Question

【題目】 Many people can't imagine life without dogs. 【1】. However, dogs and people are very different animals. To make the most of your relationship with your dog, you need to teach her some important skills. Here are three essential principles to keep in mind while teaching.

【2】.

One of the most frequent complaints of pet parents is that their dogs "just won't listen". But put yourself in your dog's shoes for a moment. If someone was constantly speaking in a foreign language how long would you pay attention? Probably not for very long because you simply couldn't understand what the foreign speaker was trying to communicate. Thus, you need to understand how.

If you like the behavior, reward it.

Some training methods use punishment, like scolding, to discourage dogs from doing everything except what you want them to do. 【3】. While both strategies can work, the latter is usually the more effective approach, and it's also much more enjoyable for you and your dog.

Control consequences effectively

As you teach your dog dos and don'ts, bear the following two guideline in mind;

Consequences must be immediate. Dogs live in the present. Unlike us, they can't make connections between events and experiences that are separated in time. For your dog to connect something she does with the consequences of that behavior, the consequences must be immediate 【4】, you have to catch her messing around in the kitchen and punish her on the spot.

【5】. When training your dog, you should respond the same way to things she does every time she does them. For example, if you sometimes touch your dog when she jumps up to greet you but sometimes yell at her instead, she'll definitely get confused. How can she know when it's okay to jump up and when it's not?

A.Consequences must be consistent

B.Understand how your dog learns

C.If you want to keep your dog safe

D.If you want to discourage your dog from doing something

E.We adore them for their loyalty, unconditional affection, and passion for life

F.Training your dog well will improve your life and hers, enhancing the bond

G.Other methods mainly focus on teaching dogs what you want them to do

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】G

【4】D

【5】A

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。為了充分利用你和你的狗的關(guān)系，你需要教她一些重要的技能。在教學(xué)中，作者認(rèn)為有三個(gè)基本原則需要牢記。

【1】

根據(jù)劃線前句提到“許多人無(wú)法想象沒(méi)有狗的生活”可知，E項(xiàng)“我們崇拜他們的忠誠(chéng)，無(wú)條件的愛(ài)和對(duì)生活的激情”中的“他們”指代前文提及的“狗”。前句和E項(xiàng)構(gòu)成補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。所以E項(xiàng)切題。故選E項(xiàng)。

【2】

根據(jù)劃線后整段“寵物父母最常抱怨的是他們的狗“就是不聽(tīng)”。但請(qǐng)先設(shè)身處地為你的狗想想。如果有人不停地說(shuō)外語(yǔ)，你能集中注意力多久?可能不會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，因?yàn)槟愀�本�?tīng)不懂對(duì)方在說(shuō)什么。因此，您需要了解如何做到這一點(diǎn)”可知，這段在講如何做到讓狗知道你在說(shuō)什么。所以B 項(xiàng)“了解你的狗是如何學(xué)習(xí)的”可以統(tǒng)領(lǐng)以下整段文章。E項(xiàng)切題。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】

根據(jù)劃線前提及“一些訓(xùn)練方法使用懲罰，比如責(zé)罵，阻止狗做任何你不希望它們做的事情”可知G項(xiàng)“其他的方法主要是教狗你想讓它們做什么”和前句并列，都在講訓(xùn)練狗的方法。同時(shí)后文提及的“both strategies”在此處也指代前面兩句提及的方法。所以G項(xiàng)切題。故選G項(xiàng)。

【4】

根據(jù)后句提及“你必須抓住它在廚房里胡鬧并當(dāng)場(chǎng)懲罰它”可知D項(xiàng)“如果你想阻止你的狗做某事”，前后兩句構(gòu)成“條件邏輯”。D項(xiàng)切題。故選D項(xiàng)。

【5】

根據(jù)后句提及“在訓(xùn)練你的狗的時(shí)候，你應(yīng)該對(duì)她每次做的事情做出同樣的反應(yīng)”可知，A選項(xiàng)“結(jié)果必須一致”和后句構(gòu)成前后補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。所以A項(xiàng)切題。故選A項(xiàng)