13.We may all have some experiences like this.We have gone away from"mad men"in the street,only to realize that they are in fact using a Bluetooth headset.Now a new University of Pennsylvania study shows that muttering can actually help people find lost objects-in other words,saying the name of an object helps you find it more quickly.
Previous work has suggested that speaking aloud while performing step-by-step tasks,like tying shoelaces,can help kids guide their behavior and let them focus on the job in hand.However,scientists were not sure if speaking aloud when performing tasks could help adults in the same way,especially when looking for particular objects.Professor Gary Lupan and Daniel Swingley,writing for the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,carried out some experiments.They hopes to give the fact that next time you lose your keys,muttering"keys,keys,keys"can in fact help you find them.
Inspired by viewing people muttering to themselves as they try to find things like peanut butter in a supermarket,the researchers conducted two experiments to see if this actually worked.In the first,participants were shown 20 pictures of various objects and were asked to find a certain one,with some seeing a text label(標(biāo)簽) telling them what they were looking for.These participants were then asked to search for the object again while saying the word to themselves,with results showing that saying it aloud helped people find the object more quickly.
The second experiment saw participants performing a shopping task,where they were shown photographs of items commonly found on supermarket shelves.They were asked to find all examples of a particular item,so if they were asked for apples they had to find all the bags of apples,as quickly as possible.The researchers found that there was also an advantage in saying the name of the product aloud when they were searching for something family.
The University of Pennsylvania study shows that muttering can actually help people reach the target object-in other words,muttering to oneself helps to focus the mind on something.It works more effectively than seeing a written description.Repeating the word over and over again helps even more.
25.The second paragraph tells us thatD.
A.muttering helps people to control their behavior
B.muttering has the same effect on both kids and adults
C.it is really hard to carry out the experiments on adults
D.it is easier for kids to do step-by-step tasks by muttering
26.According to passage,uttering can help people in a way thatC.
A.it completely controls people's mind
B.it directly explains people's behavior
C.they concentrate more on their job at hand
D.they reduce their pressure from their mind
27.The two experiments mentioned in the passage show thatD.
A.participants were better at doing the shopping task
B.it took the participants the same time to find the objects
C.showing pictures of the items helped find them more quickly
D.participants saying aloud the word found the object more quickly
28.The passage is written mainly to tell usA.
A.effects of muttering
B.how to find lost objects
C.what to mutter to yourself
D.methods of remembering objects.
分析 短文通過實驗證明了當(dāng)你在找東西時,嘴里念叨著這事物,能讓你更快找到它.
解答 25.D,細節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)句子Previous work has suggested that speaking aloud while performing step-by-step tasks,like tying shoelaces,can help kids guide their behavior and let them focus on the job in hand可知,當(dāng)孩子在完成一步一步的任務(wù)時,嘴里念叨著能更容易完成任務(wù),故答案為D.
26.C,細節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)句子muttering to oneself helps to focus the mind on something可知,念叨著事情能讓人們集中精力于某一事物,故答案為C.
27.D,推理判斷題,根據(jù)句子with results showing that saying it aloud helped people find the object more quickly和The researchers found that there was also an advantage in saying the name of the product aloud when they were searching for something family.可知,這兩個實驗表明當(dāng)在找事物時,嘴里念叨著會更快找到,故答案為D.
28.A,主旨大意題,短文通過實驗證明了當(dāng)你在找東西時,嘴里念叨著這事物,能讓你更快找到它,因此目的在于告訴我們念叨的效果,故答案為A.
點評 解答任務(wù)型閱讀理解題,首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意.因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料.其次,細讀題材,各個擊破.掌握全文的大意之后,細細閱讀每篇材料后的問題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時,要有較強的針對性.對于捕獲到的信息,要做認真分析,仔細推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準.