閱讀理解：

　　If you want to keep your land fertile (肥沃), you must try to stop soil from being washed away by water or winds. When soil is taken away by running water or blowing winds, we call it soil erosion. Ways have been found to stop soil erosion and this is known as soil conservation (保持).

　　One way of stopping soil erosion is to grow small plants such as grasses. These plants are called cover crops, whose roots (根) hold the soil tightly together. It's difficult for rain water to wash away the soil. When trees and bushes (矮樹叢) are planted at the edges of an open field, soil erosion by strong winds cannot take place easily. The trees and bushes, which act as a very big and strong wall, protect the open land from the winds. The way to stop soil erosion on slopes (斜坡) is to build terraces (梯田) on the slope of hillside.

　　When the slope of a hillside is cut into “stairs”, water carrying soil cannot run straight down the terraces, which are used to slow down the speed of the falling water containing much soil in it. In this way most of the soil in the water is left behind on the terraces.

1．What takes place in soil erosion?

[　　]

A．Flood happens to the fertile land.

B．A large quantity of earth is carried away by water or winds.

C．Terraces are built on the slope of hillside.

D．Plants are grown to protect the open land.

2．The underlined words in this passage means “________”.

[　　]

A．grass roots

B．trees and bushes

C．small and low plants, such as grasses, to protect soil from being eroded away

D．covering plants that produce grain or vegetables

3．Trees and bushes are planted around an open field

[　　]

A．because their roots hold soil tightly

B．to prevent soil from being blown away by winds

C．to stop soil from being washed away

D．to keep soil wet

4．Which of the following can be used as the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．What Causes Soil Erosion?
B．The Importance of Conservation
C．Rain Erosion and Wind Erosion
D．Erosions and Ways to Fight It

5．Grasses, bushes, trees and terraces ________.

[　　]

A．can stop soil erosion

B．can stop soil from being washed away only

C．is called soil conservation

D．can stop soil from being blown away only

答案：B;C;B;D;A
解析：

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[　　]

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[　　]

A．

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　　A few days ago I asked my son's governess(女家庭教師)Julia to come into my study．“Be seated, Julia,”I said, “Let's settle our accounts．I guess you most likely need some money, but maybe you're too polite to mention it．Now then, we agreed on thirty dollars a month…”

　　“Forty．”

　　“No, thirty．I made a note of it．I always pay our governess thirty．Well, um, you've been here two months, so…”

　　“Two months and five days．”

　　“Exactly two months．I made a special note of it．That means you have sixty dollars coming to you．Take off nine Sundays…you know you didn't work with Tom on Sundays, you only took walks．And three holidays…”Julia was biting her finger nail nervously, her face red, but－not a word．

　　“Three holidays, therefore take off twelve dollars．Four days Tom was sick and there were no lessons, as you were occupied(從事)only with Dick．Three days you had a toothache and my wife gave you permission not to work after lunch．Twelve and seven-nineteen．Take nineteen off…that leaves…h(huán)mm…forty one dollars．Correct?”

　　Julia's left eye reddened with tears welling up．Her chin trembled; she coughed nervously and blew her nose, but－still not a word．

　　“Around New Year's Day you broke a teacup and a saucer; take off two dollars．The cup cost more, it was a treasure of the family, but － forget it．When didn't I take a loss! Then, due to your neglect(疏忽), Tom climbed a tree and tore his jacket; take away ten．Also due to your carelessness the maid stole Dick's shoes．You ought to watch everything! You get paid for it．So, that means five more dollars off．The tenth of January I gave ten dollars．”

　　“You didn't．” sobbed Julia．

　　“But I made a note of it．”

　　“Well…if you say so．”

　　“Take twenty seven from forty one－that leaves fourteen．”

　　Both her eyes were filled with tears．Beads of sweat stood on the thin pretty little nose．Poor girl!

　　“Only once was I given any money,” she whispered, her voice trembling, “and that was by your wife．Three dollars, nothing more．”

　　“Really? You see now, and I didn't know that! Take three from fourteen－that leaves eleven．Here's your money, my dear．Three, three, three, one and one．Here it is!”

　　I handed her eleven dollars．She took them and pocketed them．

　　“Merci(法語：謝謝),”she whispered．

　　I jumped to my feet and started pacing the room．I was overcome with anger．“For what, this ‘merci'?” I asked．

　　“For the money．”

　　“But you know I've cheated you－robbed you! I have actually stolen from you! Why this ‘merci'?”

　　“In my other places they didn't give me anything at all．”

　　“They didn't give you anything? No wonder! I played a little joke on you, a cruel lesson, just to teach you．．．I m going to give you all the eighty dollars! Here they are in the envelope all ready for you．．．Is it really possible to be so spineless(懦弱)?Why didn't you protest? Why were you silent? Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws(爪)－to be such a fool?”

　　Embarrassed, she smiled．And I could read her expression, “It is possible．”

　　I asked her pardon for the cruel lesson and, to her great surprise, gave her the eighty dollars．She murmured her little “merci” several times and went out．I looked after her and thought, “How easy it is to crush(壓榨)the weak in this world !”

(1)

What shocked the writer was Julia's ________．

[　　]

A．

nervousness in front of her boss

B．

acceptance of injustice(不公平)

C．

shyness when talking about money

D．

unwilling to express herself

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The writer said, “Is it possible in this world to be without teeth and claws?” He was actually telling the governess ________．

[　　]

A．

to be more aggressive(侵略的)

B．

to be more careful in her work

C．

to protect her right

D．

to live independently

(3)

At the end of the story, the writer said, “How easy it is to crush the weak in this world!” to show ________．

[　　]

A．

his understanding of Julia's anxiety

B．

his worry about Julia's future

C．

his concern on the living condition of working - class people

D．

his sympathy(同情)for the mental state of the weak

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From the story, we can tell that Julia's employer was ________．

[　　]

A．

greedy(貪婪)but honest

B．

ill - tempered but warm - hearted

C．

strict but forgiving

D．

none of the above

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