Science has told us too much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be like to get there. It is certainly not a friendly place. Since there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. There is not much variety of scenery either. For mile after mile there are only flat plains of dust with mountains around them. Above, the sun and stars shine in the black sky. If you step out of the mountain shadow, it means moving from the severe cold into intense (強(qiáng)烈的) heat. These extreme temperatures continually break rocks away from the surface of the mountains. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But beyond the broken horizon, you see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the stars. From this distance, it looks like an immense (巨大的) blue, green and brown ball.
【小題1】The moon is an unfriendly place because                   .

A．there is no air, no water, no life, no sceneryB．the sun and stars shine in the sky
C．temperature breaks rock awayD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
【小題2】Without           , the moon is a silent world.
A．manB．a(chǎn)irC．soundD．water
【小題3】According to the passage we know that             .
A．the earth looks like a colored ball
B．we can enjoy the scenery on the moon
C．every inch of the moon is very hot
D．the extreme temperature breaks rocks away from the surface of mountains
【小題4】We can conclude（斷定） that “continually” means          .
A．sometimesB．a(chǎn)lwaysC．without breakD．frequently
【小題5】The best title for the passage is                        .
A．An Unfriendly and Friendly PlaceB．The Geography of the Moon
C．Moon, a Silent WorldD．The Moon


【小題1】D
【小題1】B
【小題1】A
【小題1】C
【小題1】D

解析

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科目：高中英語 來源：浙江省蕭山中學(xué)2012屆高三上學(xué)期摸底考試英語試題 題型：050

閱讀理解

　　As the human brain evolved, humans were able to laugh before they could speak, according to a new study．But here’s the punch line：Laughter and joy are not unique to humans, the study says．Ancestral forms of play and laughter existed in other animals long before humans began laughing．

　　“Human laughter has its roots in our animation past,” said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio．Panksepp has studied rats and found that when they “play,” they often chirp(唧唧叫)－an early－stage form of laughter, according to the scientist．In an article to be published tomorrow in the journal Science, he makes the argument that animal laughter is the basis for human joy．

　　In studying laughter, scientists have focused mostly on related issues－h(huán)umor, personality, health benefits, social theory－rather than laughter itself．New research, however, shows that “circuits”(電路)for laughter exist in very ancient regions of the human brain．As humans have included language into play, we may have developed new connections to joyous parts of our brains that evolved before the cerebral cortex(大腦皮層), the outer layer associated with thought and memory．

　　There is plenty of evidence that many other mammals make play sounds, which are like human laughter．Indeed, animals are capable of many emotional feelings, just like humans, some scientists say．"The recognition by neuroscientists(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)that the brain systems for pain, pleasure, and fear are the same in humans and other mammals underline our similarity to other species and is extremely important," said Tecumseh Fitch, a psychology lecturer at the University of St．Andrews in Scotland．In a 2003 study Panksepp and Bowling Green State University neurobiologist Jeff Burgdorf showed that if rats are tickled(呵癢)in a playful way, they readily chirp．Rats that were tickled developed a relationship with the researchers and became rapidly conditioned to seek tickles．Understanding the chirping of the rats may help scientists better understand human laughter．

　　Robert Provine, a psychology professor at the University of Maryland in Baltimore, agrees there is an evolutionary continuity of laughter．"Its origin is in tickling play," he says．Provine has studied chimpanzees and found a link between their laughter - like noises and human laughter．"Laughter is actually the sound of play, with the original’ pant – pant’(喘氣)- the heavy breathing of physical play - becoming the human ‘ha - ha,’” Provine said．By studying the shift from the panting of chimps to the human ha - ha, he discovered that breath control is the key to the appearance of both human laughter and speech．

(1)

The 2003 study about rats being tickled are mentioned in paragraph 4 in order to show that ________．

[　　]

A．

rats are such smart aromas that they can laugh like humans

B．

animals have emotional feelings as human beings do

C．

animals' emotional feelings are now widely recognized

D．

tickling animals can help animals develop the ability of laughter

(2)

According to the text, what is the most special about Jaak Panksepp's research?

