People with an impulsive personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.

Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺) release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.

Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits (特點(diǎn)). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI (身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)) during the study.

Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity.

“Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt.

Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits.

“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”

1.According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is ________.

A. less healthy weight B. motivation to lose weight

C. negative emotions D. taking alcohol or drugs

2.How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4?

A. By making comparisons and conclusions.

B. By explaining causes and effects.

C. By presenting questions and answers.

D. By giving definitions and examples.

3.What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?

A. It has been successfully carried out among overweight people.

B. It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight.

C. It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people.

D. It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Dopamine release caused by food addiction

B. Food addiction compared to drug use

C. Impulsive personality linked to food addition

D. Food addiction contributing to obesity

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆江西余江第一中學(xué)高三上模擬2英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Have you ever had a day when everything seemed to go wrong, and nothing seemed to go right? Not too long ago I was having one of those days.I was discouraged, tired, and plain sad. My focus was on me.After all, no one else was experiencing the same trials I was.

I expressed my upset state to my mother, hoping for some pity.Instead, she said, “I heard Jamie was having a difficult day too.Why don't you make her some cookies and take them to her this afternoon?”

I didn't really want to, but decided that I didn't want to go back to my other problems just yet.I made the cookies and arranged them on a little plate.Then I made a card with a sunflower on it and wrote a small note of empathy(共鳴）.

That afternoon I dropped by my friend's house.I went to the door and rang the bell. Soon, Jamie came to the door and looked at me in surprise for the unexpected visit. Before she could say anything I rushed, “I heard you were having a hard day and decided to bring you something. I hope your day goes better.” The look that came over Jamie's face was one that I could never put into words.It was as if a darkened sky was suddenly lit with the golden rays of the sun；it was as if in that small act, her day was brightened.

I got back into the car and for some amazing reason. I felt a lot better myself. That day I experienced the truth that James Barrie attempted to describe, “Those who bring sunshine to the lives of others cannot keep it from themselves.”

1.The author made cookies and arranged them on a plate______.

A. so as to show off his skills

B. to stop thinking about his own worries

C. not to let his mother feel down

D. not to show his sadness to others

2.How did Jamie feel when seeing the author's coming?

A. She lit up very soon.

B She was surprised and scared.

C. he couldn't express herself.

D. She poured out all her worries.

3.What do you think of the author's mother?

A. Sympathetic. B. Willing.

C. Instructional. D. Selfish.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年江西上饒橫峰中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯(cuò)

假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（），在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該詞下面寫(xiě)上修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。

2．只允許修改10處

Dear Mike,

I am happy to tell you something about a cartoon Pleasant Sheep and Big Big Wolf．It is Huang Jian’s late cartoon．Huang is a much famous cartoon maker in China．The cartoon tells us stories about what some young and brave sheep fight against the wolves．The stories are very interested．The sheep and the wolves are very funny．We children, us parents and even our grandparents like to watch．The sheep have a lot of fan both in China and inoverseas．If you are looking for entertainment, staying at home and watch it．Don’t miss it.

Yours,

Li Hua

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆山東日照一中高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：書(shū)面表達(dá)

書(shū)面表達(dá)

假設(shè)你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Tom喜愛(ài)中國(guó)文化，你想邀請(qǐng)他除夕（New Year’s Eve）來(lái)中國(guó)過(guò)春節(jié)，感受中國(guó)文化。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給Tom寫(xiě)一封電子郵件：

1. 問(wèn)候Tom并發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；

2. 活動(dòng)安排：包水餃，看演出，賞燈（lantern）等.

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆河北省高三上學(xué)期七調(diào)考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

While I will explain a bit about the science of stress and relaxation a little later simple way to think about it is that our body 's stress response works like a car alarm. Keep us safe by warning us of the presence of danger in our immediate environment.

