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【題目】【1】 (expose) to smoking for a long time, you may find it hard to give it up. And the effects it has 【2】 you may die hard. But do you know 【3】 it is that results in such a situation? First, quantities of nicotine you get into your body【4】 (be) the source of your physical addiction. Second, your habit is to blame and you just can’t accustom 【5】 (you) to the absence of nicotine in your body. Third, most【6】 (probable), you can be mentally addicted and believe smoking makes you feel good. However, demanding as it is, you do not need to put up with the situation. Every time you feel 【7】(anxiety), just remember under no circumstances should you reach for a cigarette. It’s also suggested that help 【8】(need) if the situation is desperate. Of course, the most important is to 【9】 (strong) your resolve whenever you want to quit. And you can depend on it 【10】 you can completely get rid of it as long as you keep trying.

【答案】

【1】Having been exposed

【2】on

【3】what

【4】are

【5】yourself

【6】probably

【7】anxious

【8】be needed

【9】strengthen

【10】that

【解析】 本文主要介紹為何很難戒煙，以及如何戒煙。

【1】Having been exposed

考查省略句。長期接觸吸煙，你可能會覺得很難戒煙。expose…to…為固定搭配，意為“使…暴露于…，使…接觸….”。分析句子可知，expose的邏輯主語是you,使你接觸，要用被動，根據時間狀語“for a long time,”可知要用完成時，故用Having been exposed.

【2】on

考查固定搭配。Have an/the effect on…，為固定搭配，意為“對…有影響”。分析句子可知，And the effects it has _____2____是個定語從句。Effect是先行詞，在從句中作has的賓語，故要用介詞on.

【3】what

考查名詞從句。分析句子do you know ____3____ it is可知know后的 ____3____ it is是個賓語從句，而賓語從句中缺少了表語，缺少表語，要用what。句意：但是你知道是什么導致了這種情況嗎？

【4】are

考查主謂一致。句意：首先，大量的尼古丁進入你的身體是你身體上癮的根源。分析句子quantities of nicotine you get into your body __4__ the source of your physical addiction.可知quantities 是句子的主語時，謂語動詞要用復數，故be動詞要用are。

【5】yourself

考查反身代詞。句意：其次，你的習慣是有責任的，你就不能使自己習慣你體內沒有尼古丁。分析句子可知，是讓你自己習慣，故要用反身代詞。故用yourself。

【6】probably

考查固定搭配。句意：第三，最有可能的是，你可能在精神上上癮，并且相信吸煙會讓你感覺良好。most probably 為固定搭配，意為“最有可能，大概”。故用probably。

【7】anxious

考查形容詞作表語。句意：每當你感到焦慮的時候，記住，在任何情況下，你都不應該伸手去拿香煙。分析句子可知anxiety在句子中作系動詞feel的表語，因此要用形容詞anxious。

【8】be needed

考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。句意：還有人建議，如果情況緊急，就需要幫助。在英語中如果有表示建議，命令、要求等詞所帶的名詞從句要用虛擬語氣should+動詞原形，should可以省略。而本句中suggest表示建設，要用should+動詞原形。分析句子可知幫助help是被需要，故用(should)+be needed,因此填be needed。

【名詞辨析】一堅持”、二命令、三建議、四要求等后的賓語從句。

在表示“堅持”、“命令”、“建議”、“要求”等后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。這類動詞可歸納為“一個堅持(insist)、兩個命令(order, command)、三個建議(advise, suggest, propose)、四個要求(demand, require, request, ask)”這類虛擬語氣由“should+動詞原形”構成。其中的should在美國英語中通�？梢允÷�。如

He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他堅持要我同他們一起去。

He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。

The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 醫(yī)生建議他不要抽煙。

He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出場。

注：這類句子有時可用于被動結構，前面用先行詞it作主語代表后面的從句。如

It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 有人提議這事下次再討論。

It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.大家建議推遲會議。

It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 命令我們兩小時后到達那里

【9】strengthen

考查動詞不定式。句意：當然，最重要的是當你想放棄時，重要的是堅定你的決心。分析句子可知，動詞不定式to strengthen your resolve…是作表語的，strong是形容詞，故用其動詞strengthen。

【10】that

考查固定搭配。句意：你可以相信，只要你不斷努力，你就能完全擺脫它。depend on it that…為固定用法，意為“取決于”。所以填that。

動詞/動詞短語it that ……后面depend on/count on/rely on/ see to等這些詞組是帶介詞的動詞短語，不能直接接that引導的賓語從句。加it，能接受that賓語從句。that……引導的是同位語從句，就是指代it的內容。這樣的句式還有

1. sb. depend on/count on/rely on/ see to(負責，確保) / answer for it that…

如：You may rely on it that he won’t be late.

You must see to it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.

2.主語＋appreciate ＋it ＋ if－從句

如： I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.

3. 主語＋hate / dislike / love / like ＋it ＋ when－從句

如：I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

4.sb. take it for granted that… 認為……是理所當然的

如：I take it for granted that he will succeed.

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