[　　]

A．

It focuses on animals' influence on human laughter．

B．

People's personalities are involved in the research．

C．

The research studies human brain as well．

D．

The research deals with laughter itself．

(3)

We can infer from the above text that ________．

[　　]

A．

Tecumseh Fitch and Robert Provine disagree with each other on laughter

B．

rats’ chirping and chimp’s panting are basically the same

C．

most animals are able to laugh but need to be trained first

D．

human beings have now fully understood animals’ behaviors

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011年福建省莆田市畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí)英語試題 題型：閱讀理解

My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening near my parents’ tomb in the churchyard.

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     A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. He seized me by the chin(下巴).

    “Tell us your name!” said the man. “Quick!”

    “Pip, sir.”

    “Show us where you live,” said the man. “Point out the place!”

    I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church.

    The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread.

    “You young dog,” said the man, licking his lips, “what fat cheeks you ha’ got. Darn me if I couldn’t eat em, and if I han’t half a mind to’t!”

I earnestly expressed my hope that he wouldn’t, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying.

“Now then lookee here!” said the man. “Where’s your mother?”

“There, sir!” said I.

He started, made a short run, and stopped and looked over his shoulder.

“There, sir!” I timidly explained, pointed to the tombstone. “That’s my mother.”

“Oh!” said he, coming back. “And is that your father alonger your mother?”

“Yes, sir,” said I; “him too; late of this parish(教區(qū)).”

1. The “voice” in the second paragraph came from______.

A. the church           B. the man          C. the bank         D. the boy

2.The boy probably lived  _____.

A. in the parish        B. in the valley        C. in the city      D. in the country

3.We can infer from the passage _____.

A. the boy was very calm and smart

B. the man hit the boy in the face

C. the boy would forever remember the raw afternoon

D. the man was very kind and considerate

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A. a news report        B. a science fiction        C. a novel      D. a review

 

 

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One interesting aim of the IYA is to encourage more diversity (多樣性) in the field of astronomy and physics. IYA organizers hope that the yearlong celebration of astronomy will inspire more females and underrepresented minorities to pursue (追求) careers in science. An event that will help further that goal is 100 Hours of Astronomy (100 HA) that will fall on April. This event aims to have as many people as possible look through a telescope. From April 2nd to 5th, millions of people worldwide will peer through telescopes to catch their first glimpse (一瞥) of the universe, just as Galileo’s did 400 years ago. Sidewalk astronomy events will give city-dwellers (城市居民) an excellent opportunity to see the moon, the planet Saturn, and other objects in position for early evening observations.

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   D. IYA 2009 is the biggest event that takes place in the year of Ox.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2011年福建省莆田市高中畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí)英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

My first most vivid and broad impression of the identity of things seems to me to have been gained on a memorable raw afternoon towards evening near my parents’ tomb in the churchyard.
“Hold your noise!” came a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the tombs at the side of the church. “Keep still, you little devil(小鬼), or I’ll cut your throat!”
A fearful man, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head. He seized me by the chin(下巴).
“Tell us your name!” said the man. “Quick!”
“Pip, sir.”
“Show us where you live,” said the man. “Point out the place!”
I pointed to where our village lay, on the flat in-shore among the alder-trees and pollards, a mile or more from the church.
The man, after looking at me for a moment, turned me upside down, and emptied my pockets. There was nothing in them but a piece of bread.
“You young dog,” said the man, licking his lips, “what fat cheeks you ha’ got. Darn me if I couldn’t eat em, and if I han’t half a mind to’t!”
I earnestly expressed my hope that he wouldn’t, and held tighter to the tombstone on which he had put me; partly, to keep myself upon it; partly, to keep myself from crying.
“Now then lookee here!” said the man. “Where’s your mother?”
“There, sir!” said I.
He started, made a short run, and stopped and looked over his shoulder.
“There, sir!” I timidly explained, pointed to the tombstone. “That’s my mother.”
“Oh!” said he, coming back. “And is that your father alonger your mother?”
“Yes, sir,” said I; “him too; late of thisparish(教區(qū)).”
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【小題2】The boy probably lived  _____.
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【小題3】We can infer from the passage _____.
A．the boy was very calm and smart
B．the man hit the boy in the face
C．the boy would forever remember the raw afternoon
D．the man was very kind and considerate
【小題4】The passage is most probably adapted from________.
A．a(chǎn) news reportB．a(chǎn) science fictionC．a(chǎn) novelD．a(chǎn) review

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