Question

Where on Earth are you? Navigators (導航員) use lines of latitude and lines of longitude to locate places. Lines of latitude run east and west around Earth. On a map or globe, these lines appear as running sideways or horizontally. Lines of longitude run north and south around Earth. These lines go up and down or vertically on a map or globe. These lines create an imaginary graph paper on the Earth. They make it possible to find an absolute, or exact, location on Earth. They even allow us to give an absolute location to a place out in the middle of the ocean.
Lines of latitude tell us how far north or south of the Equator we are. Sailors have used primitive navigation tools, like astrolabes, since ancient times. The astrolabe uses the sun and stars to find an approximate location. Using such tools, they have been able to approximate their distance from the equator. Although their instruments may not have been the high quality we have now, they were incredibly accurate (精確) for their time.
Lines of longitude tell us how far east or west of the prime meridian (本初子午線) we are. Sailors constantly looked for new ways to increase their navigation skills. Still, it wasn’t until the 18th century that they were able to measure degrees of longitude. They would have been very envious of the technology available to us today.
When we use lines of latitude and longitude together, we can get a very precise location. If we want to identify the absolute location of a point, we look where the latitude and longitude lines cross nearest to that point. We use the coordinates (坐標) for that point as its address. Many maps today include degrees of latitude and longitude.
【小題1】______ make it possible for people to find an exact place on Earth.

A．Latitudes

B．Longitudes

C．Navigators

D．Sailors

【小題2】The second paragraph mainly talks about _______.

A．the function of latitude	B．the use of the equator
C．the invention of astrolabe	D．the high quality instruments

【小題3】 Why do maps include degrees of latitude and longitude?

A．To help trade expeditions.	B．To locate a precise place.
C．To cross the lines of the nearest point.	D．To identify how far a place is.

【小題4】The best title for this passage is ____________.

A．The map and the globe	B．Latitude and longitude
C．The equator and the prime meridian	D．Absolute coordinates

Answer 1

【小題1】C
【小題2】A
【小題3】B
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：文章介紹什么是經(jīng)度和緯度，通過經(jīng)度和緯度可以準確的找到地球上的位置。
【小題1】細節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：Navigators (導航員) use lines of latitude and lines of longitude to locate places. Lines of latitude run east and west around Earth. 可知是導航員人們知道自己的位置。選C
【小題2】段落大意題：從第二段的句子：Lines of latitude tell us how far north or south of the Equator we are. 可知這段講的是緯度的功能。選A
【小題3】細節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：When we use lines of latitude and longitude together, we can get a very precise location.可知使用經(jīng)度和緯度可以準確的定位。選B
【小題4】主旨題：文章介紹什么是經(jīng)度和緯度，它們的作用。是圍繞經(jīng)度和緯度展開的。選B
考點：考查地理知識類短文
點評：本文考查細節(jié)題為主，細節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關的詞語或句子，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。