20.More and more public schools in America make it a rule that students must finish a certain amount of community service(61)beforethey are allowed to graduate from high school.They work on projects like making the environment better or(62)feeding(feed) homeless people.
Many school systems in the United States now ask students(63)to do(do) some kinds of community service as part of their studies.Students involved in service projects help(64)themselves(they)as well as their communities.They learn about the needs of people and aid(65)organizations(organize).For this reason,holidays(66)have become(become) the prime period for volunteer work so far.Volunteers get no pay,but experts point out that it is(67)anexcellent opportunity to learn and practice new skills.
According to the statistics,more than 60% of young Americans have participated(68)indifferent kinds of community service,such as cooking for homeless people,or painting old buildings,etc.Some students like to do their volunteer work in(69)central(centre) parts of America,but the majority of teens prefer to do it in their hometowns.Tom,a 16-year-old middle school student in California,often(70)does(do) community service in a local hospital.He works 16hours every week either receiving calls at the information desk,or helping push patients back to their wards.

分析 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文.主要說(shuō)明了美國(guó)的公立大學(xué)規(guī)定,在學(xué)生從高中畢業(yè)之前必須完成一定數(shù)量的社區(qū)服務(wù),并講了社區(qū)服務(wù)對(duì)于學(xué)生自身和社區(qū)的好處.

解答 61.before   考查連詞  根據(jù)句意,要求學(xué)生在從高中畢業(yè)之前,一定完成一定數(shù)量的社區(qū)服務(wù).故填before.
62.feeding  考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 or前后連接兩個(gè)并列成分,應(yīng)保持相同的形式.or前面的動(dòng)詞用了-ing形式,所以之后的動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用-ing形式.故填feeding.
63.to do.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞  ask sb.to do sth.是固定搭配.故填 to do.
64.themselves  考查代詞    對(duì)他們自身有幫助.故填themselves.
65.organizations   考查構(gòu)詞法   aid sth./sb.意為幫助某事或某人,其后應(yīng)用名詞,而此處不僅指一個(gè)組織.故填organizations.
66.have become    考查時(shí)態(tài)  根據(jù)后面的so far可知此句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).故填have become.
67.a(chǎn)n   考查冠詞   元音前的不定冠詞應(yīng)用an.故填an.
68.in    考查介詞   participate in為固定搭配,意為參加.故填in.
69.central  考查形容詞    形容詞修飾名詞,故此處應(yīng)用centre的形容詞形式.故填central.
70.does 考查主謂一致   該句主語(yǔ)為T(mén)om為第三人稱(chēng),do的第三人稱(chēng)形式為does.故填does.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 語(yǔ)法填空的解題技巧
語(yǔ)法填空是通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇在語(yǔ)境中考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力.我們?cè)诮忸}前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意,有把握的空格可以進(jìn)行填寫(xiě).在讀懂的基礎(chǔ)上,再結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境去逐句分析逐題解答.按題型設(shè)計(jì)分三種情況:
1.純空格試題的解題技巧
首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)所缺成分確定哪類(lèi)詞.然后,根據(jù)句子意思,確定具體填什么詞,或根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個(gè)連詞.此處考查的冠詞a的填寫(xiě).
2.給出了動(dòng)詞的試題解題技巧
首先,判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.若句子沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系,所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài);若句子有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)名詞和過(guò)去分詞).
3.詞匯轉(zhuǎn)換題解題技巧
這類(lèi)題主要考查名詞、形容詞和副詞.根據(jù)該詞在句中所做句子成分確定用哪種形式.

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