. Almost all newspapers depend on advertising to make money.
Nearly six out of ten adults in the United States and Canada read a newspaper every day. Seven out of ten read a paper each weekend. Readers search newspapers for de-tailed background information(背景資料)and analysis(分析). This is what television and radio news reports seldom offer. Newspapers tell readers what happened, and they also help readers understand what caused an event and how it will affect the world around them.
The workers at large newspaper companies work under a lot of pressure to bring news to readers as soon as possible. Reporters, photographers, artists, and editors collect articles in just a few hours. Page designers select articles, photos, advertisements, and eye-catching headlines to make the pages, and then rush their work to the printer. Printing workers may work overnight around printing presses to churn out more than 60,000 copies per hour.
【小題1】Which is the best title for the passage?
| A．Production of Newspapers | B．Functions of Newspapers |
| C．Publication of Newspapers | D．An Introduction to Newspapers |
| A．China | B．Ancient Rome | C．Italy | D．Britain |
| A．Most adults in America and Canada read newspapers every day. |
| B．The importance of newspapers in people’s lives. |
| C．Newspapers offer readers detailed information. |
| D．The effects of newspapers on readers. |
| A．newspapers will become less popular because of the development of TV |
| B．few newspapers have no advertising |
| C．many adults in America read newspapers every day |
| D．people can read about many different issues in newspapers |
| A．press | B．produce | C．publish | D．sell |
【小題1】D
【小題2】C
【小題3】B
【小題4】A
【小題5】B
解析試題分析：這篇文章講述了報紙的起源和發(fā)展，以及報紙的功能，表達(dá)了報紙在人們的生活中發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。
【小題1】主旨題，這篇文章主要給我們介紹了報紙的起源，發(fā)展及功能。故選D
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章Modern papers first appeared in Venice, Italy in the middle of the 14th century.可知，現(xiàn)代報紙首次出現(xiàn)在意大利，威尼斯。故選C
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第三段主要講了在美國和加拿大每天都有十分之六的人讀報紙，十分之七的人每周都要讀報紙，報紙給人們提供了很多事件的詳細(xì)信息和分析�？芍�，報紙在人們的生活中有著非常重要的作用。故選B
【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)題。這篇文章講了所有的報紙都包含廣告，在美國，十分之六的美國人每天都讀報紙，通過報紙，人們能了解很多不同的事情，文章并沒有說隨著電視的發(fā)展，報紙變得不受歡迎了。故選A
【小題5】推斷題。根據(jù)文章Printing workers may work overnight around printing presses to churn out more than 60,000 copies per hour.印刷工人在印刷機旁邊工作到深夜，要在每小時印刷出6萬多份的報紙�？芍�，churn out的意思是印刷，生產(chǎn)。故選B
考點：社會歷史類說明文
點評：本文文脈清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)很好把握。說明文是歷年高考很常見的文體，對于科技類的說明文比較難，而對于說物的文體較容易。本文中，把握好一個中心即報紙制作的歷史。同時，此類文章細(xì)節(jié)題居多，在對文章看懂了的基礎(chǔ)在仔細(xì)對比選項和文章，即可得出答案。
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People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.
About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.
The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.
By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.
These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.
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A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures
B. the painters were animal lovers
C. the painters wanted to show imagination
D. the pictures were thought to be helpful
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A. the former was easy to write
B. there were fewer signs in the former
C. the former was easy to pronounce
D. each sign stood for only one sound
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.
B. The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories.
C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.
D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.
In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ___________.
A. should be made comprehensible
B. should be made interesting
C. are of much use in our life
D. have disappeared from our life
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Language is always changing. In a society where life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change, either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar but a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth century gave names to all new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of new words were introduced into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life is changing very fast, and language is changing fast too.
There are several major language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divide them differently. The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think that they came from the same parent language About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages that are not in these major families.
1. The early language had ______.
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A．a(chǎn) lot of problems |
B．words and easy grammar |
|
C．words but no grammar |
D．grammar but not many words |
2.In the next few hundred years we can expect language to ______.
|
A．stay exactly the same |
B．change a great deal |
|
C．change only a little |
D．a(chǎn)dd more words and drop some grammar |
3.What this article shows is that ______.
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A．languages change fast |
B．languages really don’t want to change |
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C．language changes with changes of society |
D．Spanish and English change |
4. From this article we can see that ______.
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A．language can change very slowly or very quickly |
|
B．Though our life changes, our language won’t change. |
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C．we should give our plants new names |
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D．English and Spanish are the only languages that have changes |
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Zhoukoudian is a small village situated about 50 kilometers to the southwest of Beijing. In the 1920s, archaeologists discovered some prehistoric human bones there which changed people’s view of China’s history. They came from an unknown species of man and were the first evidence of human life in China thousands of years ago. The remains were three teeth!
In 1929, a complete skull was also discovered. Eventually, archaeologist found almost 200 items, including six skulls and more than 150 teeth. These discoveries proved the existence of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago. Four sites where Beijing Man and his relatives lived were discovered on the northern face of Longgushan. They lived in the caves in the area.
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46. Archaeologists _________________.
A. thought that Zhoukoudian was a beartiful village
B. thought that the findings in Zhoukoudian wouldn’t change the history of China
C. discovered some prehistoric human bounes in Zhoukoudian
D. thought that the findings in Zhoukoudian are the first evidence of human life in Asia
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A. light in the dark B. keep warm
C. make tools D. scare wild animals away
48. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The digging was delayed by the Japanese invasion in the 1930s.
B. These ancient Chinese were the first people to use fire in daily life.
C. Some valuable things excavated from the site are still missing.
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A. The digging of Zhoukoudian is still under way.
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C. Zhoukoudian is a World Heritage Site.
D. Zhoukoudian is in great need of protection.
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A,. the work of excavating the Beijing Man Site has not proceeded（進(jìn)行） smoothly
B. Beijing Man had a short life
C. Beijing Man lived in the caves of Longgushan
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