Gene technology to benefit people
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic talked about by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only can these two diseases be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life can be longer.
Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary (遺傳的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing with hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to make human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.
【小題1】What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to?

A．Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B．The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.
C．Hereditary disease and cancer.
D．Cancer and heart disease.
【小題2】In what way can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases?
A．Using gene technology, a scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
B．Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can live longer.
C．Using gene technology, human babies can also be cloned.
D．Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
【小題3】What is the main purpose of writing the text?
A．Explaining that gene technology will also do great harm to human race.
B．Telling the readers the positive effects gene technology has on people’s life.
C．Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.
D．Informing people that gene technology helps clone babies in large quantities.


【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】C

解析試題分析：本文介紹了基因技術(shù)，詳細(xì)講述了基因技術(shù)對(duì)健康的好處
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)上文的such as cancer and heart disease.可知每年造成數(shù)百萬(wàn)人死亡的元兇就是癌癥和心臟病，故選D。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第三段最后一句But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.可知基因技術(shù)被應(yīng)用于治愈家族病�？茖W(xué)家可以找到錯(cuò)誤的基因，糾正它，從而生出健康的孩子，故選A。
【小題3】推斷題：通讀全文可知文章主要講述了基因技術(shù)對(duì)人類的好處以及作者的觀點(diǎn)。故選C。
考點(diǎn)：考查健康類短文閱讀

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Depressed people can be very difficult to be around，and yet they need more than the usual amount of support and understanding from their friends and family.
The anger and lack of concern that a depressed person may have for people close to him or her can be very disturbing to someone who's trying to help.At such times，the sincerity of a friend or a family member is questioned when the depressed person doesn't feel worthy of someone's friendship.Withdrawal from others can make it nearly impossible to encourage a depressed person to enter into activities that may help pull him or her out of the depression.
It is frequently difficult for a depressed person to carry on a conversation.Attempts to help may be met with defensiveness and verbal attacks.While being supportive and understanding，the friend of a family member must be careful not to do too many things for the depressed person.There is a very thin line between being supportive and being overly protective.Too much“doing for” can be a disservice(幫倒忙)．
You can best help a friend or relative who is depressed by considering the following points：
◆Do not moralize.Don't pressure him or her to “put on a happy face，” or to “snap out of it.” Often the person will feel even worse after hearing such words.
◆When you are alone with your depressed friend，you might say something like，“I've noticed lately that you seem down.I care about you and would like to listen to what you're thinking about.” Then be a good listener.
◆Don't say，“I know exactly how you feel.” You probably don't.But if you've had similar experiences，sharing those may help.Say things like，“This happened to me.It might help you.” Or “I know some of what you must be feeling.”
◆Urge him or her to get professional help if necessary.Offer to accompany your friend on the first visit if it will be easier for the person.
【小題1】．The above passage is mainly intended for ________.

A．a(chǎn) doctor who works with a depressed person
B．a(chǎn) depressed person
C．one who lives with a depressed person
D．a(chǎn)n expert who gives advice to a depressed person
【小題2】Too much “doing for” can ________.
A．cause more severe depression
B．give the depressed person courage
C．result in defensiveness from the depressed person
D．be of no help to the depressed person
【小題3】What are you advised to say to a depressed person?
A．Try to look happy and you'll be better.
B．I know exactly how you feel.
C．I had a similar experience.And it might help you.
D．Cheer up and get rid of your depression.
【小題4】We can infer from the second paragraph that a depressed person ________.
A．is willing to appreciate the sincerity of a friend or a family member
B．has a sense of pride of his own
C．may do something unreasonable to your friendship
D．is likely to doubt the purpose of a friend or family member

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Now Hear This
What do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common.'? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the public's attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music.
Temporary hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.
"What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but they're not dead," says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, it's possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, "Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged." And this is no small problem.
What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分貝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Here's another measurement you can use. If you're at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you' re at risk for hearing loss. That's when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.
The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume.'? Most aren't. "Rock music is supposed to be loud," says drummer Andrew Sather.  "I wouldn't have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. "
Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, "There's no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. "

Levels of Common Noises
Normal conversation                           50 — 65 dB
Food blender                                  88 dB
Jet plane flying above a person standing outside      103 dB
Rock band during a concert                      110 — 140 dB
【小題1】From Paragraph 1, we can learn that                   .
A．loud music is a major cause of hearing loss
B．famous people tend to have hearing problems
C．teenagers should stay away from school bands
D．the problem of hearing damage is widely known
【小題2】In Paragraph 3, the underlined word "recondition" means                .
A．not to be seenB．to fill with sound
C．to become larger in sizeD．to make good again
【小題3】The purpose of the chart at the end of the article is to show                   .
A．a(chǎn) list of harmful sounds
B．the effect of rock concerts
C．the noise levels of familiar sounds
D．relationship between daily activities and hearing loss
【小題4】Which of the following statements will Dr. Sam Levine probably agree?
A．When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead.
B．Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice.
C．Many are taking the risk of losing hearing.
D．Doctors know how to cure hearing loss.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物質(zhì)), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
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【小題1】What might be the best title of the passage?

