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閱讀理解。

As more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact,half of the 6,000—7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations—UNESCO and National Geographic among them—have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Center,Yale University,who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.His recently published book,A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,working,and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin,who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India,Nepal,Bhutan,and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials—including photographs,films,tape recordings,and field notes—which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now,through the two organizations that he has founded—the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project—Turin has started a campaign to make such documents,found in libraries and stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

1.Many scholars are making efforts to .

A.promote global languages

B.rescue disappearing languages

C.search for language communities

D.set up language research organizations

2.What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Having full records of the languages.

B.Writing books on language teaching.

C.Telling stories about language users.

D.Living with the native speakers.

3.What is Turin’s book based on?

A.The cultural studies in India.

B.The documents available at Yale.

C.His language research in Bhutan.

D.His personal experience in Nepal.

4.Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?

A.Write,sell and donate.

B.Record,repair and reward.

C.Collect,protect and reconnect.

D.Design,experiment and report.

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It’s true that apples can be very attractive. The apple is America’s favorite fruit, as shown in the phrase, "as American as Mom and apple pie".

After all, who ever says, "A banana a day keeps the doctor away" or "You’re the banana of my eye"? And who brings a banana to his or her teacher? Nobody.

1.What do we learn about the apple from the passage?

A. It has been popular worldwide since 8,500 years ago.

B. It has been a popular dessert for about 4,500 years.

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閱讀理解。

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B.Partly because of the cost for ships.

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D.Because engineers are against it.

5.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?

A.To introduce the history of the Panama Canal.

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閱讀理解.

A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage.They may be underdeveloped or underweight.They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence.Besides,these children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults.

The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition.Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons.

The study also connects malnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)to economic growth in poor countries.A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings.Many of these countries have same economic problems that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly.The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition.

Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition.The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food.The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa.Other parts of the world are also seriously affected,including Indonesia,Uzbekistan,Yemen,Guatemala and Peru.

The study recommends that developing countries change their ways to deal with malnutrition.Instead of directly providing food,the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies.It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care.

The World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between pregnancy(懷孕)and two years is very important.Governments should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.

1.Paragraph 3 mainly tells us .

A.malnutrition is the most serious problem in developing countries

B.the relationship between malnutrition and a nation’s economic growth

C.how to develop economics quickly

D.economy is developing slowly in developing countries

2.The underlined word “recommends” in the fifth paragraph probably means .

A.proves B.shows

C.suggests D.orders

3.What would be the BEST title for the passage?

A.Poor Nutrition in the Developing Countries

B.A New World Bank Report

C.Problems in Africa and South Asia

D.Care for Children

4.According to the World Bank report,which of the following is a way to deal with malnutrition?

A.Control the population growth.

B.Pay attention to the economic growth in developing countries.

C.Provide enough food directly to poor children.

D.Educate mothers with young babies in health and nutrition.

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Canada is one of the few nations in the world to have two official languages：English and French. There are 10 provinces in the country but only one of these—Quebec is known as "French Canada". This is because it was founded by French explorers while British adventurers discovered the rest.

Canada left the Britain in 1867 to become an independent country, and English and French have been recognized as the official languages ever since.

Most people speak English as their first language and the two national television networks broadcast in English throughout the country. Apart from in Quebec and a few places on the east coast, French television is very rare.

The same goes for traffic signs and menus, for example. Outside of Quebec, there are only a few places where you'll see traffic signs in French. In restaurants, it's almost impossible to find French on the menu unless you are in the heartland of French Canada. However, all products sold in Canada must, by law, have labels（標簽）and instructions in both languages.

In Canada's English speaking provinces, official bilingualism（雙語）means that students can choose to complete a special French language course. Under this programme, they are taught most of their subjects in French. If a student begins the course in kindergarten（幼兒園）or Grade One, it is likely that all their lessons will be in French. However, if they start at junior high school, 25 per cent of the teaching will continue to be in English.

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A. Ten B.Nine C.Eleven D.Two

2.Which country controlled Canada before its independence?

A. France. B. Britain. C. America. D. Germany.

3.Which of the following sentences is Right?

A. English is the only official language, though French is also spoken there.

B. The two national television networks broadcast both in English and French.

C. All products sold in Canada must be explained in both English and French.

D. In any restaurant in Canada, you can find French on the menu.

4.In Canada’s English speaking provinces, what does official bilingualism means?

A. Students have to complete a special French language course.

B. Under the programme, the students are mainly taught in English.

C. If a student begins a special French language course, in kindergarten or Grade one all his lessons may be in French.

D. When the students are at junior high school, they will only be taught in English.

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