It takes two to duet (二重唱), and one question for scientists is how these coordinated (協(xié)調(diào)的) performances arise — in birds. Are they the result of cooperation, a way in which one pair signals to others that they’ve got it together? Or are they the result of conflict, evolving to avoid one partner’s song interfering with the other’s?
A study of duetting in Peruvian warbling antbirds(蟻鳥) suggests that it might be a little of both, and that context is everything. Joseph A. Tobias and Nathalie Seddon of the University of Oxford show in Current Biology that sexual conflict can cause the female of a pair that normally cooperates to “jam” the male’s song by singing over it.
The researchers exposed antbird pairs to recorded songs of other antbirds and monitored the songs the pairs produced. In one experiment, they played the songs of an intruding pair. In this case, the resident pair “both are likely to lose their territory, so both should cooperate,” Dr. Tobias said. And they do. They produce a coordinated duet that in effect tells the intruders to keep away.
But when the researchers played the song of a single female, the pair behaved differently. “You’d expect the resident female to be highly motivated to defend her position in the partnership,” Dr. Tobias said. And that’s what occurs. The male sings its heart out, flirting(調(diào)情) with the single female, and the female of the pair does its best to interfere with the song by singing over it, apparently to make her mate less attractive to the other female.
“It’s clear that the male doesn’t like what she’s doing,” Dr. Tobias said. The behavior “breaks up what is otherwise a very cooperative situation into a more complicated signal,” he added.
It’s the first evidence of this kind of signal jamming among pairs, Dr. Tobias said.
And in that it leads the male to alter its song to avoid the female’s interfering notes, it shows that this kind of conflict could, over a long period, drive the evolution of coordinated song.
小題1:
What is the key factor of antbirds’ duet?
A．Their cooperation.B．Their conflict.
C．The context.D．Their instinct.
小題2:
How did the researchers conduct the experiment?
A．They put the antbird pairs back to nature and observe them.
B．They played different recorded songs of other antbirds.
C．They put an antbird to the other’s territory and observed.
D．They played the songs of an intruding pair.
小題3:
Why did the female bird sing according to Paragraph 4?
A．It wanted to show its singing talent to the partner.
B．It aimed at keeping the partnership with the male.
C．It wanted to frighten the other females.
D．It wanted to make her mate more attractive.
小題4:
Which of the following is the topic of this passage?
A．The special phenomenon about birds pairs.
B．The conflict of bird pairs.
C．The cooperation of bird pairs.
D．The piece of music for bird pairs.

小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:B
小題1:D
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Recent studies have shown that children with learning disabilities (LD) often have problems. For many, strong  21 of anger, shame, sadness, or disappointment can 22 psychological difficulties such as anxiety, depression or low self-esteem. These problems can be far more than the  23 challenges themselves.
Several heading experts in the field of LD have offered suggestions on ways to help 24 children from these problems.
To be most effective in supporting 25 , it can help to understand some primary  26  for the psychological and emotional challenges they may face.
First, it is not difficult to see  27  children with LD are at greater risk for developing psychological difficulties if one considers the repeated failure they 28 . Although they make efforts to “try harder,” children with LD may receive little  29  feedback（反饋）. Their academic struggles and failures are often met with 30 by teachers, peers and parents. Such disapproval can take the form of unpleasant labeling（標簽）of a child 31“slow,” “l(fā)azy” or “dumb.” 32 developing a sense of pride in their accomplishments, children with LD may  33  in disappointment and shame. Low self-esteem and a lack of confidence only  34 prevent learning and academic success.
The second reason is the 35 difficulties they often experience. Research indicates that as many as 75% of kids with LD have such 36 as making and keeping friends. Children with LD are less 37 and often rejected by their peers. Teachers and other adults also may  38 to have negative views of them. Such social rejection(排斥)can result in  39 of self-esteem and feelings of loneliness, which,   40  may lead to psychological difficulties such as anxiety and depression.
小題1:
A．opinionsB．feelingsC．ideas D．a(chǎn)ttitudes
小題2: 
A．cause B．getC．solve D．overcome
小題3: 
A．mentalB．physicalC．potentialD．a(chǎn)cademic
小題4: 
A．protectB．preventC．removeD．separate
小題5: 
A．expertsB．childrenC．teachersD．parents
小題6: 
A．ways B．rules C．reasonsD．directions
小題7:
A．whereB．whyC．whichD．when
小題8: 
A．practiseB．experienceC．possessD．find
小題9: 
A．hopefulB．timelyC．subjective D．positive
小題10:
A．sympathyB．courageC．disapprovalD．respect
小題11:
A．a(chǎn)sB．forC．withD．to
小題12:
A．Instead ofB．In favor ofC．Because ofD．In terms of
小題13:
A．turn awayB．work outC．break offD．end up
小題14: 
A．hardlyB．furtherC．evenD． slightly
小題15:
A．generalB．socialC．personalD．cultural
小題16:
A．valuesB．mistakesC．chancesD．difficulties
小題17:
A．requestedB．controlledC．a(chǎn)dmittedD．a(chǎn)ccepted
小題18:
A．mean B．tendC．preferD．pretend
小題19: 
A．pride B．needC．lossD．a(chǎn)wareness
小題20:
A．in particularB．in generalC．in totalD．in turn