A．Signals of air pollution
B．Safety limits of air pollution
C．Air pollution, cancer risk
D．Air pollution, smog risk
【小題2】What’s the main task of IARC?
A．To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B．To evaluate the air quality.
C．To study the developing risk of cancer.
D．To send signals to the international community.
【小題3】Why should the international community take action without further delay?
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B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C．Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.

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People born in winter are more likely to suffer mental health disorders, according to a recent study carried out by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee.
Researchers raised baby mice from birth to weaning (斷奶) in either “summer” light cycles of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark or “winter” cycles of 8 hours of light and 16 hours of dark. A third group experienced 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark a day.
Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. The summer mice were similarly split. The mice raised in equal periods of light and dark were split into three groups, one of which stayed on the 12­hour schedule, one of which joined the winter group, and one of which joined the summer group.
After 28 days, it turns out the summer­born mice behaved the same whether they stayed on the summer cycle or switched to winter. But among the winter­born mice, those stayed in winter kept their previous schedule, while those that switched to summer stayed active for an extra hour and a half, which indicates that mice born and weaned in a winter light cycle showed dramatic disruptions in their biological clocks.
The finding is the first of its kind in mammals, and it could explain why people born in winter are at higher risk for mental health disorders including bipolar depression, schizophrenia and seasonal affective disorder.
“We know that the biological clock regulates mood in humans，”said study researcher McMahon. “If the mechanism (機(jī)制) similar to the one that we found in mice operates in humans, then it could not only have an effect on a number of behavioral disorders, but also have a more general effect on personality.”
【小題1】How many groups of mice are there finally in all in the experiment?

A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.
【小題2】What's the main idea of the text?
A．The biological clock regulates mood in humans.
B．People born in winter are at higher risk for physical health disorders.
C．Being born in winter has a negative effect on people's mental health.
D．The length of light will influence the behavior of the mice.
【小題3】The underlined word “split”(Paragraph 3) can be replaced by ________.
A．ended B．torn C．hit D．divided
【小題4】Who is the appropriate reader of the passage?
A．A job­hunter. B．A student in the university.
C．A newly­married couple. D．An experienced dentist.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Imagine you are doing this reading in this text on the computer; what else are you doing? Maybe you’re eating a sandwich or drinking a cup of Starbucks. Should you eat while reading?
There aren’t many believable numbers, but we do know the number of people who eat while sitting in front of some type of screen is growing. A recent study found that 33 percent of families always have the TV on during meal times and another 27 percent people have it on at least half the time. Another 10 percent may be texting, emailing or talking on a cell phone while eating.
Any type of these behaviors is bad, considering the following evidence:
A Canadian study found that children who watch more than three hours of cartoons a day are 50 percent more likely to be fat than children who watch fewer than two hours. The researchers concluded that more than 60 percent of overweight incidents can be connected with screen watching too much.
A three-week study found that adults who usually play with smartphones less burned 119 more calories per day.
One Chicago researcher found that people eat more potato chips while reading online than when they have the laptop turned off.
There has been very little investigation(調(diào)查) into eating with your eyes staring at a screen or reading a book, but it is likely that his mindless eating is related to weight gain. Simply speaking, your brain has no idea what is going on with your mouth because it is occupied by other things. You don’t notice how full your stomach is, and you often don’t even notice the taste or the act of chewing and swallowing, as a result of which, developing an adapted dietary habit is a must.
【小題1】The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with ________.

A．stories and explanations 
B．examples and investigations 
C．a(chǎn)n argument and evidence 
D．facts and descriptions 
【小題2】Which of the following statement is true?
A．Being focused while eating is a good way to have a good figure. 
B．Adults’ weight is not affected by their eating habits. 
C．There exist many investigations into eating while reading. 
D．This text must be found on a website. 
【小題3】What can be the best title of this passage? 
A．How Should You Lose Weight? 
B．Should You Do Other Things While Eating? 
C．Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Habits 
D．TV and Eating 
【小題4】What will the author probably continue to write?
A．Express healthy eating ways. 
B．Give more useful investigations into eating.  
C．Describe the study about the old who watch less TV while eating.  
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

I am wearing a small red ribbon this morning to remind myself and others around me that today is World AIDS Day.
The red ribbon, an international symbol of AIDS awareness, is gaining increasing public recognition as more Chinese, from top leaders to movie stars, wear it today.
Gone were the days when the topic of HIV/AIDS was a public and media taboo(禁忌). Over the past few years, we have watched, read and heard many stories from doctors, volunteers and public health officials at the forefront of HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment.
Quite a few people with HIV/AIDS have come forward to share their experiences on TV or in the media.
The local and central governments have become more forthcoming (be helpful) with their new prevention and treatment programmes, and financial input. The latter rose from less than 1 million yuan (US$ 121,000) in 1986 to a pledge of 800 million yuan (US$98.8 million) in the year of 2006.
The change from silence to public and media campaigns with official promises has been remarkable, especially since China battled through the SARS crisis.
But have we got a full understanding on HIV/AIDS? What do we know about the extent of HIV/AIDS in China?
The figures, ranging from confirmed cases to estimates, remain debated. After all, no more than a year has passed since the policy of free medical tests was make public. Unknown numbers from the high-risk groups drug addicts and people working in sex- related place as well as farmers who once sold blood could still be reluctant to come forward.
【小題1】What does the red ribbon stand for?

