17．A Terrible Surprise at the Beach  
A fun-filled day at the beach turned into horror for Alex Sun and his four-year-old son，John．The two were happily playing at Discovery Bay's main beach when Mr．Sun saw something sticking out of the sand next to John's foot．He stopped his son just as the boy was about to step on a 3.5-cm-long needle．
"John was barefoot．Think about what might have happened if he had stepped on that needle，"said Mr．Sun．"It's a terrible thing to imagine．"The Suns'experience shows how serious the pollution problem on the beach is．
"Discovery Bay has always been one of my favorite beaches，"says Mr．Sun，"but now I'll think carefully before letting my child play here again．He will surely have to put on shoes in the future，and I won't take him into the water．This used to be such a beautiful place．The water was clean and blue with no pollution at all．Now there is garbage everywhere．If nothing is done，a family day at the beach could be a thing of the past．"
Stephen Chan，a member of a team that has been set up to study the pollution situation there，says，"Medical waste can never be controlled completely．We already know that it is not coming from government hospitals and clinics so we are checking to see if it is coming from private doctors．One of our problems is that there are no laws to help us deal with the people responsible for this pollution．"
"If there were stricter laws，people might think twice about throwing garbage into sea，"says Maggie Tang of Friends of the Earth．Mr．Chan，however，thinks that stricter laws alone will not solve the problem．"We cannot keep an eye on every inch of the coastline，"he says．"There will always be people who throw dangerous garbage．I believe it is mainly a matter of education．If people would accept responsibility for what they do with their garbage，we would be much closer to a solution．"
36．Which of the following pictures shows"a barefoot"？C

37．What does Mr．Sun think of the beach now？B
A．Unpopular
B．Unsafe
C．Deserted
D．Crowded．
38．According to Stephen Chan，what is the best way to solve the problem at the beach？D
A．Improve technology to get rid of garbage．
B．Hire cleaners to collect dangerous garbage．
C．Make laws that punish people polluting the environment．
D．Educate people the dangers of polluting the environment．

分析 本文講述了Mr．Sun一家去海邊玩耍，孩子差點(diǎn)被丟棄的針頭扎傷，作者呼吁要保護(hù)環(huán)境，不要隨意丟棄垃圾．

解答 36．答案 C 推理判斷題   根據(jù)第三段He will surely have to put on shoes in the future，可以推知，當(dāng)時肯定 是沒有穿鞋，所以barefoot的意思是"光腳，赤腳"，由圖可知答案，故答案為C
37．答案 B  推理判斷題  根據(jù)Now there is garbage everywhere．If nothing is done，a family day at the beach could be a thing of the past．"可知，現(xiàn)在海灘到處是垃圾，到處充滿了危險，故答案為B
38．答案 D  細(xì)節(jié)理解題   根據(jù)最后一段Mr．Chan，however，thinks that stricter laws alone will not solve the problem，"I believe it is mainly a matter of education．"可知，Mr．Chan認(rèn)為關(guān)鍵還是要靠教育，讓人們意思到污染環(huán)境的危險性，故答案為D

