Every day on the road, accidents are caused. They do not only happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune-frustration, tiredness or just bad temper-that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.
Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.
By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.
It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety actions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment-noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.
小題1:This passage might be written to         .
A．college studentsB．drivers
C．ordinary citizensD．businessmen
小題2:“Accident-prone” in Paragraph 2 means          .
A．likely to have accidents B．injured in accidents
C．likely to die in accidentsD．responsible for road accidents
小題3:The passage suggests that           .
A．a(chǎn)ccidents mostly result from slippery roads
B．a(chǎn)ccidents are usually caused by psychological factors
C．doctors run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories
D．a(chǎn)bout 50,000 people lost their lives at work in Britain every day
小題4:Which of the following is NOT discussed as a factor of accidents in this passage?
A．Mood B．Carelessness C．TirednessD．Weather
小題5:What do you think would be the best title for the passage?
A．Accidents and HumanB．Why accidents happen
C．Human Factors in AccidentsD．How to Prevent Accidents

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:C

試題分析：本文主要是主要是從人的角度出發(fā)分析導致事故的原因。
小題1:C 推理題。根據(jù)第三段前三行By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics.這里的you就是指普通的居民，故C正確。
小題2:A 推理題。根據(jù)本句Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone,說明在家里吵架以后情緒有波動的人是很容易在開車的時候出事故的，故該詞指A有可能出事故。故A正確。
小題3:B 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.說明大部分的車禍都是由于粗心和思維不集中引起的，故都是精神方面的問題。故B正確。
小題4:D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)前三段的Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, 和These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.
和But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune-frustration, tiredness 說明ABC三項都是事故的可能的原因，故D項正確。
小題5:C 主旨大意題。本文主要分析的就是導致事故的原因，主要是從人的角度出發(fā)的，故Ｃ項正確。
點評：本文屬于新聞報告類短文，考查的推理題較多，推斷題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The slogan “a dog is for life, not just for Christmas” has been going strong for 27 years now. Dogs and cats have been popular Christmas gifts in the gifts in the UK and Europe for many years. But some people still haven’t quite got the message.
The slogan still holds good. Some 105,000 dogs were rounded up by local government last year because they had been abandoned, many of them shortly after the festival season.
The main reason given by owners for handing their dogs over to the Dogs Trust is that the dogs need more attention than they can give; behavioral problems and moving home are also reasons given.
But Eleanor Silk, the Trust’s communications director, says, “It’s often four or five months after Christmas, in early summer, when owners find that the dog has got too big and too active, or it hasn’t been trained properly and has caused damage around the home.”
In any case, some organizations that help pets are quick to point out that if you are serious about getting a puppy(小狗) as a pet, Christmas is not the time to do it. Puppies need to get used to their new surroundings, to be introduced to a routine, and to be looked after like small children. It’s hard to meet any of these needs at Christmas. What’s more, pulling a puppy out of a Christmas stocking in itself sends the wrong message to children. It encourages children to think of the puppy as a toy, rather than a responsibility.
Appreciating what you’re taking on with a dog can be a sobering (清醒的) realization. “For life” means thinking about the effect they’ll have on your life. It also infers you will need to care for the dog for its whole life.
小題1:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Dogs and Cats—the Most Popular Christmas Gifts.
B．A pet is for Life, Not just for Christmas.
C．How to Take Care of Your Pets over Christmas.
D．Let’s Help Those Abandoned Pets
小題2:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for pets to be abandoned?
A．Pets spread some diseases.
B．Pets damage some things in the house.
C．The owners can’t take good care of the pets.
D．The owners have to move to other places.
小題3:The underlined words “rounded up” in Paragraph 2 mean “________”.
A．given out as gifts
B．thrown away
C．gathered into one place
D．raised to make money
小題4:The fifth paragraph mainly tells us________.
A．how to take best care of Christmas pets
B．the right time to have a puppy as a pet
C．the reasons why Christmas is not the time to get a pet
D．the worries about Christmas pets from organizations that help pets
小題5:Why is the author against the idea of putting a dog in the Christmas stocking as a Christmas gift?
A．Because these dogs can still cause damage.
B．Because children will not take dogs seriously.
C．Because children don’t like to have dogs as Christmas gifts.
D．Because a Christmas stocking is not big enough to put a dog in.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Roger Conner is a modern­-day Horatio Alger hero. Roger started out as an unpaid worker in a small flower shop. He has become the owner of a florist company whose sales are well over $100 000 a year.
One day when Roger was only twelve, he stopped at a local flower shop. He asked the owner if he could work for him, without pay, in order to learn the business. Roger started working every day after school and on weekends. After two years on the job, he finally asked for a small salary. The owners told him he “wasn't good enough to be paid.” So he quit, and found a paying job at another local flower shop. He worked hard there, but after six months they laid him off because business was slow.
Not discouraged, Roger decided to do it alone and started his own flower store in a basement in his town. He started his business with only sixty­-five dollars. He bought old refrigerators at garage sales and knocked the shelves out. This turned them into coolers for his fresh­-cut flowers. His business grew rapidly as he built up a reputation for top quality and fine service.
In 1977, Roger bought out the flower store where he had worked without pay for over two years. The people who said he “wasn’t good enough to be paid” were astonished to find that they were being taken over by a teenager. He had plans to renovate (振興) the whole store.
One of the reasons the owners sold out to Roger was that the store wasn't doing well. But after Roger took over ownership and redid the store, business started booming. In fact, business was so good that after one year, he celebrated by buying out the other store where he had worked. Roger then combined both stores and moved to a location in the center of his town.
The new store has 2 000 square feet and seven employees. And he did it all before he reached the age of twenty.
小題1:The author is wants to show us that people who want to succeed in business should ________.
A．work without pay
B．own a flower shop
C．work hard and never give up
D．work as teenagers
小題2:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．He worked for two years without pay.
B．He needed luck to be successful.
C．He opened his first flower business in a basement.
D．He became successful before the age of twenty.
小題3:The passage may be a ________.
A．newspaper reportB．humorous story
C．television playD．scientific story
小題4:The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．employed him
B．didn’t let him work there
C．paid him money
D．were proud of him
小題5:From the passage, a “Horatio Alger hero” may be the kind of person who________.
A．works hard in the flower business
B．was born into a rich family
C．starts out poor and becomes rich
D．becomes famous as a result of good luck

