.

Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.

Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda（大熊貓）eats only one particular type of bamboo（竹子）. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly（蝴蝶）will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet（多樣化飲食）. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.

Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.

59. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.

   A. depend on one sense in choosing food     B. are not satisfied with their food

   C. choose food in similar ways              D. eat entirely different food

60. Which of the following eats only one type of food?

   A. The white butterfly.    B. The small bird.    C. The bear.    D. The fox.

61. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.

   A. the season changes                B. the food color changes

   C. they move to different places        D. they are attracted by different smells

62. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.

   A. food is chosen for a good reason          B. French and British food is good

   C. some people have few choices of food  D. some people care little about healthy diet

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學(xué)年寧夏高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

LONDON (Reuters)    Ecotourism is causing a lot of damage to wildlife and may be endangering the survival of the very animals people are flocking to see, according to re­searchers.

Biologists and conservationists are worried because polar bears, dolphins, penguins and other creatures are getting stressed and losing weight and some are dying.

"Evidence is growing that many animals do not react well to tourists in their backyard，” New Scientist magazine said.

The immediate effects "researchers have noticed are changes in behavior, heart rates. or stress hormone levels but they fear it could get much worse and over the long term “ could endanger the survival of the very wildlife they want to see. ”

Although money produced through ecotourism, which has been growing at about 10-30 percent a year, has major benefits for poor countries and people living in rural areas, the Swiss-based World Conservation Union (IUCN) and some governments fear not all projects are audited（審計(jì)） and based on environmentally friendly policies，according to the magazine.

Transmission of disease to wildlife，or small changes to wildlife health through dis­turbance of daily life or increased stress levels, while not obvious to the casual observer, may translate to lower survival and breeding，” said Philip Seddon , of the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand.

Scientists have noticed that bottleneck dolphins along the northeastern coast of New Zealand become nervously excited when tourist boats arrive. Similar changes in behavior have been observed in polar bears and yellow-eyed penguins in areas visited by colorists are producing smaller babies.

Conservationists are now calling for more research into the effect of ecotourism on ani­mals and say the industry must be developed carefully. They also want studies done before new ecotourism projects are started.

“The animals’ welfare should be very important because without them there will be no ecotourism，” said Rochelle Constantine of the University of Auckland in New Zealand

1.Which is not discovered to have changed in animals disturbed by tourists?

A. behavior     B. birth rate     C. hormone levels    D. heart rates

2.We may learn from the text that _____.

A. ecotourism must be developed properly

B. polar bears are losing weight without enough food

C. all the poor countries have stopped ecotourism

D. money produced through ecotourism should be spent on wildlife

3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?

A. Many animals do not react well in their backyard

B. Studies should be done before new ecotourism projects are started

C. Ecotourism has been growing at about 10—30 percent a year.

D. polar bears in areas visited by ecotourists are producing smaller babies.

4.What Rochelle Constantine said in the last paragraph implies that _____.

A. if people want to get high income, they must develop ecotourism

B. animals have rights to live their own life

C. animals are people's good friends

D. people should take good care of wildlife

 

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Plants and animals usually do not live apart, as in many ways they are important to each other. Most green plants can make their own food. The food of other living things, even the food of meat-eating animals, comes directly or indirectly from green plants. For example, some people eat mutton (羊肉); mutton comes from a goat; the goats eat grass. These steps, or links, make up what is called a food chain. Without green plants, all other living things would in time die of starvation.

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 (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

1.What does the author mean by saying “Plants and animals usually do not live apart”?

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A．popular

B．famous

C．endangered

D．dangerous

2. The town of Lamu faces danger from ________.

A．development pressures

B．stealing

C．misuse by visitors

D．a(chǎn) war

3. We can know that The Global Heritage Fund organization mainly _____.

A．protects places of cultural importance in developing countries

B．protects places of cultural importance in developed countries

C．provide resources to protect cultural places in every country

D．helps people know the importance of protecting cultural treasures

4. Which of the following countries has the fewest World Heritage places?

A．Italy

B．Guatemala

C．Peru

D．Spain

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A．has attracted a lot of attention worldwide

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C．is mainly to increase income of developing countries

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Plants and animals usually do not live apart, as in many ways they are important to each other. Most green plants can make their own food. The food of other living things, even the food of meat-eating animals, comes directly or indirectly from green plants. For example, some people eat mutton (羊肉); mutton comes from a goat; the goats eat grass. These steps, or links, make up what is called a food chain. Without green plants, all other living things would in time die of starvation.

