Question

【題目】 As e-cigarettes become more popular, fewer people are taking up smoking traditional cigarettes. But can e-cigarettes, an electronic nicotine delivery system, help people quit smoking altogether? The answer is probably yes. A study led by Matthew Carpenter, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina found that e-smokers tend to smoke less and have increased quit attempts.

In the pilot study, Carpenter evaluated e-cigarettes in terms of usage, product preference, changes in smoking behaviors and nicotine exposure. Ninety subjects were evaluated：45 were randomized to use e-cigarettes, and 45 were randomized to a control group. Everyone was followed over a period of four months. The study was published in Cancer Epidemiology in November and is one of the few randomized studies in the U. S. to examine the effects of e-cigarettes.

Results showed that when smokers were given e-cigarettes, uptake was strong. Many participants rated the e-cigarettes similar to their usual product, suggesting that e-cigarettes might give smokers a suitable alternative to combustible（燃燒的）cigarettes. E-cigarettes offer significantly less exposure to harmful toxicants and therefore are safer. People using e-cigarettes throughout the study smoked an average of 37 percent fewer cigarettes, as compared to those in the control group, showing a positive effect when making the switch and potentially serving as a tool to help smokers quit.

That's good news for Carpenter and his colleagues. Smoking is the leading cause of cancer and has a negative impact on the effectiveness of cancer treatments. People who quit smoking, regardless of their ages, have substantial gains in life expectancy（預(yù)期壽命）compared with those who continue to smoke.

Carpenter cautions that while e-cigarettes may help people smoke less or even quit, they are not for everyone. "It is important to protect non-smokers, particularly adolescents, from starting any nicotine-containing product. "

More than 1,500 varieties of e-cigarettes are now available, including different looks, high-tech power settings and many flavors. All these make them more appealing to kids. In fact, e-cigarettes are more popular than conventional cigarettes among youth. "All these should raise our alarm bells," he said.

E-cigarettes were only recently regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Largely manufactured overseas, the quality control process varies, he says. Without enough information to answer the long-term public health issues of e-cigarettes, researchers like Carpenter are aware of the importance of further studies on the latest tobacco trends. Combustible cigarettes have been around for many decades. E-cigarettes have not, and the science has a lot of questions left to answer, he said.

【1】Which of the following is TRUE about Professor Carpenter's experiment on e-cigarettes?

A. The test groups include conventional smokers, e-smokers and non-smokers.

B. E-cigarettes expose smokers to fewer poisonous substances.

C. Many participants don't think e-cigarettes as good as traditional ones.

D. It is one of the few studies to test the effects of smoking.

【2】After reading the passage, we may infer that_______.

A. most e-cigarette smokers will finally give up smoking

B. there are more e-smokers than traditional smokes in the USA

C. many adolescents are attracted to e-cigarettes due to their low prices

D. carpenter is worried about the e-cigarettes' popularity among children

【3】What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A. E-cigarettes are faced with many problems and need more study.

B. The U. S. government should strengthen its regulation over e-cigarettes.

C. Smokers should be cautious because of e-cigarettes' low quality.

D. Researchers are concerned about e-cigarettes' harm to people's health.

【4】What is the structure of the passage?___

（①to ⑦represent Paragraphs 1 to 7）

A. B.

C. D.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】A

【4】B

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了隨著電子煙越來(lái)越流行,越來(lái)越少的人開(kāi)始吸傳統(tǒng)香煙。但是電子煙,一個(gè)電子尼古丁遞送系統(tǒng),能幫助人們完全戒煙嗎?答案可能是肯定的。南卡羅萊納醫(yī)科大學(xué)的教授馬修卡彭特（Matthew Carpenter）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),電子煙民傾向于減少吸煙,并增加戒煙的次數(shù)，但電子煙面臨著許多問(wèn)題,需要更多的研究。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"E-cigarettes offer significantly less exposure to harmful toxicants and therefore are safer"可知電子煙使吸煙者暴露在更少的有毒物質(zhì)中。故選B。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句"It is important to protect non-smokers, particularly adolescents, from starting any nicotine-containing product. （重要的是要保護(hù)非吸煙者，特別是青少年，遠(yuǎn)離任何含有尼古丁的產(chǎn)品。）"可知carpenter擔(dān)心電子煙在兒童中的受歡迎程度。故選D。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Combustible cigarettes have been around for many decades. E-cigarettes have not, and the science has a lot of questions left to answer, he said.（可燃香煙已經(jīng)存在了幾十年。他說(shuō)，電子煙沒(méi)有，科學(xué)上還有很多問(wèn)題需要回答。）可知電子煙面臨著許多問(wèn)題,需要更多的研究。故選A。

【4】推理判斷題�？v覽全文可知第一段和最后一段是總寫(xiě)電子煙,第二三四段主要介紹了電子煙的好處、五六段介紹了電子煙不適合兒童,所以文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是B選項(xiàng)。故選B。