With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills （泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．
Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．
Of all of today's environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．
Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Scilly Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．
Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run.
We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power （太陽能） , electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．
If the world's millions of cars were 10% more efficient （高效的）—and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient，we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．
【小題1】What is the passage mainly talking about?

A．Oil spills pollution．　　　B．What oil pollution is
C．Oil tanker accidents.D．How to reduce oil pollution
【小題2】How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
A．By giving a description．B．By making an argument
C．By giving an example．D．By drawing a diagram
【小題3】What does the underlined word "risk" in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Transportation depending more on oil
B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally
C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea
D．More environmental damage being caused
【小題4】Which suggestion, is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
A．We should build safer tankers in the near future
B．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use
C．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines
D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea


【小題1】A
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】Ｂ

解析試題分析：石油泄漏？環(huán)境污染？為了讓交通動(dòng)力充足，政府愿意承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)運(yùn)輸石油。然而石油泄漏對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的影響不可小覷。作者提出開發(fā)新能源、生產(chǎn)高效汽車的方法來減少這種影響。
【小題1】主題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容：隨著經(jīng)常的警報(bào)，我們讀到石油泄漏事故在陸地附近，給人們、大自然和環(huán)境造成可怕的后果。判斷選A。
【小題2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的例證，1967年在英國(guó)海岸附近的Scilly Isles發(fā)生了石油泄漏事件，而如果現(xiàn)在去看，你很難看到石油的痕跡了。由此判斷選擇C。
【小題3】詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章上文提及石油泄漏會(huì)污染破壞環(huán)境，但政府仍然愿意冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)。C項(xiàng)石油泄漏進(jìn)海里導(dǎo)致的就是環(huán)境污染。推斷D最佳。
【小題4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容和最后一句話，作者提倡使用新能源、提高車輛燃料的效率。由此判斷B最佳。
考點(diǎn)：科普環(huán)保類短文閱讀。

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A．To introduce the topic for discussion. 
B．To inform us that mobile phones are useful. 
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【小題1】The first paragraph is mainly about______.

A．the introduction of driving skills
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B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years
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