【題目】Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

【1】他說起意大利就好像親自去過似的。（as if）

【2】每天適度鍛煉不僅能保持健康，還能使人精力充沛。（basis）

【3】由于缺乏自律性，他在上網(wǎng)課的時候忍不住偷看手機(jī)。（help）

【4】即便患有肺癌，他還是用兩年的時間航游世界，其中四分之一的時間是在非洲度過的。（Despite）

【答案】

【1】He talked about Italy as if he had been there before.

【2】Exercising moderately on a daily basis can not only keep you healthy, but also make you energetic.

【3】Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he can’t help glancing at the phone when having online courses.

【4】Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.

【解析】

本題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)漢語意思用所給的詞或短語翻譯句子。此種題首先要分析所給的漢語句意及具體的考查詞的用法，明確考核的要點(diǎn)，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語搭配。這不僅要用所給的詞匯進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g，同時還要注意翻譯句子時要根據(jù)具體的語境，一定要避免漢語式的英語翻譯。

【1】考查as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句�！罢f起意大利”可翻譯為“talked about Italy”，as if意為“仿佛，好像”，它引導(dǎo)的從句中使用虛擬語氣，此處表示與過去事實相反，從句應(yīng)使用過去完成時。因此“好像親自去過似的”可譯為“he had been there before”。因此句子“他說起意大利就好像親自去過似的�！笨勺g為：He talked about Italy as if he had been there before.

【2】考查固定短語。“每天”可翻譯為“on a daily basis”，“適度鍛煉”可譯為“exercise moderately”，它在從句中作主語，應(yīng)使用動名詞的形式�！安粌H……還……”可譯為“not only…but also…”。因此句子“每天適度鍛煉不僅能保持健康，還能使人精力充沛。”可譯為：exercising moderately on a daily basis can not only keep you healthy, but also make you energetic.

【3】考查固定短語�！坝捎凇笨煞g為“due to”，“缺乏”可翻譯為“lack of”，“忍不住”可翻譯為“can’t help doing”�！巴悼词謾C(jī)”可翻譯為“glance at the phone”�！吧暇W(wǎng)課的時候”可以使用when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句：when he is having online courses，因為主句的主語和從句一致，因此可以省略從句中的he is。所以“由于缺乏自律性，他在上網(wǎng)課的時候忍不住偷看手機(jī)�！笨勺g為：Due to the lack of his self-discipline, he can’t help glancing at the phone when having online courses.

【4】考查介詞despite的用法和同位語從句及定語從句�！凹幢慊加蟹伟ǖ氖聦崳笨煞g為“despite the fact that he had lung cancer”，其中that引導(dǎo)同位語從句�！坝脙赡甑臅r間航游世界”可翻譯為“spend 2 years sailing around the world”。 “其中四分之一的時間是在非洲度過的” 可翻譯為“of which a quarter was spent in Africa”。of which是介詞+which的結(jié)構(gòu)，可以用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，介詞of表示所屬關(guān)系，which指代先行詞2 years，從句使用被動語態(tài)，整個句子中出現(xiàn)的動詞均使用一般過去時態(tài)。所以“即便患有肺癌，他還是用兩年的時間航游世界，其中四分之一的時間是在非洲度過的�！笨勺g為：Despite the fact that he had lung cancer, he still spent 2 years sailing around the world, of which a quarter was spent in Africa.

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