Question

Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment．For example, the end of the last Ice Age, beginning about 15,000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt．Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth' s water．In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra （冰原） provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shelters．When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by rising sea levels from melting ice．But people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species． Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms．
Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet． Through history, major developments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have allowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing numbers．The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today．
However, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run．Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and energy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes．The global population now consumes some important natural resources—such as petroleum, wood, and minerals—faster than nature can produce them．Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways．Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary．

1. 1.
   What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?
   1. A.
      How the human beings survived in the Ice Age．
   2. B.
      What the situation was like during the Ice Age．
   3. C.
      What caused the Ice Age to come to an end．
   4. D.
      Why the Ice Age was very important．
2. 2.
   To deal with the problems, human beings should ______according to the passage．
   1. A.
      stop developing any longer
   2. B.
      reduce the overuse of natural resources
   3. C.
      stop the global warming and using natural resources
   4. D.
      save more animals in case they all die out
3. 3.
   Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?
   1. A.
      A very developed culture came into being．
   2. B.
      New technologies have been developed．
   3. C.
      Natural resources have been used up．
   4. D.
      Human activities have done damage to the balance of nature．
4. 4.
   Which of the following can be the best tide of the passage?
   1. A.
      Natural Environment Should Be Protected．
   2. B.
      The Success of Cultural Adaptation Is Not Permanent．
   3. C.
      The Global Population Is Increasing Since Ice Age．
   4. D.
      Human Beings Are Capable of Surviving on Earth

Answer 1

ABDB
試題分析：本文為議論文。文章論述了人類在適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境得到了飛速發(fā)展的同時，也帶來了系列問題：人類的過度發(fā)展破環(huán)了自然，以至給人類自己帶來了災(zāi)難。
1.主旨大意題。從第一段的句子：But people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species． Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms．雖然冰川融化，人類食物鏈遭到破壞，但由于人類具有認(rèn)識和使用新技術(shù)的能力而得以存活，并發(fā)展?fàn)畲蟆＿xA
2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的句子：However, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run．人類過量使用自然資源已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境的惡化，理智的辦法就是減少使用自然資源。選B
3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段的句子：Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways．可知人類過度使用自然資源破壞了自然的平衡。選D
4.主旨題：從最后一段的句子：Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary．可知temporary=" Not" Permanent選B。
考點(diǎn)：考查環(huán)保類短文