【題目】Translation:

【1】我很榮幸被邀請到這里來演講。(honor)

【2】無論誰犯錯(cuò)，都不能免于受批評。(spare,主語從句)

【3】那位嚴(yán)格的老師嘗試了許多新的教學(xué)方法來滿足不同學(xué)生的需要。(meet)

【答案】

【1】I’m honored to have been invited to make a speech here.

【2】Whoever makes mistakes shouldn’t be spared from criticism.

【3】The strict teacher tried many new teaching methods to meet the needs of different students.

【解析】

【1】考查固定短語、時(shí)態(tài)以及不定式完成式的用法。分析句子可知，說我現(xiàn)在很榮幸，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，固定短語be honored to do “做……是很榮幸的”。又因?yàn)槭艿窖埵且呀?jīng)發(fā)生的事，邏輯主語是I，可知“我是被邀請”的，故該動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)，所以要用不定式完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)to have been invited， 再根據(jù)全句漢語提示。故翻譯為：I’m honored to have been invited to make a speech here.

【2】考查主語從句。分析句子可知，“無論誰犯錯(cuò)”是一個(gè)句子，在整個(gè)句中作主語，說的是一般狀況，所以該主語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)：Whoever makes mistakes，注意whoever是從句主語，所以謂語要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。而動(dòng)詞spare意思是“使某人免遭麻煩”，與主語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)：be spared from。再根據(jù)全句漢語提示，故翻譯為：Whoever makes mistakes shouldn’t be spared from criticism.

【3】考查不定式作目的狀語和時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，“來滿足不同學(xué)生的需要”在本句中作目的狀語，目的狀語總是用不定式充當(dāng)，所以翻譯成to meet the needs of different students。而本句說的是發(fā)生過的事情，所以謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)“tried”。再根據(jù)全句漢語提示，故翻譯為：The strict teacher tried many new teaching methods to meet the needs of different students.

不定式的完成式to have done主要表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作——既可能是表示先于謂語動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，也可能是先于某個(gè)特定時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成。如：

He seems to have been hurt. 他似乎受傷了。

It’s a mistake to have come here. 來到這里是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。

I expect to have finished by tomorrow evening. 我看明天晚上之前可以完成。

第一句的意思是，“他受傷”在先，然后人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他好像是受傷了；第二句的意思是，“來到這里”在先，然后才發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，第三句的意思是，“完成”在先，先于特定時(shí)間tomorrow evening。所以第1小題“受到邀請”動(dòng)作在先，然后才感覺到很榮幸。故也要用不定式的完成式。

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