點(diǎn)評 本題主要考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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31．The fact that the reporter told us shows thatA．
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41．What does the word"they"in Paragraph 1probably refer to？A
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B．Opportunities and problems．
C．Creators and their choices．
D．Victims and their sufferings．
42．According to Paragraph 2，creatorsC．
A．seem willing to experience failures in life      
B．possess the ability to predict future life
C．handle ups and downs of life wisely           
D．have potential to create something new
43．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？B
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B．Creators and victims are masters of their lives．
C．Victims can influence more people than creators．
D．Compared with victims，creators are more emotional．
44．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4show thatA．
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B．people need family support to deal with challengers in life．
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D．one's experiences determine his attitude toward life．
45．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？D
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B．To evaluate victims against creators．
C．To explain the rlationship between victims and creators．
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21．A．directorB．editorC．reporterD．photographer
22．A．heardB．saidC．a(chǎn)greedD．knew
23．A．eventB．caseC．incidentD．story
24．A．sendB．holdC．placeD．get
25．A．thoughB．butC．howD．where
26．A．oilB．waterC．bottleD．milk
27．A．Instead ofB．In honor ofC．In spite ofD．In terms of
28．A．a(chǎn)dmiringB．encouragingC．praisingD．blaming
29．A．madeB．doneC．producedD．created
30．A．a(chǎn)lwaysB．hardlyC．constantlyD．ever
31．A．putB．takeC．cleanD．make
32．A．understoodB．hopedC．thoughtD．meant
33．A．whicheverB．wheneverC．whateverD．however
34．A．orderB．numberC．drawerD．cooker
35．A．interestingB．negativeC．delightfulD．failed
36．A．examineB．seeC．findD．know
37．A．a(chǎn)fraidB．shyC．satisfiedD．excited
38．A．chemicalB．physicalC．scientificD．biological
39．A．missB．soundC．helpD．work
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These experiments were conducted by psychological scientists，Nadia Chernyak and Tamar Kushnir of Cornell University．They found that sharing things with others when they are given a difficult choice leads children to think of themselves as people who like to share．It also makes them more likely to act in a pro-social （親社會的）manner in the future．
Previous research has explained why rewarding children for sharing can backfire．Children come to think of themselves as people who don't like to share since they had to be rewarded for doing so．Because they don't view themselves as"sharers"they are less likely to share in the future．
Chernyak and Kushnir were interested in finding out whether freely chosen sacrifice might have the opposite effect on kids'willingness to share．To test this，the researchers introduced five-year-old children to Doggie，a sad puppet．Some of the children were given a difficult choice：Share a precious sticker with Doggie，or keep it for themselves．Other children were given an easy choice between sharing and putting the sticker away，while children in a third group were required by the researcher to share．
Later on，all the children were introduced to Ellie，another sad puppet．They were given the option of how many stickers to share （up to three）．The kids who earlier made the difficult choice to help Doggie shared more stickers with Ellie．The children who were initially faced with an easy choice or who were required to give their sticker to Doggie，on the other hand，shared fewer stickers with Ellie．Therefore，children did not benefit from simply giving something up，but rather from willingly choosing to give something up of value．
"You might imagine that making difficult，costly choices is taxing for young children or even that once children share，they don't feel the need to do so again，"Chernyak says．"But this wasn't the case：once children made a difficult decision to give up something for someone else，they were more generous，not less，later on．"Chernyak concludes．
74．Dhelps children to share more in the future．
A．Rewarding children for sharing stickers
B．Requiring children to share their favorite toys
C．Allowing children to share what they don't need
D．Encouraging children to share precious things willingly
75．The underlined word"backfire"meansD．
A．serve as a push                  B．have an opposite effect
C．cause anger                      D．a(chǎn)void taking things back
76．Those who were required to share give fewer stickers to Ellie becauseA．
A．it's not their own choice           B．they regret what they did
C．Ellie is not as sad as Doggie        D．they like to share with a real person
77．We can conclude from the passage thatC
A．parents will never find a way to get children to share toys
B．a(chǎn) gift should be given to make up for children's sacrifice
C．making difficult choices may influence sharing behavior
D．children pretend to be generous when they are being observed．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

6．[1]Do you remember the title of the last book you read？Are names sometimes just beyond your brain's reach？While forgetfulness isn't necessarily a sign that something's wrong，it can be frustrating（令人沮喪的）．But simple methods can help to sharpen your memory．
[2]Challenge your habits．Sometimes a little bit of habit changing goes a long way．For example，use the‘wrong'hand to do an everyday task several times a day．If you usually brush your teeth with your right hand，use your left．The brain‘knows'whew you're using the wrong hand．It's that confusion that stimulates new brain circuits，as the brain struggles to master a new task．
[3]Get involved in niusic．Listening to music can improve your ability to concentrate and help you to remember what you've learnt．Some types of music actually cause brain neurons（神經(jīng)細(xì)胞）to fire more quickly．If you're really looking forward to sharpening your memory，take up a musical instrument．Whatever the instrument，learning to p1ay will tune your brain's ability to analyse and focus．
[41Go out of your way to stay mentally active．What really counts is not the amount of book learning you did at school or university，it's how much you actively use your mind．For example，doing crossword puzzles，learning a second language or playing games can exercise your brain．
[5]．Make sure that you get enough of the B vitamins in your diet．They help to repair brain tissue，and turn food into mental energy．Eat fish 2 or 3 times a week．If you drink coffee，you'll not only get a short-term boost in your ability to concentrate but also long-term benefits as well．Besides，the brain is 85%water，so if you don't drink at least 8 large glasses of water a day，you could suffer from memory loss．