But instead of warning us with a loud and annoying sound，our body alarm system lets us know that something is wrong by creating changes in our neurochemistry (神經(jīng)化學(xué)）.If you've ever expe­rienced pain in your stomach，periods of extreme anger, inability to focus or even insomnia (失眠），chances are your body was paying the price in those moments for the brain chemistry of stress.

So if it's so uncomfortable，why not just get rid of stress altogether?

This is not only impractical，it would be dangerous. Let's go back to the metaphor (比喻說(shuō)法）of the car alarm. If the alarm is turned off altogether，the car is exposed to continual danger without there being any way of your knowing about it until it is too late. It would be like walking through the jungle without any fear signal in the presence of a poisonous snake or other dangerous animals — while it might feel “nice” to be so relaxed，your body actually needs the stress response not only to remind you of danger but also to offer extra adrenaline (腎上腺素) for your heart and extra blood and oxygen for your arms and legs.

However，if the car alarm goes off at any time，someone just looks at the car with a bit of an attitude，and it becomes equally useless. Not only do we stop paying attention to it，but it begins to drive us and everyone around us becomes a little bit crazy. In the case of our bodies，walking around in a constant state of alarm also has some pretty alarming health consequences，which we will explore in greater depth in the next chapter.

1.Our body's stress response is compared to a car alarm in that .

A. they work all the time B. they both give a signal

C. they work in the same way D. they both produce a sound

2.When our body alarm system works， .

A. we feel calm

B. we feel excited

B. some changes happen in our brain

D. some changes happen in our heart

3.What would happen if stress were got rid of completely?

A. We'11 be free of worries.

B. We'11 achieve a sense of safety.

C. We'11 reach a perfect state of mind.

D. We'11 fail to realize the possible danger.

4. What's the purpose of giving the example of walking through the Jungle in Paragraph 4?

A. To show the harm of stress.

B. To show the effect of stress.

C. To explain the function of stress response.

D. To explain the necessity of stress response.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年吉林大學(xué)附中高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：語(yǔ)法填空

篇章語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（只填1詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

One day a rich man took his son on a trip to the country so he could have his son see how poor country people were.

They stayed one day and one night in the farm-house of 1. very poor farm. 2. the way back home at the end of the trip the father asked the son, “ 3. did you think of the trip?”

The son 4. (reply), “Very nice, Dad.”

The father then asked, “Did you notice how poor they were?”

The son said, “Yes, I guess so.”

The father then added, “What did you learn?”

To 5. question, the son thought for a moment and answered 6. (slow), “I learned that we have one dog and they have four. We have a fountain in the garden and they have a small river7. has no end. We have brightly colored 8. (lantern) in our garden, while they have the stars. Our garden 9. (go) to the edge of our yard, but for their back yard they have the whole horizon.”

At the son’s reply, the rich father was speechless (無(wú)語(yǔ)的). His son then said, “Thanks, Dad, for10. (show) me how poor we really are.”

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年黑龍江大慶實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二下開(kāi)學(xué)考英語(yǔ)卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

Take your time — it's just _____ short distance from here to _____ restaurant.

A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a D. /; a

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年北京懷柔區(qū)高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

According to the air traffic rules, you ______ switch off your mobile phone before boarding.

A . ought to B. may C. can D. would

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆湖南衡陽(yáng)八中高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Father’s day is a day 1. (celebrate) the love of a father. Celebrated 2. the third Sunday of June, this day holds a special 3. (important) in all your lives. Only rarely 4. (you get)a chance to go out of your way and do something special for that one tough guy 5. protects you all the time. This day gives you 6. appreciate reason to do something for your father to show how much you love him. But 7. (find) a gift for a man who has everything can be a bit difficult.

However, free printable colouring pages for Father’s Day are truly a unique gift 8. you want to say thank you to him. 9. only does it add a personal touch, but also gives you a chance to leave your own message. You 10. easily turn these colouring pages into posters, greeting cards, or simply a drawing that your father can put up on his office board.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案