Plants help animals in other ways too. They furnish homes and shelter for many animals. Many birds, as you know, build their nests in trees. Deer and many other animals use bushes for shel­ter. And even man depends much upon plants for his shelter. Animals repay some of this debt by helping plants. You may be aware that many insects and some birds do important work for plants by pollinating (授粉) them. You must have also learned how animals often help plants by spreading seeds.

What is waste material for one of these kinds of life is often valuable substance for the other. For example, animals give off carbon dioxide gas when they breathe. When plants make food, they absorb this gas from the air, using the carbon and releasing some of the oxygen back into the air. The oxygen that is released, then, is again supplied to animals. Thus the cycle continues, ani­mals helping plants, and plants helping animals.

All plants and animals have their enemies. Insects eat plants; birds eat insects; other animals kill birds. But here too, animals such as birds and bats help the plants by destroying harmful in­sects. Many plants and animals are helpful to some living things but are harmful to others. Then there are other rules in nature that act as checks and balances. For example, if there are more animals in a certain area than there is food to support them, some of the animals must mi­grate or starve. In either case, the number of animals will be reduced until the balance between animals and the available food supply is restored.

These helps and hindrances (障礙) are constantly going on in the plant and animal world to achieve a balance. As long as one living thing is dependent on another, whenever the scales are tipped (使傾斜), nature takes steps to balance the scales again.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

81. What does the author mean by saying “Plants and animals usually do not live apart”?

82. Besides providing food and shelter for animals, plants can also ______ to help animals to live.

  

83. “Checks and balances” refers to ______ in the world of animals and plants.

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The Global Heritage Fund organization recently released a list of cultural treasures in the developing world that are in danger of disappearing. These“On the Verge” places face many threats. They included war, development pressures, stealing and misuse by visitors. The Global Heritage Fund says these places are important because they are records of our human civilization. And the group says countries can learn to use these treasures to help support responsible development in the future.
One such place is the town of Lamu. Lamu was once a very important trading center in East Africa. This ancient city became part of the United Nations Heritage list in 2001. But it still faces threats. For example, a modern port might be built nearby.
Other endangered places include Ani, a city in Turkey, the town of Maluti in India, the ancient city of Ninevah in northern Iraq, the Sans-Souci palace in Haiti, and the former capital of Ayutthaya in Thailand.
The Global Heritage Fund is nonprofit organization based in California. The group says it only focuses on developing countries which often have few resources to protect places of cultural importance. And, other major cultural organizations often pay more attention to protecting places in the developed world. For example, the fund points out the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization has forty-five World Heritage places in Italy. UNESCO has forty-two in Spain. But Peru, famous for its ancient Incan buildings, has only nine World Heritage places. Guatemala has only three.
The Global Heritage Fund says its new report tries to place a value on cultural places so that they can also be considered as economic resources. It estimates that by 2025 these places of cultural importance could produce one hundred billion dollars a year in income for developing countries.
【小題1】 The underlined part “On the Verge” in Paragraph 1 is used to show the places are _____.

A．popularB．famous
C．endangeredD．dangerous
【小題2】 The town of Lamu faces danger from ________.
A．development pressuresB．stealing
C．misuse by visitorsD．a(chǎn) war
【小題3】 We can know that The Global Heritage Fund organization mainly _____.
A．protects places of cultural importance in developing countries
B．protects places of cultural importance in developed countries
C．provide resources to protect cultural places in every country
D．helps people know the importance of protecting cultural treasures
【小題4】 Which of the following countries has the fewest World Heritage places?
A．ItalyB．Guatemala
C．PeruD．Spain
【小題5】 According to The Global Heritage Fund organization, saving the places of cultural
importance_______.
A．has attracted a lot of attention worldwide
B．will start to benefit developing countries in 2015
C．is mainly to increase income of developing countries
D．can help developing countries make money out of them

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