66．What is this text mainly about？（no more than 5 words）Ways/How to sharpen your memory．/Methods of sharpening your memory． 
67．What are the two questions at the beginning used for？（no more than 4 words）
To introduce the topic．/For introducing the topic．
68．How can you get involved in music according to Paragraph 3？（no more than 10 wods）Listening to music and/or taking up a musical instrument．
69．List three ways to use our mind actively．（no more than 10 words）
1）Doing crossword puzzles
2）Learning a second language．
3）Playing games．
70．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words．（no more than 5 words）Watch/Pay attention to your diet．或Get your diet improved．或Have a healthy diet．．

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

7．It is，perhaps，no accident that many of the outstanding figures of the past were amazingly  versatile men．Right up until very recent times，it was possible for an intelligent person to be familiar with almost every branch of knowledge．Thus，men of genius like Leonardo da Cinci or Sir Philip Sidney，engaged in many careers at once as a matter of course．Da Vinci was so busy with his numerous inventions，that he hardly found the time to complete his paintings； Sidney，who died in battle when he was only thirty-two years old，was not only a great soldier，but a brilliant scholar and poet as well．Both these men came very near to fulfilling the Renaissance （文藝復(fù)興） ideal of the‘universal man'，the man who was expert at everything．
Today，we rarely，if ever，hear that a musician has just invented a new type of space rocket．Knowledge has become divided and subdivided into countless，narrowly-defined fields．The specialist is respected； the versatile person，far from being admired，is more often regarded with distrust．The modern world is a world of highly-skilled‘experts'who have had to devote the greater part of their lives to a very limited field of study in order to compete with their fellows．
With this high degree of specialization，the frontiers of knowledge are steadily being pushed back more rapidly than ever before．But this has not been achieved without considerable cost．The scientist，who outside his own particular subject is little more than a fool，is a modern phenomenon； as is the man of letters who is hardly aware of the rapid progress that has been made in technology．Similarly，specialization has indirectly affected quite ordinary people in every walk of life．Many activities which were once pursued （追求） for their own sakes，are often given up in despair：they require techniques，the experts tell us，which take a lifetime to master．Why learn to play the piano，when you can listen to the world's greatest pianists in your own drawing-room？
Little by little，we are becoming more and more separate from each other．It is almost impossible to talk to your neighbor about his job，even if he is engaged in roughly the same work as you are．The Royal Society in Britain includes among its members only the most admirable scientists in the country．Yet it is highly confusing to find that even here，as one of its fellows put it，at an academic（學(xué)術(shù)的） lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said!

57．The underlined expression"versatile men"refers toC．
A．highly-skilled specialists   B．brilliant scholars
C．talented people              D．a(chǎn)dmirable scientists
58．According to the passage，if da Vinci and Sydney lived in the modern world，D．
A．they would enjoy a better reputation
B．people would look up to them in amazement
C．they might have made greater achievements
D．they might not be truly appreciated by people
59．By quoting"at lecture only 10% of the members can understand 50% of what is being said"，the writer wants to show that the high-degree specializationD．
A．has made scientists unwilling to share their achievements
B．has widened the academic gap between scientists in the same field
C．has indirectly affected people in every walk of life
D．has brought about a significant increase in interpersonal distance
60．The writer of the passage takes aBattitude towards the high-degree specialization．
A．pessimistic  B．negative  C．supportive  D．friendly．

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