7．Why do men die earlier than women？The latest research shows that the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline （衰弱）when they reach middle age．
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's  longevity  may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age．
"We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25percent between 18and 70years of age，"said the head of the study，David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK．
"Within the heart there are millions of cells（細胞） that enable it to beat．Between the ages of 20and 70，one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men，"said Goldspink．"This is part of the ageing process．"
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells．A healthy 70-year-old woman's heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one's．
"This gender（性別） difference might just explain why women live longer than men，"said Goldspink．
They studied more than 250healthy men and women between the ages of 18and 80，focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease．
The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater toll （造成損失）on the male heart，said Goldspink．
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise．Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age．

56．The underlined word"longevity"（in paragraph 2）probably refers toB．
A．health   B．long life   
C．a(chǎn)geing   D．effect
57．The passage mainly talks aboutD．
A．men's heart cells          B．women's ageing process
C．the gender difference       D．hearts and long life
58．According to the passage，the UK scientists have known thatC．
A．women have more cells than men when they are born
B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D．the female heart never loses the pumping power with age
59．If you want to live longer，you shouldC．
A．enable your heart to beat much faster
B．find out the reason for ageing
C．exercise regularly       
D．prevent your cells from being lost
60．We can know from the passage thatB．
A．the reason why ageing causes a greater loss to the male heart has been found out
B．scientists are still doing research into why the male heart loses more of the cells
C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss of the cells
D．women over 70could lose more cells than those at the age of 20．

分析 本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了女性比男性長壽的原因主要是基因問題，還有男性可以通過鍛煉延長自己的壽命．

解答 56．B．詞義猜測題．根據(jù)第二段The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women's  longevity  may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age對老齡化對心臟影響的最大研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性的長壽可能與她們的心臟不會隨著年齡增長而失去泵送能力有關(guān)；可知意為活的更長久；故選B．
57．D．主旨大意題．根據(jù)文章第 1 段的第 2 句…the reason could be that men's hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age 和第 2 段中的 women's longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age 及全文內(nèi)容可知文章主要討論男女的心臟和壽命，故選D．
58．C．事實細節(jié)題．根據(jù)文章第 5 段的第 1 句 What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells 可知英國科學(xué)家已經(jīng)知道女性心臟幾乎不會隨著年齡的增長失去細胞，故選C．
59．C．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)最后一段The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise．Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age可知如果你想活得更久，你應(yīng)該定期鍛煉；故選C．
60．B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第 2 段中的 The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart 可推知科學(xué)家仍在研究為什么男性的心失去更多的細胞，故選B．

點評 考察學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實，要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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