13.Occasional self-medication has always been part of normal living.The making and selling of drugs have a long history and are closely linked,like medical practice itself,with the belief in magic.Only during the last hundred years or so has the development of scientific techniques made it possible for some of the causes of symptoms to be understood,so that more accurate diagnosis has become possible.The doctor is now able to follow up the correct diagnosis(診斷)of many illnesses with specific treatment of their causes.In many other illnesses,of which the causes remain unknown,it is still limited,like the unqualified prescriber (出具處方者),to the treatment of symptoms.The doctor is trained to decide when to treat symptoms only and when to attack the cause:this is the essential difference between medical prescribing and self-medication.
The advance of technology has brought about much progress in some fields of medicine,including the development of scientific drug therapy (治療法).In many countries public health organization is improving and people's nutritional standards have risen.Parallel with such beneficial trends have two harmful effects.One is the use of high-pressure advertising by the pharmaceutical(制藥)industry,which has tended to influence both patients and doctors and has led to the overuse of drugs generally.The other is the emergence of the sedentary (需要久坐的) society with its faulty ways of life:lack of exercise,over-eating,unsuitable eating,not enough sleep,too much smoking and drinking.People with disorders arising from faulty habits such as these,as well as from unhappy human relationships,often resort to self-medication and so add the taking of pharmaceuticals to the list.Advertisers go to great lengths to catch this market.
Clever advertising,aimed at chronic (慢性的) sufferers who will try anything because doctors have not been able to cure them,can induce such faith in a preparation,particularly if steeply priced,that it will produce-by suggestion-a very real effect in some people.Advertisements are also aimed at people suffering from mild complaints such as simple colds and coughs,which clear up by themselves within a short time.
These are the main reasons why laxatives,indigestion remedies,painkillers,tonics,vitamin and iron tablets and many other preparations are found in quantity in many households.It is doubtful whether taking these things ever improves a person's health; it may even make it worse.Worse because the preparation may contain unsuitable ingredients; worse because the taker may become dependent on them; worse because they might be taken in excess; worse because they may cause poisoning,and worse of all because symptoms of some serious underlying cause may be masked and therefore medical help may not be sought.
24.The first paragraph is intended toA.
A.suggest that self-medication has a long history
B.define what diagnosis means exactly
C.praise doctors for their expertise
D.tell the symptoms from the causes
25.Advertisements are aimed at people suffering from mild complaints becauseB.
A.they often watch ads on TV
B.they are more likely to buy the drugs advertised
C.they generally lead a sedentary life
D.they don't take to sports and easily catch colds
26.Paragraphs 2and 3explainC.
A.those good things are not without side effects
B.why clever advertising is so powerful
C.why in modern times self-medication is still practised
D.why people develop faulty ways of life
27.The best title for the passage would beC.
A.Medical Practice
B.Clever Advertisin
C.Self-Medication
D.Self-Treatment.
分析 文章主要介紹了自我藥療(self-medication)的歷史、現(xiàn)狀以及危害等.
解答 24.A.細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第一段前兩句Occasional self-medication has always been part of normal living.The making and selling of drugs have a long history and are closely linked,like medical practice itself,with the belief in magic.關(guān)鍵詞self-medication,have a long history.自我藥療,有著悠久的歷史.故選A.
25.B.判斷推理題 根據(jù)第三段最后一句Advertisements are also aimed at people suffering from mild complaints such as simple colds and coughs,which clear up by themselves within a short time.一般只是得了輕微的感冒、咳嗽的人會根據(jù)廣告自己買藥治。纱丝赏瞥鲎鰪V告的目的是要吸引顧客買他們的藥品.故選B.
26.C.段落大意題 文章第二段和第三段主要論述了現(xiàn)在依然存在自我藥療的原因,即醫(yī)生很難治愈人們不良的生活習慣造成的亞健康狀態(tài).故選C.
27.C.標題確定題 全文是圍繞自我藥療(self-medication)展開論述的,介紹了它的歷史、現(xiàn)狀以及危害等,所以C正確.
點評 本文是一個科教類閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).