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Although many online personality tests are fun, only a few will really give you insight into who you are and what you are supposed to be doing with your life.
At CareerPlanner.com we believe that each individual, regardless  of （不管） race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.
This doesn’t mean you won’t be successful. It just means you won’t be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.
Unfortunately, our school system does very little to help students discover their true career. This is where online personality tests and career tests can help.
Online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success.
Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how” your personality compares to others and “how” you like to work.
In particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.
While personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you “what” type of work is right for you.
That is where Career Interest Tests come in. Online Career Tests, such as the CareerPlanner.com offers will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate (熱誠的) about.
But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator R, and the Enneagram.
小題1:The underlined word “insight” in the first paragraph means _____.
A．theoryB．demandC．understandingD．term
小題2: You can’t achieve true job satisfaction unless you _____.
A．find your true purpose in lifeB．choose the best work
C．get along well with othersD．a(chǎn)dapt to the work environment
小題3:The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is _____.
A．to recommend some popular online personality tests
B．to inform readers of online personality and career tests
C．to tell the differences between some popular online tests
D．to persuade people to take online personality or career tests
小題4: What will the writer most probably talk about next?
A．The differences between personality tests and career tests.
B．The similarities between personality tests and career tests.
C．The reasons why personality and career tests are popular.
D．The details of the two most well-established personality tests.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.
Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.
So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”
Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg’s “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”。
A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. That’s a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.
小題1: According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?
A．People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.
B．People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.
C．People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.
D．People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.
小題2:Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s books?
A．Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.
B．The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.
C．The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.
D．Industry–funded media present confusing information.
小題3:The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_____.
A．voice a different opinion
B．find fault with Lomborg’s book
C．challenge the authority of the media
D．point out the value of scientific views.
小題4:What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A．To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.
B．To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews.
C．To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information.
D．To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I am sure that everybody in his/her life has used computers. Nowadays you can feel their presence everywhere at home，at school，at work and they certainly make life easier．On the other hand，there are people who can’t work with them．
Anyway，I believe their presence is a good thing. Life with them seems easier, less difficult and more comfortable You can use them to choose your meal，to withdraw your money, and also save your time，because these operations are all controlled by computers. Therefore you can hardly imagine the modern world without them；the whole planet seems to be one big computer society．
Nevertheless，problems can often appear in this area, too．To have a computer means you have to be quite well－off and have the necessary skills to use it．However，think about questions like “Are computers so available for everyone, or rich and poor people，for people from villages and people from cities. Aren’t they too expensive？Is everyone able to learn how to use them and not everyone has the chance to access and work with them，how could everything in the future be dependent on them？”Therefore，I think our society will be split into two parts．One part will work with them and enjoy the benefits that computers can bring and the other part will be pushed out and will actually be far behind the other group．
Another question that bothers me is，on the one hand，computers are important  and good things in our life，but they aren’t everything．They are good as a help at school，quite often as entertainment，especially for young people，as an necessary tool to help in research etc，but I think we shouldn’t be so dependent on them，because computers are only machines and machines can’t feel anything be human and sympathetic，and every action performed by computer can be interfered with another person，which could cause these machines to crash or work badly．
In conclusion，I would like to say I am not against computers．I use computers，too，but people should be wary all the time．
小題1:By saying “wary”（In the last paragraph）,the writer is trying to say “People should_______.
A．be strongly for the use of computers because of its convenience
B．be careful with computers that will also cause problems
C．master more necessary computer skills
D．not do something that causes computers to work badly
小題2:Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage？

小題3: In the third paragraph，the author presents his idea by________
A．a(chǎn)sking questions for people to think about
B．giving examples to support his argument
C．raising questions and answering them
D．expressing his opinion directly
小題4: The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is__________
A．to encourage us to use computers in our society
B．to advise us to say no to computers from now on
C．to remind us to care about the problems that computers bring.
D．to inform us that the computer has become a necessary part of our life

