Question

Hybrid cars （混合動(dòng)力車(chē)） are cars that run on petrol and electricity. They have a small standard petrol engine and a battery (電池) electric motor to provide electric power.

There are some differences between different models of hybrid cars, but the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required, for example, when going uphill or accelerating. In some hybrid cars the petrol engine turns itself off when not needed, for example when the car has stopped at traffic light, keeping only the electric engine running.

Conventional cars have large engines to deal with driving uphill and accelerating. Hybrid cars have much smaller petrol engines, improved by electric motors when needed, so they use less petrol. Another way that fuel consumption is cut is by a system of "regenerative (再生的) braking". The electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes. The energy produced by slowing the car is changed into electrical power, which is automatically stored in the battery. In effect, the battery recharges when you brake. In conventional cars the energy produced when braking is wasted.

In 1928 Ferdinand Porsche built an experimental hybrid car. The first mass-produced hybrid car, the Toyota Prius, came out in Japan at the end of 1997. However, hybrid cars became available in the USA only in 1999. As they use less fuel, hybrid cars are cheaper to run. There are also many voices in place to encourage people to buy them. In some countries, hybrid car owners pay a lower rate of tax, and don't have to pay on certain roads. In some cities, hybrid cars are allowed to park for free.

1. Hybrid cars consume less energy than conventional cars because hybrid cars _____.

A. have large engines to deal with accelerating

B. have conventional brakes to slow down the car

C. have electric power to assist when needed

D. have no energy consumption when stopping

2. In regenerative braking, _____.

A. energy wasted in conventional cars is stored in the battery

B. the conventional brakes are used to slow down the car

C. the battery charges itself when the car is accelerating

D. the petrol engine is usually turned off automatically

3.From the last paragraph we can learn that Hybrid cars ____.

A. were first available in the USA

B. will gain more popularity

C. free their owners from tax

D. are free to park anywhere in the city

4. The main purpose of this text is to_____.

A. show haw hybrid cars slow down

B. encourage people to buy hybrid cars

C. inform people a kind of energy-saving cars

D. explain why hybrid cars use less energy

Answer 1

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了一種新型的交通工具叫動(dòng)力混合車(chē)，動(dòng)力混合車(chē)使用汽油和電池相結(jié)合的方式運(yùn)行，最大優(yōu)勢(shì)就是能夠消耗較少的能源，同時(shí)為了推廣這種車(chē)的使用，在有些國(guó)家還推出一系列的優(yōu)惠政策。

1. the general principle is that the car runs on petrol, and the electric motor kicks in when additional power is required”中可以看出，動(dòng)力混合車(chē)主要靠汽油保持運(yùn)行，在需要額外的動(dòng)力時(shí)使用電動(dòng)機(jī)。所以這種車(chē)需要較少的能源是因?yàn)橛须娏Φ难a(bǔ)充幫助，故選C。

2. electric motor is used to slow down the car, rather than conventional brakes.”中可以看出，電動(dòng)機(jī)是用來(lái)使車(chē)慢下來(lái)的，比傳統(tǒng)的剎車(chē)好。故選A

3.

4.

考點(diǎn)：說(shuō)明文類(lèi)閱讀