Question

【題目】 I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable(好客的) and friendly—but only once they had been introduced to new people.

However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.

I experienced Italian hospitality first－hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling, one afternoon, from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was berated(斥責(zé)) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat－it had not been “spare” after all. I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he, too, realized my genuine mistake. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the remainder of the journey. The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.

Transport also featured in the differences I noticed between English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone else's privacy. However, when I travelled across the United States, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not.

【1】What do we know about the occupants of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy?

A.They all laughed at the author for his mistake.

B.They would not bear a mistake like the author's in public.

C.They were all on the side of the gentleman.

D.They all showed their understanding of the author's mistake.

【2】The author probably believes the Italian people are________.

A.coldB.rude

C.hospitableD.helpful

【3】According to the last paragraph, English passengers sat in near silence because________.

A.they were all strangers to each other

B.they were too tired to speak

C.privacy was a valued tradition in England

D.everybody had their own share of privacy

【4】The purpose of the author is to tell us ________.

A.his travelling experience

B.cultural differences to show hospitality and politeness

C.the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US

D.how to adapt ourselves to a new culture

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

本文屬于記敘文。本文主要講述了作者通過自己在不同國家的旅行經(jīng)歷來告訴大家，不同文化里人們對禮貌的定義是不相同的。

【1】推理判斷題。從文章第三段The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them“車廂里的其他乘客對我微笑著點頭，讓我覺得自己在他們中間很受歡迎”。可知，車廂里所有的人都對作者點頭微笑，說明他們理解作者的錯誤，對作者的錯誤很寬容。故選D。

【2】推理判斷題。從文章第三段He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat，and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the remainder of the journey“他微笑著做手勢讓我坐在座位上，而他自己則一直站在走廊上，直到旅途結(jié)束”�？芍�，老人自己站著，讓作者坐著，其他的人也都友好地微笑，說明意大利人很熱情友好。故選C。

【3】推理判斷題。文章最后一段Nobody spoke to me nor，as I expected，to anyone else they did not know．They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else's privacy“沒有人跟我說話，正如我所料，也沒有人跟他們不認識的人說話。他們認為打擾別人的隱私是不禮貌的”。因此推斷，英國乘客都不說話是因為他們國家的傳統(tǒng)認為探究別人的隱私是很不禮貌的。故選C。

【4】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable(好客的) and friendly—but only once they had been introduced to new people.“我在英國出生和長大，那里的文化重視隱私和“讓自己獨處”。不鼓勵和陌生人說話。人們是最好客和友好的——但只有當(dāng)他們被介紹給新的人�！焙臀恼伦詈笠欢�However，when I travelled across the United States，whether by plane or Greyhound bus，I was never short of conversation“然而，當(dāng)我在美國旅行時，無論是乘飛機還是乘灰狗汽車，我從不缺乏交談。” 作者的目的是告訴我們好客和禮貌的文化差異。故選B。

做推理判斷題時，對于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動機、事件的因果關(guān)系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點等要進行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進一步增強理解能力，抓住材料實質(zhì)性的東西。本題第3小題，文章最后一段Nobody spoke to me nor，as I expected，to anyone else they did not know．They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else's privacy“沒有人跟我說話，正如我所料，也沒有人跟他們不認識的人說話。他們認為打擾別人的隱私是不禮貌的”。說明，英國乘客都不說話，因為他們國家的傳統(tǒng)認為探究別人的隱私是很不禮貌的。故選C。