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When you think about math, you probably don’t think about breaking the law, solving mysteries or finding criminals. But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.
People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal(揭示) the identity of the criminal. It’s long been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they live, simply because it’s easier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for a suspect(嫌疑犯) who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.
But Mike O’Leary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that this kind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of a criminal’s home base by combining these patterns with a city’s layout(布局) and historical crime records.
The records of past crimes contain geographical information and can reveal easy targets — that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficult to rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimes contain information about where major streets and intersections are. O’Leary is writing a new computer program that will quickly provide this kind of information for a given city. His program also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminal’s patterns change with age. It’s been shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.
Other computer programmers have worked on similar software, but O’Leary’s uses more math. The mathematician plans to make his computer program available, free of charge, to police departments around the country.
The program is just one way to use math to fight crime. O’Leary says that criminology — the study of crime and criminals — contains a lot of good math problems. “I feel like I’m in a gold mine and I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like,” he says. “It’s a lot of fun.”
小題1:
To find criminals, police usually ______.
A．focus on where crimes take placeB．seek help from local people
C．depend on new mathematical toolsD．check who are on the crime scene
小題2:
O’Leary is writing a computer program that ______.
A．uses math to increase the speed of calculation
B．tells the identity of a criminal in a certain area
C．shows changes in criminals’ patterns
D．provides the crime records of a given city
小題3:
By “I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like”, O’Leary means that he ______.
A．is better at finding gold than others
B．is the only one who uses math to make money
C．knows more criminals than other mathematicians
D．knows best how to use math to help solve crimes
小題4:
What is the main idea of the text?
A．Criminals live near where crimes occur.
B．Math could help police find criminals.
C．Crime records could be used to fight crime.
D．Computer software works in preventing crimes.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is possible that the majority of the teenagers accepted the advantages of the iPad. In most cases they were expressing strong opinions about it. But today we already know that another three high-end computer tablets(平板電腦) are going on sale, with the aim of taking a bite out of the iPad's market. For tablet computer fans, iPad may not be the only choice, as the Motorola Xoom, the HP Touchpad and the BlackBerry PlayBook will have been launched (推出)by this summer, according to foreign media reports on Tuesday. Here is Product Information Guide as follows. We would like to listen to your reviews later.   
Apple iPad2
Size: 9.7 inch screen, 8.8mm thick
Weight: 601g (Wi-Fi only version)
Battery life: 10 hours of heavy use
Price: a base price of $499(3,278yuan)
Available(可使用的): March 11, 2011 in the US
Strength: over 65,000 *apps that are fit for the iPad
Weakness: lack of USB port and flash support
 
Motorola Xoom
Size: 10.1 inch screen, 13mm thick
Weight: 730g
Battery life: 8hours of heavy use
Price: $800(5,252RMByuan)
Available: now
Strength: great multi-tasking feature, better cameras than the iPad2    
Weakness: limited options（選擇權）of apps
 
HP Touchpad
Size: 9.7 inch screen, 13mm thick
Weight: 740g
Battery life: 8hours of heavy use
Price: not yet announced
Available: summer 2011
Strength: killer software features, including a virtual(虛擬的) keyboard which comes in four sizes
Weakness: lack of a rear-mounted（后置式） camera which would allow users to get images and photos
 
BlackBerry PlayBook
Size: 7- inch screen, 10mm thick
Weight: 400g
Battery life: 8hours of heavy use
Price: not yet announced
Available: Spring 2011
Strength: business-oriented, powerful multitasker, excellent data security（安全）
Weakness: Some features require users to have a Black-Berry phone
小題1: Which type is the biggest one?
A．Apple iPad 2B．Motorola XoomC．HP TouchpadD．BlackBerry PlayBook
小題2:Which is True according to the passage?
A. Apple ipad 2 has excellent data security. 
B. Four types above of Battery life are the same.
C. Most people are satisfied with HP Touchpad.        
小題3: Which one can you buy as a present with only 4000yuan RMB at hand?
A．Apple iPad 2B．Motorola XroomC．None of the fourD．Any of the four

