Question

Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day? According to the survey made by a famous university in the USA, most people have the experience.

“People often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks,” says Peter Bregman, the head of the survey. “They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what’s difficult or boring, so they jump out,” he says. The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain’s emotional center. Any strong emotion —quarrels with colleagues, problems at home —can interrupt our attention. Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.

Refocusing is hard for many people. Robert Epstein suggests the following, “Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes. Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind. Go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly, hold it and breathe out very slowly. This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus.”

Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors.“Setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness,”Mr. Bregman says.“You have to inform yourself that you’ve lost focus in order to do something about it.” Starting the day with a to-do list is also important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. But if it’s overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a state of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. “Choosing three or four things as your priority (優(yōu)先) for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus,” he says.

1.According to the passage, which is NOT the reason why some people can be distracted from their work?

A. They don’t want to be devoted to their work.

B. They are disturbed by the Internet and other things.

C. They can’t find interest in their work.

D. They feel their work is too hard for them.

2.Which incident might not interrupt your attention?

A. You were scolded by your teacher.

B. You had words with your good friend.

C. You went to school at six as usual.

D. Your mother and father had a quarrel.

3.According to Robert Epstein, how can we refocus on what we should do?

A. Listen to rock music for some time.

B. Turn to your good friends or teachers for help.

C. Run around the playground for some time.

D. Take a breath from time to time.

4.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “restore”in the passage?

A. recover B. reform

C. release D. react

Answer 1

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一則論說文，分析了人們無法集中注意力工作或?qū)W習的原因并提出了幾條提高注意力的建議。

1. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句的后半部分“but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day?”可知B項是人們走神的原因之一；根據(jù)第二段的第一句“People often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks”可知C項和D項也是人們走神的原因，只有A項“他們不想認真工作”沒有提到，故選A。

2.推理判斷題 根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二、三句“The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain’s emotional center. Any strong emotion —quarrels with colleagues, problems at home —can interrupt our attention. ”可知，被老師責備、與好朋友吵架及父母親爭吵都可能讓人分神，而C項“如往常六點去學(xué)校”不會影響情緒，故選C。

3. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的幾點建議可知，要想重新集中注意力，可以聽些舒緩的音樂而非搖滾樂，深呼吸一次，做些不劇烈的運動如散散步，向老師或好友傾訴等，排除A、C、D三項，故選B。

4. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可知，聽音樂等的一系列動作可以放松緊張情緒，能讓你的注意力重新回來，因此A 項“從...中恢復(fù)”符合題意，選A。

考點：考查日常生活類短文閱讀