16.Electric cars are dirty.In fact,not only are they dirty,but they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.
People in California love to talk about"zero-emissions (排放) vehicles",but people in California seem tobe clueless about where electricity comes from.Power plants(工廠) mostly use fire to make it.Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells,we get our electricity from generators (發(fā)電機(jī)).Generators are fueled by something-usually coal,oil,but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants.There are a few wind farms and geothermal (地?zé)幔?nbsp;plants as well,but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.
In other words,those"zero-emissions"cars are likely coal-burning cars.Because the coal is burned somewhere else,it looks clean.It is not true.It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes-"If I can't see it,it's not happening."Gasoline is an incredibly (極其) efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it.But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity,you waste a nice part of that energy,mostly in the form of wasted heat--at the generator,through the transmission lines,etc.
A gallon of gas may drive your car 25miles.But the electricity you get from that gallon of gaswon't get you nearly as far-so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones.If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal,or solar,then an electric car truly would be clean.But for political,technical,and economic reasons,we don't use much of those energy sources.
In addition,electric cars'batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill (垃圾填埋場).And finally,when cars are the polluters,the pollution is spread across all the roads.When it's a power plant,though,all the junk is in one place.Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated,but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.
32.Which of the following words can replace"be clueless about"in Paragraph 2?C
A.be familiar with
B.be curious about
C.fail to understand
D.show their interest in
33.The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car runC.
A.a(chǎn)t least 25miles
B.more than 25miles
C.less than 25miles
D.a(chǎn)s far as 25miles
34.In the author's opinion,compared with cars using gas,electric cars are moreB.
A expensive.
B.harmful
C.efficient
D.environmentally-friendly
35.It can be inferred from the passage thatD.
A.electric cars'batteries are no longer poisonous in the landfill
B.now electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousins
C.zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environment
D.electric cars are not clean since we get electricity mainly by burning something.
分析 電動車真的沒有污染嗎?實(shí)際上并不是這樣的,電動車比現(xiàn)在的汽車可能會導(dǎo)致更多的污染,因?yàn)樗褂玫碾,仍然是需要靠燃燒煤炭的資源來實(shí)現(xiàn)的.
解答 32---35 CCBD
32.C詞義猜測題.根據(jù)文章第二段People in California love to talk about"zero-emissions(排放)vehicles",but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from.說明加利福尼亞的人喜歡談?wù)摿闩欧诺钠,但是加利福尼亞的人似乎對電源的來源不清楚.該詞應(yīng)該指不清楚,不理解,故選C.
33.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段1,2行A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles.But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far可知從1加侖汽油中得到的電最少可以讓你的車行駛25英里,故選C.
34.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后兩段But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far---so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones.以及electric cars'batteries which are poisonous for a long time,不僅僅是電動車的需要的能源更多,而且電動車的電池也會導(dǎo)致污染,故電動車是對環(huán)境是更有害的,故選B.
35.D推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容generators are fueled by something----usually coal,oil,but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants可知電動車所需要的電,是需要通過燃燒煤炭等自然資源的,所以電動車并不如人們所認(rèn)為的那樣清潔無污染,故選D.
點(diǎn)評 做閱讀時經(jīng)常犯錯的主要原因是,僅憑讀過文章后殘留在腦海中的一絲印象來勾選答案,這樣便很容易掉入出題人故意設(shè)布下的題目陷阱.所謂閱讀理解,對于題目的理解一定要忠實(shí)于原文,因此,每一道題都應(yīng)該與原文作全面的對比與核查,再得出答案.也就是說,閱讀理解的每一道題目,在原文都應(yīng)該有明確的出處,我們把這一出處叫做原文相關(guān)句,(1)排除與原文相關(guān)句主題不一致的選項(xiàng)(2)排除與原文相關(guān)句態(tài)度相反的選項(xiàng) (3)排除用于過于極端或負(fù)面的選項(xiàng)(4)注意結(jié)合文章主旨和主題去排除.