Question

(2013·高考四川卷，E)Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.

Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收縮) and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.

Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”

The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces.Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed.Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don’t see－and guide whether we see fear.”

To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner(掃描儀) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person’s feeling of fear.

“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，”Dr Garfinkel said.

“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced，we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”

1.What is the finding of the study?

A．One’s heart affects how he feels fear.

B．Fear is a result of one’s relaxed heartbeat.

C．Fear has something to do with one’s health.

D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.

2.The study was carried out by analyzing________.

? A．volunteers’ heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures

? B．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions

? C．volunteers’ reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans

? D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart?brain communication

3.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“mechanism” in Paragraph 6?

A．Order. B．System.

C．Machine. D．Treatment.

4.This study may contribute to________.

? A．treating anxiety and stress better

? B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety

? C．finding the key to the heart?brain communication

? D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】本文是一篇說明文。本文講述了科學(xué)家通過研究揭示了恐懼與心臟和大腦的關(guān)系。

1.

2.2】解析：選C。由文章第四段和第五段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)是通過分析志愿者對可怕圖片的反應(yīng)和他們的大腦掃描數(shù)據(jù)來進(jìn)行的。A項(xiàng)“志愿者看到可怕圖片時的心跳”太片面；B項(xiàng)中提到了身體健康狀況，而文章中并沒有提及，故排除；D項(xiàng)中的heart?brain communication是在實(shí)驗(yàn)后提到的，故也排除。

3.3】解析：選B。結(jié)合上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，mechanism所在句句意為：我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個重要的(身體內(nèi)的)機(jī)制，通過它心臟和大腦可以互相交流來改善我們的情緒并減少恐懼。故只有B項(xiàng)system“體系，系統(tǒng)”與mechanism意思相近。order“順序，命令”；machine“機(jī)械，機(jī)器”；treatment“治療”。

4.4】解析：選A。推理判斷題。由最后一段中的．..we may be able to develop more...disorder.可知這個研究對治療焦慮和壓力有好處。所以選A項(xiàng)。