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When Gretchen Baxter gets home from work as a New York City book editor, she checks her Blackberry (黑莓手機) at the door. ‘I think we are attached to these devices in a way that is not always positive,’ says Baxter，who’d rather focus at home on her husband and 12-year-old daughter. ‘It’s there and it beckons (召喚). That’s human nature (but)…we kind of get crazy sometimes and we don’t know where it should stop.’
Americans are connected at unprecedented (前所未有的) levels一93% now use cell phones or wireless devices；one third of those are ‘smart phones’ that allow users to browse the Web and check e-mail，among other things. The benefits are obvious: checking messages on the road，staying in touch with friends and family，efficiently using time once spent waiting around. The downside：often，we’re effectively disconnecting from those in the same room.
That's why，despite all the technology that makes communicating easier than ever，2010 was the Year We Stopped Talking to One Another. From texting at dinner to posting on Facebook from work or checking e-mail while on a date，the connectivity revolution is creating a lot of divided attention，not to mention social anxiety. Many analysts say it's time to step back and reassess.
‘What we’re going to see in the future is new opportunities for people to be plugged in and connected like never before,’ says Scott Campbell. ‘It can be a good thing，but I also see new ways the traditional social fabric (社會結構) is getting somewhat torn apart.’
Our days are filled with beeps and pings·----many of which pull us away from tasks at hand or face-to-face conversations. We may feel that the distractions are too much，but we can’t seem to stop posting，texting or surfing.
‘We're going through a period of adjustment and rebalancing,’ says Sherry Turkle and she wants to remind people that technology can be turned off.
‘Our human purposes are to really have connections with people,’ she says. ‘We have to reclaim it. It’s not going to take place by itself.’
小題1:What can be the best title for the passage?
A．2010: The year technology developed quickly.
B．2010: The year technology sped up our life pace.
C．2010: The year technology replaced talking.
D．2010: The year technology made communicating easier.
小題2:According to Paragraph l，Gretchen Baxter thinks_________.
A．the new technology always influences people’s life in a positive way
B．the new technology is so tempting that she could even put her daughter and husband behind
C．it is encouraging to see progress on the new technology every year
D．people are too dependent on the new technology to let go
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The wide use of mobile devices has nothing to do with the ‘traditional social fabric’.
B．Mobile devices play a less important part in American life.
C．Mobile devices create a lot of divided attention and social anxiety.
D．Many analysts speak highly of the wide popularity of mobile devices.
小題4:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Something must be done to get connection with people in reality again·
B．Using mobile services can help people get connection with each other.
C．Mobile services have a strong impact on people’s life.
D．The connection with people can happen naturally.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Construction workers in Southern California have made a wild discovery. They were digging at a building site in San Timoteo Canyon (峽谷) when they unearthed hundreds of ancient animal fossils. Researchers say the bones hold important clues about the history of the region.
Nearly 1, 500 fossils were recovered from the dusty canyon. The remains are about 1.4 million years old. They include the bones of a new species of deer, several small rodents (嚙齒目動物) and more. A giant cat fossil was also found. Scientists believe the animal was an ancestor of the saber- toothed tiger. Signs of plant life were uncovered as well.
“This is a huge find,” says Rick Greenwood, a scientist studying the site. “I don’t think most people had any idea that those types of animals were wandering around here more than a million years ago.”
San Timoteo Canyon is located about 85 miles from Los Angeles. The area of the canyon where the fossils were found was once part of a green river valley. Today, the region is dry and plant life is rare.
Most of the fossils are well preserved. Experts say a muddy lake bed may have trapped thirty animals that wandered over for a drink. The mud helped to protect the animal fossils.
The remains are a million years older than those discovered at the famous La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles. Scientists studying the bones will be able to learn more about how the animals adapted to changes in the environment.
“We have a confused view of what this time period was like, ” says another scientist. “A discovery like this could really be an important contribution.”
About 35 different animal species are represented in the fossil collection. Scientists began removing bones from the site last fall. The project was completed this summer. Starting next year, the fossils will be on display at the Western Science Center in the nearby city of Hemet, California.
小題1:
What does the passage mainly focus on?
A．The secret of ancient animals’ deaths.
B．The preparation for a future fossil exhibition.
C．A great discovery of fossils.
D．The history of San Timoteo Canyon.
小題2:
From what Rick says, we know ________. (原創(chuàng))
A．fossils were discovered in the canyon for the first time.
B．the canyon in ancient times was quite different.
C．more research work will be carried on in the canyon.
D．the river water helped to protect the animal fossils.
小題3:
Compared to the discovery at the La Brea Tar Pits, the canyon-involved fossils _______.
A．a(chǎn)re far olderB．include more species
C．a(chǎn)re better preservedD．make experts more confused
小題4:
What do we know about the fossils from the passage?
A．All of them are of new species.
B．Some of them have been destroyed
C．They were looked for under experts’ guidance.
D．They will be on show in the near future.

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