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Going to Disneyland is a dream vacation for kids. You may have been to the Disneyland in Hong Kong or in other places. Soon you will be able to enjoy a Disney Park in Shanghai. Shanghai Disneyland started building on April 8, 2011.There will be many Chinese characters in Shanghai Disneyland. It is different from the others. There is a 10-kilometer-long river. It goes around the whole park. Shanghai Disneyland will cost 24. 4 billion yuan to build. It will open in five years.
 
In order to keep the road safe, European Commission (歐盟) says that buses and taxis can be fitted (安裝) with “black boxes.” The black boxes can help the police to find what happened after an accident.
 
The Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway was put into operation at the end of June, 2011.Now the journey can take about five hours. The train can reach the speed of up to 380 kilometers an hour. The passenger volume (容量) can reach 160 million a year, marking a great step in China’s Railway development.
 
On the evening of May 8th, 2012,a middle school teacher Zhang Lili from Jiamusi , Heilongjiang Province , saved her students in a terrible accident. She was badly hurt and lost her legs. Her brave deed moved the people around China deeply. She is called “the most beautiful teacher.” The whole society is trying to save her life. As a young teacher, her bravery sets a good example to us all. We all hope she will get better soon.
小題1:The Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway was put into operation at the end of __, 2011.
A．JuneB．JulyC．AugustD．September
小題2:Shanghai Disneyland will open ___________.
A．on April 8, 2011B．in 2012
C．on May 8, 2012D．in 2016
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE about Shanghai Disneyland?
A．A 10-kilometer-long river goes in the middle of the park.
B．There will be many Chinese characters.
C．It is the same as the others.
D．It opened 5 years ago.
小題4:In order to keep the road safe, European Commission wants to
A．make buses and taxis go slowly.
B．fit buses and taxis with "black boxes".
C．make the police find out what happened.
D．find out what "black boxes" can do.
小題5:According to the news, we can learn___________
A．Now we are able to enjoy a Disney Park in Shanghai.
B．The black boxes can help the police predict what will happen.
C．The passenger volume can reach 380 million a year.
D．“The most beautiful teacher” Zhang Lili is our good example.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

