Question

Willi around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them arc still awake after the first IS minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pyjamas (睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.

All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting (警報(bào)) systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the "night owl" schedule of sleep.

This is opposed to the "early bird" schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as "night owls" and only 10 percent can be classified as "early birds" - the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.

1.What docs the author stress in Paragraph I?

A. Many students are absent from class.

B. Students are very tired on Monday mornings.

C. Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.

D. Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.

2.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?

A. Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.

B. Students don't sleep well because of alerting systems.

C. One's body clock governs the sleep/wake cycle independently.

D. Adolescents' delayed sleep/wake cycle isn't the preferred pattern.

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "classified"?

A. Criticised.                  B. Grouped.                 C. Organised.                D. Named.

4.What docs the text mainly talk about?

A. Functions of the body clock.                          

B. The "night owl" phenomenon.

C. Human beings' sleep behaviour.                      

D. The school schedule of "early birds".

 

Answer 1

1.C

2.D

3.B

4.B

【解析】

試題分析: 本文屬于說(shuō)明文范疇。在文中作者通過(guò)介紹一堂課中學(xué)生遲到和準(zhǔn)時(shí)到的情況，提出了學(xué)生不擅長(zhǎng)調(diào)整自己的生物鐘而去適應(yīng)白天的學(xué)業(yè)安排。然后在文中分析了目前青少年睡眠存在的問(wèn)題，提出了兩種不同的睡眠模式，即“early bird ”（早起型） 和“night owl”（夜貓子型），并主要介紹了晚上不困，白天困的“night owl” 現(xiàn)象。

1.考查主旨大意。在文章首段作者首先通過(guò)數(shù)字說(shuō)明許多學(xué)生早晨不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)起床的一種情況，然后用一句話Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.來(lái)解釋這種現(xiàn)象的原因，提出文章中心，然后圍繞此中心展開(kāi)行文，故答案選C。

2.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段Typically , the preferred sleep / wake cycle is delayed in adolescents …可知學(xué)生們對(duì)他們自己的睡眠模式不熟悉，沒(méi)有能夠恰當(dāng)?shù)厝フ{(diào)整適應(yīng)自己的生物鐘，因而造成了睡眠問(wèn)題，故答案選D。

3.考查詞義推斷。A批評(píng)；B分類(lèi)；C 組織；D命名。根據(jù)上文第三段末句This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the "night owl" schedule of和第四段首句This is opposed to the "early bird" schedule,可知睡眠模式有兩種，即”night owl” 和”early bird”，而此處把20%歸到night owls類(lèi)，由此判斷該詞意思為“分類(lèi)”，選B。

4.考查主旨要義。在文章開(kāi)頭介紹一堂課中學(xué)生的遲到和準(zhǔn)時(shí)到的情況，提出了學(xué)生不擅長(zhǎng)調(diào)整自己的生物鐘而去適應(yīng)白天的學(xué)業(yè)安排這一問(wèn)題。然后在下文對(duì)此現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析并介紹造成這種情況的原因，所以答案選B。A選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容“人體生物鐘的功能”，B選項(xiàng)“人體的睡眠行為”都比較片面，不能反應(yīng)文章中心；而D選項(xiàng)“早起者的時(shí)間安排”在文中沒(méi)有涉及。

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)生活類(lèi)短文閱讀。