9．Festivals and celebrations of all kinds （61）have been held （hold） everywhere since ancient times．Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather，planting in spring and harvest in autumn．Today's festivals have many origins，some （62）religious（religion），some seasonal，and some for special people or events．
Some festivals are held to honour （63）the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，（64）whomight return either to help or to do harm．Festivals can also be held to honour famous people，（65）likeQu Yuan，Christopher Columbus and Mohandas Gandhi．Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events．People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter（66）andthe agricultural work is over．The most （67）energetic （energy） and important festivals are the （68）ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the （69）coming （come） of spring．Festivals let us enjoy life，be proud（70）of our customs and forget our work for a little while．

分析 本文講述了不同節(jié)日的來(lái)歷．從古代就有許多種的節(jié)日，它們會(huì)慶祝冬天的結(jié)束，春天的播種，秋天的收獲．而今天的節(jié)日的起源有宗教方面的，季節(jié)方面的，還有一些為了紀(jì)念一些特別的人或者事件．最重要的節(jié)日是那些盼望冬天的結(jié)束，迎接春天來(lái)臨的節(jié)日．

解答 61．have been held．考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)．根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) since ancient times可知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hold和主語(yǔ)Festivals and celebrations 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have been held．   
62．religious．考查派生詞．和形容詞  seasonal并列，用名詞religion的形容詞religious，表示"宗教的"．  
63．the．考查定冠詞．定冠詞和形容詞dead 連用，表示"死去的人"．  
64．who．考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞．代指先行詞the ancestors（祖先們），做定語(yǔ)從句might return either to help or to do harm．的主語(yǔ)，用who．   
65．like．考查介詞．like表示"像，比如"，表示"像屈原，哥倫布，甘地這樣的人"．
66．a(chǎn)nd．考查連詞．their food is gathered for the winter和the agricultural work is over 都是主句People are grateful 的原因，所以二者之間是并列關(guān)系，因此用and連接．
67．energetic．考查派生詞．和形容詞important 并列，用energy的形容詞energetic，表示"精力充沛的．    
68．ones．考查代詞．代指festivals，做定語(yǔ)從句that look forward to the end of winter 的先行詞用ones．   
69．coming．考查考查派生詞．在定冠詞the 后面用come 的名詞coming，表示"春天的到來(lái)"．       
70．of．考查介詞．固定短語(yǔ)be proud of 表示"對(duì)…驕傲"．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考查語(yǔ)法填空．
英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的．英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)．
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者．巧記為：主動(dòng)、主動(dòng)、主去動(dòng)．
例如：Many people speak English．speak的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)many people來(lái)執(zhí)行的．
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象．巧記為：被動(dòng)、被動(dòng)、主被動(dòng)．
例如：English is spoken by many people．主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者．
主動(dòng)態(tài)和被動(dòng)態(tài)指的是動(dòng)詞形式，是詞法概念；而主動(dòng)句和被動(dòng)句則指的是句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而是句法概念．所謂主動(dòng)句就是由主動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞（詞組）作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子，而被動(dòng)句則是由被動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞（詞組）作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子．

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