President Barack Obama has complained about the loss of privacy that comes with being leader of the United States, regretting the loss of simple pleasures such as a long walk or a trip to the car wash or supermarket.
"I just miss – I miss being unknown," he said. "I miss Saturday morning, rolling out of bed, not shaving, getting into my car with my girls, driving to the supermarket, squeezing the fruit, getting my car washed, taking walks. I can't take a walk."
His dream, he said, was to "go through Central Park and watch folks passing by ... spend the day watching people – I miss that".
Faced with criticism for playing more golf than most previous occupants of the White House, he explained that the sport was simply the best way of getting relaxed.
"It's the only excuse I have to get outside for four hours," he told Hearst magazines.
Though he said he enjoyed his life in the White House, he felt disillusioned（醒悟的，幻想破滅的） with the some of the ways of Washington, which he has failed to change, such as the "kabuki dance（日本歌舞）" among political parties before serious policy discussions begin. His comments may be seen as excuse by critics who have accused him of appearing too detached（漠然）, and being slow to engage in important issues such as Libya and the near shutdown of the US government last week.
Since arriving at the White House in January 2009, Mr Obama has already racked up（打）60 rounds of golf in office, more than George W Bush did in his eight years.
In terms of ability, Golf Digest magazine has ranked Mr Obama eighth out of the 18 presidents who played the game since it became established in the early 20th century.
小題1:What do the second paragraph and the third paragraph mainly tell us?     .
A．Obama wishes to enjoy simple pleasures.
B．Obama likes going shopping with his girls.
C．Obama likes to take a walk.
D．Obama likes to watch folks passing by.
小題2:According to Obama, he plays golf to ___________.
A．a(chǎn)void criticism
B．show his ability
C．get relaxed
D．show his advantage over the former presidents
小題3:What does the underlined word “It” refer to in the fifth paragraph?
A．Playing golf.B．Getting relaxed.
C．Changing some ways of Washington.D．Watching people
小題4:What is the best title of the passage?
A．Obama complains about lack of privacy as president
B．Obama can’t live a normal life
C．Obama is often criticized
D．Obama likes to play golf

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you know what your child is going to do when the school bell rings at the end of the day? More than 14 million students leave school every afternoon and have nowhere to go, since they do not have access to affordable after-school opportunities. According to the National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center (NYVPRC), nine out of ten Americans think all youths should have access to after-school programs, but two-thirds of parents say they have trouble finding programs locally. The bad news is that situation may be getting worse.
After-school hours are the peak time for juvenile crimes and risky behaviors, including alcohol and drug use. The NYVPRC states that children who do not spend any time in after-school activities are 49 percent more likely to use drugs and 37 percent more likely to become a teen parent. Kids are also at the highest risk of becoming a victim of violence after school, particularly between the hours of 2p.m. and 6p.m.. The highest amount of juvenile crime occurs between 3p.m. and 4p.m. , when most children are dismissed from school.
The NYVPRC defines after-school programs as safe and structured activities that offer children opportunities to learn new skills. The skills students learn can range from technology and math to reading and art. Some programs also offer opportunities for internship(實習), community services , or mentoring. These programs have been shown to improve academic achievements, as well as relieve the stresses on working families. A report by the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S. Department of justice shows that students in after –school programs have fewer behavioral problems and more self-confidence , and can handle conflicts better than students who are not involved with these programs. In addition, according to the Harvard Family Research Project, after-school programs help students from low-income families overcome the inequities (不公平) they face in the school system.
小題1:What is the theme of the passage?
A．Prevention of juvenile crimes.
B．Risks kids face after school.
C．A research report on the stresses of students.
D．The benefits of after-school programs.
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?
A．Most parents don’t believe in after-school programs.
B．Students are not willing to attend after-school programs.
C．It’s difficult for parents to find after-school programs for their children.
D．Parents don’t care about where their children go after school.
小題3:We learn from the second paragraph that __________________ .
A．the teachers should watch over kids after school
B．children are dismissed from school too late
C．a(chǎn)fter-school hours are a risky time for children
D．children should go home immediately school is over
小題4:The author of the passage probably __________.
A．fully support after-school programs
B．doubts the effects of after-school programs
C．believes structured activities are useless for children
D．thinks students today are too stressed
小題5:The underlined word “juvenile” in Paragraph 2 has a similar meaning to “_____” .
A．studentB．teenagerC．a(chǎn)dultD．campus

