Question

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.
Common sense is not all that common.
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?
These three popular misquotes(戲謔的引語)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this: “ To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an ideal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.
Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company, “the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people, get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推論)to that: if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?
【小題1】According to tile passage, which of following seems the most human?

A．To search for truth．

B．To achieve one’s ideal

C．To make fun of others’ mistakes．

D．To criticize others for one’s own error.

【小題2】According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s maturity?

A．Doing things his own way.

B．Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.

C．Making as few mistakes as possible．

D．Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.

【小題3】Which of the following is N0T based on common sense?

A．A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.

B．A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.

C．A company’s next move follows a good plan．

D．A lawyer acts on fine judgments．

【小題4】What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?

A．Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.

B．Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.

C．A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.

D．Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.

【小題5】What would be the best title for his passage?

A．A Mirror of Human Nature	B．To Blame or to Forgive
C．A Mark of Maturity	D．Truth or Excuse

Answer 1

【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】A
【小題4】D
【小題5】A

解析試題分析：作者從責備還是寬恕，常識還是非常識，真理還是借口三方面來體現(xiàn)人性的鏡子。
【小題1】選D。推理判斷題。從引言后第一段倒數(shù)第三句話說“關于人性的起初說法是犯錯是人，寬恕是神。這種說法映射出神應該寬恕別人的錯誤。而我們人正好相反，而是推卸責任，批評別人的錯誤。然而，對所犯的錯事負責任就是成熟的標志。所以D項是正確答案。而A項 尋求真理；B項 實現(xiàn)理想；C項 拿別人的錯誤開玩笑，文章中未提到。
【小題2】細節(jié)理解題。引言后第一段最后一句可知：勇于承擔錯誤帶來的責任就是成熟的標志。所以B項對；A項“隨心所欲”；C項 “盡可能地少犯錯”；D項“認真對待錯誤”，都不符合本文對犯錯后的描述。選B。
【小題3】推理判斷題。倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句話說靠常識似乎對于一個大的組織并不適合，因為有太多的事情要處理以至于一個人不可能負責全部工作。所以A項 “一個人負責一個大公司的全部工作屬于非常識” 。B項從“Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm”得出。C項和D項從“Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. ”得出。選A。
【小題4】推理判斷題。從最后一段最后一句話if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth? 如果好的借口是重要的，即使它是不誠實的，那么真理的地位又在哪里？作者用了一個反問說明追求真理比尋找理由更為重要。得出D項是正確答案；C項一個好的借口和誠實一樣的有價值 是錯的；從what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art?認為編一個好的理由就是在創(chuàng)造一件藝術品，這樣的社會怎么了？作者用了一個反問來對找理由的否認，可以推出A和B項錯。選D。
【小題5】主旨大意題。從全文來看，作者用三個引言導出人性這個話題，從責備還是寬恕，常識還是非常識，真理還是借口三方面來體現(xiàn)人性。所以選A“人性的鏡子”; B 項和D項只是第二段和最后一段的段落大意，不能代表全文。C項是第二段的一個細節(jié)。選A。
考點：考查人生百味類短文