A． AIDS awareness B．World AIDS Day 
C． AIDS D．AIDS prevention and treatment 
【小題2】Which of the following is Not true according to the text?
A．The topic of HIV/AIDS was a public and media taboo in the past. 
B．The topic of HIV/AIDS is now still a public and media taboo. 
C．Now a lot of people with HIV/AIDS have come forward to share their experiences on TV. 
D．The writer wears a small red ribbon because today is World AIDS Day. 
【小題3】In paragraph 5 “The latter” refers to ____________________.
A．new prevention programmes B．financial input 
C．new treatment programmes D．the central governments 
【小題4】What is the best title of the passage?
A．The Red Ribbon B．Help people with AIDS 
C．About AIDS D．Always keep red ribbon in sight 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:
8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life
1. Eat Blueberries
Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon（結(jié)腸） cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.
2. Drink Pomegranate（石榴）Juice
The deep red juice of the pomegranate contains polyphenols, isoflavones and ellagic acid, which together create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may inhibit the growth of lung cancer.
3. Relax
Feeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!
4. Take Selenium（硒）
Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4 year period, they cut their prostate（前列腺） cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, meats and grains carefully.
5. Eat Sushi（壽司）
Seaweed may not be your idea of a great snack, but it is high in fiber, calcium and iron, and dry, roasted seaweed sheets used in sushi provide the additional benefits of vitamins A and C. Sushi rolls are also high in protein— a typical spicy tuna roll has only 290 calories but packs 24 grams of protein. So don’t skimp（節(jié)省）on the Sushi!
6. Enjoy the Outdoors
Vitamin D causes early death of cancer cells. A study published in the American Journey of Clinical Nutrition reported that women who supplemented their diets with 1,000 international. Units of vitamin D every day had a 60 percent to 77 percent lower incidence of cancer ever a four-year period that did women taking a placebo(無(wú)效對(duì)照劑). Experts recommend supplementing your fun in the sun with 1,100 to 2,000IU of vitamin D each day.
7. Breathe Clean Air
There’s no question that secondhand smoke kills. A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen（致癌物質(zhì)） in their urine（尿） than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. What’s worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every hour worked. Nine states have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke.
8. Break a Sweat
Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of metastasis(轉(zhuǎn)移性) prostate cancer than men who didn’t work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.
【小題1】To prevent yourself from catching colon cancer, you should eat ____ as often as possible.

A．sushiB．blueberriesC．pomegranatesD．Vitamin D
【小題2】A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if ______.
A．he is very fond of exercise every day.
B．he is addicted to smoking
C．he is always feeling extremely stressed or worried
D．he likes to have meals in restaurants
【小題3】If you want to keep cancer away, it is particularly important to ______.
A．have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C
B．try to ignore the secondhand smoking
C．take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possible
D．having exercise as often as possible

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

Are you having too much salt? You might not think so, but people in China eat on average (平均) about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much higher than the 6 grams suggested by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without realizing it, because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt cause? To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. It is made of sodium (鈉) and chloride (氯化物). Salt is used to keep and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride to work.
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been connected with other conditions, such as heart and kidney (腎) problems.
If you want to cut down on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips:
*Cut back on high salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, pickles (泡菜), smoked fish and chips are almost always high in salt because of the way they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have these in smaller amounts, or eat them less often.
*Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals (谷物) are major source of salt in the diet, not that they’re necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you’re shopping, take the time to compare the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to choose the ones lower in salt.
*Avoid adding salt to cooking and at table. Instead, you could use herbs and spices (香料) such as garlic (大蒜) and lemon juice to add flavor to meals.
【小題1】Many people in China don’t realize they are eating too much salt because ______.

A．salty food tasted better than reduced salt food
B．they do not calculate the amount of salt they eat
C．a(chǎn)bout 3/4 of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy
D．few people experience problems from eating too much salt
【小題2】 For a healthier life, the author’s suggestion is to ________.
A．cut back on food with less salt
B．eat less heavily salted food
C．eat as much reduced salt bread as is wanted
D．stop eating bread and breakfast cereals
【小題3】What is the purpose of the article?
A．To warn people of food containing too much salt.
B．To inform people of the right amount of salt taken each day.
C．To advise people to be careful about the amount of salt they eat.
D．To promote (促進(jìn)) the right way to make reduced salt food.

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