The abacus (算盤) is the a__________ of the modern computer.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Chinese Ancient Science & Inventions

Chinese Inventions—Can You Name Them?

The Invention of Paper and find out everything about paper-making at The Rober C.Williams American Museum of Papermaking.

The Art of Printing(Matteo Ricci)

The Origin of Chinese Books and Printing

Chinese bookmaking an ancient craft

Paper,a contribution to human progress

The History of Chinese Ｍathematics

Chinese Ancient Science & Technology

Chinese Ancient Agriculture

The Coins of Ancient China

Chinese Agriculture

The Coins of Ancient China

Chinese Agriculture

Invented in China?

The History of Calculating(abacus)

Return of the Dragon:Hazards of Man-Made Magnetism(a discussion)

    Chinese Ancient & Modern Think-tanks

Kong Fu Zi—Confucius(James A.A.Tucker)

The Philosopher Confucius (551～479 B.C.)

The Analects—Confucius (English text)

The Great Learning—Confucius (English text)

The Doctrine of the Mean—Confucius (English text)

Mencius—Meng Zi and some text (GB)

Mao Zedong—A Great Man in China History

Man of the Year—Teng Hsiao-ping (Times)

The Tao Te Ching—Lao Tzu (Translated by S.Mitchell)

XUN KUANG (Xunzi—25 B C)

Han Fei

Welcome to Taoist Resource Center A Complete Guide to Taoism and its many applications.

ASIAWEEK—MAO NOW—The Great Helmsman led China into some of the most monumental disasters of the modern era.Now,20 years after his death,Mao Zedong’s star is shining asbrightly as ever.How can it be so?

Chairman Mao’s Poems—In Chinese (GIF).

Dr. Sun Yat-Sen—The founding father of Republic of China.

Mao Zedong—An unofficial site which collects quotations of Mao and some articles on Mao.(CHINESE GB) (CHINESE PS)

Mao Zedong—A Great Man in China History—Internet resources on Mao & his era.

Sun Yat-Sen:Fundamentals of National Reconstruction—“This book is Sun Yat-sen’s most important political statement.It enunciates his famous three principles whereby he set China on the road to modernity.”

DENG Xiaoping—Deng Xiaoping leads a far-reaching,audacious but Risky Second Revolution.(Man of the Year 1985,Time Magazine)(in English)

...For more information Click the Underlined.

This passage is probably take from _________.

A.magazine                  B.a webpage                 C.text book                   D.TV programme

How many webpages offer the information about Confucius?

A.Three.                       B.Four.                        C.Five.                         D.Two.

The passage is designed mainly to _________.

A.make us learn the great people and inventions of China

B.give some information about China

C.stress the importance of confuciusm

D.describe the printing in China

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科目：高中英語 來源：湖南省湘潭地區(qū)2009-2010學(xué)年度高一下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考試題（英語） 題型：其他題

第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分)

請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,每空限填一詞。

Recently we asked how you felt about calculators (計(jì)算器) at school. We heard from about thirty people in twelve countries, including a large number of Chinese.

Turbo Zhang writes, "My brain is slow because I have a calculator everywhere, on my mobile phone, on my computer, etc. New technology makes us use everything except our brains."

Joony Zhu says calculators can provide us with answers we may not completely understand. As a student at an engineering college in China, he calls using a calculator "a kind of laziness".

Khaled Hamza from Cairo says calculators have a bad effect because "you don’t need to make an effort to get a result."

Hemin, a math teacher in Kurdistan-Iraq, says good math skills are life skills. So he believes in solving problems with a pencil until high school. "You should take the trouble to work out problems without calculators. Then you come to respect the power of these machines."

But He Wenbo from China says calculators reduce careless mistakes. "When I was young we couldn’t use calculators. But when I entered high school we had to solve a lot of math problems. The calculator made my homework easier."

Michel says, "My handheld calculator has been important in my studies and even in my life." But he also advises, "As we’re enjoying using calculators, be careful to avoid their bad effects."

