17.PALO AITO,California-"Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter-even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise,"US researchers said last week.
A study of 192third and fourth grades,generally aged eight and nine,found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds(0.91kg) less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.
"The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity,"said Thomas Robinson,a pediatrician(兒科專家) at Stanford University.
"American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing games,and rates of childhood being very fat have doubled over the past 20years,"Robinson said.
In the study,presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies'annual meeting in San Francisco,the researchers persuaded about 100of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.
Children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continue their normal television viewing,even though neither group ate a special diet nor took part in any extra exercise.
"One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around and burning off calories,"Robinson said.
"Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television.Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more,"Robinson added.
51.The purpose of the first two paragraphs isD.
A.to report the time children spend watching TV
B.to show that more TV time leads to getting fatter
C.to tell us the best way to reduce weight
D.to introduce the background of the research
52.According to the passage,the time American children usually spend on watching TVA.
A.is more than four hours a day
B.is less than four hours a day
C.doubled in the last twenty years
D.is more than on any other activities
53.The time the 100children spend on TV every day is aboutC in the study.
A.a(chǎn) quarter of an hour
B.four hours
C.three hours
D.one hour
54.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?B
A.Weight increase owes to the result of a reduction in TV viewing.
B.The percentage of children getting fatter has doubled in the last 20years.
C.Children usually eat less while watching TV.
D.Children usually eat nothing while watching TV.
55.The main idea of the passage would beA.
A.less TV time helps reduce children's weight
B.fewer meals is a must in reducing children's weight
C.the less you eat,the thinner you will be
D.more exercise is of great benefit to reduce weight.
分析 文章是關(guān)于看電視和肥胖的關(guān)系,美國(guó)兒童看電視時(shí)間太長(zhǎng),文章建議減少孩子看電視的時(shí)間,并分析原因.
解答 51.D.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段第二行children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds(0.9kg) less.可知前兩段的目的是為了介紹本研究的背景;故選D.
52.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段第一行American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing video games可知美國(guó)孩子通;ㄔ诳措娨暽系臅r(shí)間超過(guò)四小時(shí);故選A.
53.C.推斷題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段最后一句reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third可知孩子們花在每天看電視的時(shí)間大約是三小時(shí);故選C.
54.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段and rates of childhood being very fat have doubled over the past 20years可知兒童越來(lái)越胖的比例已近20年中翻了一番;故選B.
55.A.主旨大意題.通讀全文,文章主要講了看電視和肥胖的關(guān)系,美國(guó)兒童看電視時(shí)間太長(zhǎng),文章建議減少孩子看電視的時(shí)間,故選A.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.