Question

【題目】 The United States Capitol Dome in Washington, D.C., is recognized around the world as a symbol of the U.S. government. Since last November, the dome has been surrounded by metal poles, or scaffolding(腳手架), and heavy cloth as part of a repair project.

The last major repair work on the U.S. Capitol took place in 1960. Since then, the dome has become weathered and worn. The Architect of the Capitol group reports the dome has more than 1,000 narrow breaks in its surface and other damage.

The dome was completed around 1863. U.S. Senate Historian Don Ritchie says the dome’s cast iron frame(鑄鐵鋼架) is at special risk of weathering. “The capitol dome, being cast iron, has been hit by lightning countless times. And so the present construction(=building) is to repair the leaks, to fill in the cracks, to take off unnecessary layers of paint.”

Workers are removing old paint. They covered a large part of the building in plastic and a special cloth to protect workers from the wind and other elements. Much of the work is done at night, when lawmakers are not in the building.

Some recent visitors to the Capitol were unhappy about its present appearance. They had hoped to get a picture of the usually shining dome. Joyce said, “It was dramatic, and very fantastic, and all white, but when I come here today, it is under construction so my family cannot see it clearly. It is kind of a disappointment.”

Others were more understanding of the repairs. Rick Jones, another visitor, said, “It’s a little inconvenient for us not to see the dome but you have to think about the future and the people will be coming to this place for centuries...and you know, there just needs to be preventive maintenance(保養(yǎng)). I am not upset with that at all.”

The project is expected to take more than two years to complete. The dome should be ready for the inauguration of a new president in January 2017.

【1】We can learn from the passage that the United States Capitol Dome is ______.

A.worn by exposure to the weather

B.surrounded by many repair projects

C.well kept and in excellent condition

D.regarded as a symbol of the U.K. government

【2】According to Don Ritchie, the present repair work involves ______.

a. stopping the leaks

b. changing the frame

c. removing the old paints

d. replacing the lights e. filling the narrow breaks

A.abcB.bcd

C.bdeD.ace

【3】Which of the following can describe the recent visitors to the Capitol Dome?

A.They could get a clear look at the dome.

B.They were impressed by the white dome’s fantastic beauty.

C.They held different views on the Capitol’s current appearance.

D.They were all disappointed at the sight of the Capitol building.

【4】The underlined word “inauguration” in the last paragraph most probably means _____.

A.tourB.taking office

C.interviewD.taking photos

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了美國國會(huì)大廈的圓屋頂因?yàn)轱L(fēng)化而產(chǎn)生裂縫，目前正在進(jìn)行的修復(fù)工程，而來此地參觀的游客對(duì)此表達(dá)的不同態(tài)度。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Since then, the dome has become weathered and worn. The Architect of the Capitol group reports the dome has more than 1,000 narrow breaks on its surface and other damage.可知從那以后，圓頂就風(fēng)化了。國會(huì)大廈集團(tuán)的建筑師報(bào)告說，圓頂表面有1000多個(gè)狹窄的裂縫和其他損壞。由此可知，美國國會(huì)大廈因日曬雨淋飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜受損嚴(yán)重。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中And so the present construction(=building) is to repair the leaks, to fill in the cracks, to take off unnecessary layers of paint.可知所以現(xiàn)在的建筑是修補(bǔ)漏洞，填補(bǔ)裂縫，去掉不必要的油漆層。由此可知，根據(jù)Don Ritchie的說法，目前的修復(fù)工作包括修補(bǔ)漏洞、清除舊油漆和填補(bǔ)裂縫。故選D。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中Some recent visitors to the Capitol were unhappy about its present appearance.可知最近到國會(huì)大廈參觀的一些人對(duì)它現(xiàn)在的樣子不滿意。以及倒數(shù)第三段中Others were more understanding of the repairs.可知其他人則更理解維修情況。由此可推知，最近參觀國會(huì)大廈圓頂?shù)挠慰蛯?duì)國會(huì)大廈目前的外觀有不同的看法。故選C。

【4】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章可知該建筑是government building, 結(jié)合后文a new president in January 2017可推知穹頂應(yīng)為2017年1月新總統(tǒng)就職做好準(zhǔn)備。故劃線單詞意思是新總統(tǒng)“就職”。故選B。

詞義猜測(cè)題是高考閱讀理解中�？碱}型之一，可以大致分為

① 定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測(cè)詞義。如文中常用refer to,be called或that's to say,such as等。

② 邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測(cè)詞義，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。

③ 語法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。

④ 語境猜詞，猜測(cè)詞義離不開上下文的語境，通過上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。

如第四小題，根據(jù)文章可知該建筑是government building, 結(jié)合后文a new president in January 2017可推知穹頂應(yīng)為2017年1月新總統(tǒng)就職做好準(zhǔn)備。故劃線單詞意思是新總統(tǒng)“就職”。故選B。