Question

Scientists know of more than 1,000 volcanoes on the surface of Venus, Earth’s “sister” planet. A big question has been: Are they still active? The scientists say yes.

Their evidence for recent volcanic activity on Venus comes from a lava (熔巖) flow in the planet’s northern hemisphere. The flow is hotter than the rocks around, which means the lava might still be cooling off. “The flow we studied seems to be very young---it is still warm inside,” Nataliya Bondarenko said.

Venus is a difficult planet to study from Earth because it is surrounded by thick clouds. Telescopes on Earth can’t see through these clouds, so the best information about Venus comes from spacecraft orbiting it.

Bondarenko and her colleagues studied the lava flow using data from NASA’s Magellan mission. That spacecraft spent four years in orbit around Venus and used radar to make a map of 98 percent of the planet’s surface. On October 11th, 1994, the mission ended, and the spacecraft plunged (跌落) through Venus’ heavy cloud cover and crashed onto the planet below.

While in orbit, the Magellan craft sent microwaves, which can go through Venus’ clouds, to the surface. Microwaves are invisible and can be as long as three feet. These waves are a kind of energy, like light. And like light, they bounce off surfaces. The way the waves bounced off the Venus’ surface and back to the craft supplied information that the scientists used to estimate the temperature of various parts of the planet’s surface. Bondarenko’s team found that the lava flow was hotter than its surroundings---which may mean the lava flow is in the process of cooling.

The scientists say the lava flow can’t be very old because if it were, it would have cooled off enough that Magellan wouldn’t have noticed the difference in microwaves. She adds that the flow appears in a 1978 view of the surface that a craft called the Pioneer Venus Orbiter captured.

1.What happened to Magellan in the end?

A. It was floating in space forever.

B. It flew into heavy clouds.

C. It returned to the Earth.

D. It fell onto Venus.

2.How could Bondarenko judge the temperature of the Venus?

A. By looking at it with a powerful telescope.

B. By measuring the thickness of clouds over Venus.

C. By calculating the microwave bouncing off Venus’s surface.

D. By orbiting Venus for 4 years in a spacecraft.

3.The best title for the passage may be “______ ”.

A. Warm lava on Venus                 

B. More volcanic eruptions on Venus

C. Venus is just like a big active volcano           

D. Lava flows are first found on Venus

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.D

2.C

3.A

【解析】

試題分析：文章的大意為：科學(xué)家說(shuō)在金星的表面上有1000多座活火山，并且也找到了證據(jù)。是從火山噴發(fā)出的溶巖中得到證明的，因?yàn)檫@些溶巖還是熱的處于冷卻的狀態(tài)。在地球獲取金星的信息是不容易的，因?yàn)閺牡厍蛏系耐�遠(yuǎn)鏡上是看不清金星，有很厚的去層遮擋。科學(xué)家的這些有關(guān)金星的信息是從美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的飛行器那里采集的信息。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。On October 11th, 1994, the mission ended, and the spacecraft plunged (跌落) through Venus’ heavy cloud cover and crashed onto the planet below.1994年10月11日，使命結(jié)束了，飛行器穿過(guò)金星厚厚的云層跌落在落在了這個(gè)行星的表面上。故答案應(yīng)為D。

2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。The way the waves bounced off the Venus’ surface and back to the craft supplied information that the scientists used to estimate the temperature of various parts of the planet’s surface.大意為：波從金星的表面反彈回來(lái)到達(dá)航天器的這種方式提供了信息，科學(xué)家用這種信息去估計(jì)金星表面不同地方的溫度。故答案應(yīng)為C。

3.A文章大意題。這篇文章從火山周圍的溶巖推測(cè)出這些火山還很活躍的，接著陳述了金星的信息很難獲得，科學(xué)家通過(guò)航天器獲得的信息推測(cè)出金星表面不同部分的溫度。所以文章的題目應(yīng)是金星上溫暖的熔巖。故答案應(yīng)為A. B選項(xiàng)金星上更多的火山爆發(fā)，文中是沒(méi)有介紹的；C選項(xiàng)金星就像一個(gè)大大的活火山，文中并未涉及到這個(gè)話題；D選項(xiàng)熔巖首先在金星上被發(fā)現(xiàn)，文中并未指出是首次發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【考點(diǎn)】考查科學(xué)類文章的閱讀理解。