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There exist cruel wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, so it’s not only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us go through difficult times in our lives. Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling depressed, as the saying goes, makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker neighbor, close friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh, even if I don’t know the person I’m joking around with. My Grandma always found humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any situation, but also is a common manner to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face. They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke?
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to avoid the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. Therefore, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
小題1:According to the author, humor is useful in the aspect that ____________.
A．it can pick up people’s spirits
B．it can help people get on well with others
C．it can help get rid of the cruelty in the world
D．it makes people more confident
小題2:The author answers the question in the second paragraph with ___________.
A．facts and descriptionsB．evidence and argument
C．examples and conclusionD．stories and persuasion
小題3:The underlined phrase “busting a gut” in the 3rd paragraph can be replaced  by        .
A．keeping silentB．speaking loud
C．laughing hardD．explaining carefully
小題4:In writing the passage, the author mainly intends to __________.
A．talk about his own understanding of humor
B．encourage people to be humorous in daily life
C．introduce a practical way to get through daily life
D．convince people of the power of being optimistic about life
小題5:What is the author’s attitude towards the present world?
A．IndifferentB．PositiveC．SatisfiedD．Critical

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Believing overweight among school children is the result of bake sales, the Education Department of New York declared that bake sales will be banned all through the states, as a part of their new “wellness”policy.
The ban gives a harder time to schools tying to earn money，because of budget difficulties. Bake sales have proven to be highly profitable toward schools with young people because the start-up costs are very small. Allie，a Roslyn High School freshman , agrees that bake sales are needed for school supplies.“l(fā) think it’s wrong for schools to ban bake sales because a lot of schools need the money to be raised. Our school could really use the money for new uniforms.”Allie also commented on the bake sales apparent cause of child overweight. “I feel that it is the student’s choice to eat the baked goods. lf they want it, let them have it．”Jessica，another Roslyn High School freshman, had a different opinion.“I feel that children can not always stay away from items such as cupcakes. It might be better if the amount of bake sales were limited, and only allowed students to buy one item.”
New York Education advisors are having trouble coming up with substitute product for students to sell. A plan of advertising healthier foods has come into play. However the department needs to consider if students will go for items like vegetables. Allie and Jessica don’t think so.“Students might not like the healthier foods. This way, the schools are gaining less money.”Allie shares. Another plan to think about is the idea of not selling food products altogether. Alternate programs are being conducted throughout New York schools，such as walk-a-thons, as a healthy way for students to earn money for their schools．
小題1:The new “wellness”policy is declared in order to_______．
A．help schools out of budget difficulties
B．reduce child overweight caused by bake food
C．help students save money spent on food
D．reduce the price of bake food sold in schools
小題2:Which of the following statement about Allie is true? 
A．He is rich in experience about the bake sales at schoo1.
B．He agrees to carry out the bake sales ban at schools.
C．He attaches great importance to the school's income.
D．He attaches too much importance to students' health.
小題3:According to Jessica, the cupcakes____________
A．Don't belong to the bake salesB．Should't be banned at school
C．Mustn't be sold at schoolsD．can be fully replaced by vegetables
小題4:Which is both healthy and profitable way for schools to earn money?
A．The bake sales.B．The vegetables sales
C．The walk-a-thons.D．The food product sales．
小題5:We can infer from the passage that schools in New York always______.
A．sell baked food to studentsB．free students to choose food
C．find ways to earn moneyD．offer chances to earn money

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Subways
The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines
Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that make up of Tokyo’s huge subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya-- literally “pusher”--- who push passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your ride is hell.
The
Moscow Metro
Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers (枝行吊燈)，marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美壁畫). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden.
The Hong Kong MTR
Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit（利潤）. It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores ,supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95% of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card.
Shanghai Metro
Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.
The London Metro
Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in 1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”
小題1:______ is done with the purpose of making money.
A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei LinesB．The Moscow Metro
C．Shanghai Metro D．The Hong Kong MTR
小題2:We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro______.
A．carries the most people each day
B．is the world’s largest
C．may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future
D．is the busiest in the world
小題3:How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?
A．2B．3C．4D．5
小題4:What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Shanghai is the third to build a metro system in China, which has become the largest in the world.
B．You’ll feel sick when you travel on the Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines.
C．Londoners call their subway the Underground because 55 percent of it lies above ground.
D．It is estimated that 95% of the population in Hong Kong own an Octopus card

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案