Finally, Thomas, a student in China, wants to tell us he likes a special calculator which he does not know how to use. In English we call it an abacus (算盤).Title: A Survey on the Use of (66)______ Disadvantage Turbo ZhangMy brain is slow (67)______ I have calculators everywhere. Joony ZhuIf you use calculators, you will become (68)______.Khaled Hamza Calculators have bad (69)______ because students don’t have to make an effort. Hemin Good math skills are (70)______ in life.(71)____He Wenbo Calculators (72)______ careless mistakes. A calculator makes homework (73)______.Michel They are important in our studies and lives. But take (74)______ to avoid their bad effects .Thomas He likes a special calculator (75)______ an abacus.

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：

The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus (算盤), invented in China centuries ago, but the first large, modem computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems very fast.

Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in the faraway villages.

In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster. Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow.

( ) 1. The computer is a________ machine.

　　　 A. helpful　　　 B. strange　　　 C. large　　　　 D. dangerous

( ) 2. The first large, modem computer was built about________ years ago.

　　　 A. a few　　　 B. forty　　　　 C. sixty　　　　 D. eighty

( ) 3. The computer of today are________ than before.

　　　 A. bigger　　　 B. fewer　　　　 C. smaller　　　 D. taller

( ) 4. Computers can do________ .

　　　 A. everything　 B. anything　　 C. nothing　　　 D. lots of things

 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

The history of inventions leading up to the modern computer is a story of people trying hard to create machines that complete many tasks automatically, such as adding up large numbers, controlling airplanes in flight, etc. Many of the earliest methods of recording and counting data still remain mysteries (something that is not understood).

In England you can visit Stonehenge, where a mysterious collection of large stones has stood since 1,500 BC. Scientists have never discovered the stones’ purpose. However, by observing the way the sun shines between the stones, many people believe Stonehenge was used to predict the seasons and eclipses (蝕) of the sun and the moon.

Another early method of computing was a brass calculator, which existed in Spain nearly 1,000 years ago. The machine was shaped like a human head, with numbers instead of teeth. The shape became its undoing; some people were afraid the machine was supernatural, and destroyed it. In early recorded history, calculators that used the sun, or objects in the night sky, were developed to be used on ships to explore the world beyond the Tigris-Euphrates Valley of southwestern Asia. One such device, dating from the first century, worked with a system of gears designed to track the orbits of stars and planets. These orbits became the marked routes for ships.

In ancient Rome and Greece, one of the earliest machines ever used for processing numbers was the abacus. This simple collection of beads has been used for centuries in China and other Asian countries. The abacus is built with columns of beads attached to a rectangular wooden frame. Inside the wooden frame is a crossbar that separates each column of beads into two sections. In the Chinese version there are two beads above the bar and five below. Each column of beads means a different range of numbers. The first column from the right represents ones, the second tens, the third hundreds, etc. By moving beads, calculations are quickly completed. Because values are shown by positions, the abacus is very valuable in teaching arithmetic to blind students.

Experienced users operate the abacus very quickly. After World War II, a speed competition was arranged in Japan between the fastest calculator operator in the US Army and an employee of the Japanese Post Office using an abacus. The American was defeated easily by the moving beads of his opponent.

62. What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?

A. Old methods to manage data.　　　　　　　　 B. The great inventions in science.

C. The mysterious historical events.　　　　　 D. Theory and practice in computing.

63. How does the author try to prove his point?

A. By making comparisons.　 　　　　　　 B. By analyzing the cause.

C. By telling a true story.　　　　　　　 D. By giving examples.

64. The underlined word “undoing” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.

A. cause of bad luck　　 B. reason for change　 C. way to escape　　 　　 D. loss of power

65. What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. The fast development of computer science.　

B. The use of abacus in Japanese Post Office.

C. The inventor of the first modern computer.　　

D. The invention of the first analytical engine.

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