October 15th is the Global Handwashing Day. Activities are planned in more than 20 countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap. For example, donors（捐贈者） will give 150,000 bars of soap to schools in Ethiopia.
Experts say people around the world wash their hands every day, but very few use soap at so-called important moments. These include after using the toilet, after cleaning a baby and before touching food.
Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap. Partners include the United Nations Children’s Fund, American government agencies, the World Bank and soap makers Unlever and Procter and Gamble. The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing disease-causing germ(細菌). They say the correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub（揉搓） it into all areas, including under the fingernails（指甲）. Rub for at least twenty seconds. Then rinse well under running water. Finally, dry your hands with a clean cloth or wave them in the air.
The Partnership for Handwashing says soap is important because it increases the time that people spend in washing hands. Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs. And it usually leaves a pleasant smell. The Partnership for Handwashing also says washing with soap before eating or after using the toilet could save more lives than any vaccine(疫苗)or medicine. Hand washing could also prevent the spread of other diseases. When people get germs on their hands, they can infect（感染）themselves by touching their eyes, noses or mouths. Then they can infect others.
【小題1】What’s the best title for this passage?

A．Say no to washing hands in the wrong way.
B．Find out why washing hands carefully is so important.
C．Hand washing: so important----it gets a day of its own.
D．Want to live a longer life?-wash your hands.
【小題2】The word “rinse” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A．to dry your hands B．to wash away the soap
C．to rub your hands carefully D．to clean your fingers
【小題3】The last paragraph mainly tells us ______.
A．how to wash your hands correctly
B．why washing hand with soap is so important
C．the dangers of washing hands without soap
D．when we should especially wash our hands with soap
【小題4】In which part of newspaper would you most probably read this passage?
A．Medical care B．Public service C．Health report D．Advertisement


【小題1】C
【小題2】B
【小題3】B
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：10月15號是“世界洗手日”，這一天人們要提倡洗手用肥皂，并且要養(yǎng)成飯前便后洗手的好習慣。研究表明，洗手可以去除手上的細菌和病菌，減少傳染病的發(fā)生幾率；如果用肥皂的話，效果會更好。
【小題1】主旨大意題。 洗手成了一件很重要的事，但是對于我們也很有必要，所以專門設立了一天宣傳洗手——“世界洗手日”。故選C 。
【小題2】詞義猜測題。上文中提到了在手上涂抹肥皂的注意事項，后面又說怎樣弄干手，因此這里是怎樣把手上的肥皂沖洗掉。故選B。
【小題3】主旨大意題。最后一段講了用肥皂洗手可以減少傳染病的發(fā)病，效果好于用藥物和疫苗。故選B。
【小題4】推理判斷題。文章講了怎樣洗手、怎樣正確的用肥皂洗手的問題，并提到了“世界洗手日”，因此應該刊登在健康報告一欄中。Medical care醫(yī)療護理；Public service 公共服務；Health report健康報告；Advertisement廣告。故選C。
考點：科普類文章閱讀。

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

      People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均勻的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
【小題1】The discovery shows that Westerners         .

A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth 
B．consider facial expressions universally reliable 
C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways 
D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions  
【小題2】 What were the people asked to do in the study?
A．To make a face at each other. B．To get their faces impressive. 
C．To classify some face pictures. D．To observe the researchers' faces. 
【小題3】 What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A．The participants in the study. 
B．The researchers of the study. 
C．The errors made during the study. 
D．The data collected from the study.  
【小題4】 In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to         .
A．do translation more successfully 
B．study the mouth more frequently 
C．examine the eyes more attentively 
D．read facial expressions more correctly 
【小題5】What can be the best title for the passage?
A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul 
B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions 
C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills 
D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding 

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Space is where our future is — trips to the Moon, Mars and beyond. Most people would think that aside from comets(彗星) and stars, there is little else out there. But, since our space journey started we have left so much trash（垃圾） there that scientists are now concerned that if we don't clean it up, we may all be in mortal （致命的）danger.
The first piece of space junk was created in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard I stopped operating and lost its connection with the ground center. However, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any consequences, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning（拋棄） things that no longer served any useful purpose in space.
It is estimated （估計）that there are now over 500,000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting the Earth at speeds of up to 17,500 miles per hour. The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that astronaut Heidemarie Stefanyshyn Piper lost during a spacewalk.
The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage traveling spacecraft(飛船). Moreover, pieces of junk may collide（碰撞） with each other and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth. To avoid this, scientists have invented several ways for clearing the sky. Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles. Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations to stop littering in space and to clean up the trash already there.
【小題1】What was the first piece of man-made space trash­?

A．A camera.B．A tool kit.
C．A fuel tank.D．A broken satellite.
【小題2】Why were scientists NOT concerned about space trash in the beginning?
A．It no longer served any useful purpose.
B．It was millions of miles away from the Earth.
C．It did not cause any problems.
D．It was regarded as similar to comets and stars.
【小題3】Which of the following statements is true about space junk?­
A．It is huge, heavy machines.
B．It never changes position.
C．It floats slowly around the Earth.
D．It may cause problems for space shuttles.
【小題4】What has been done about the space trash problem­?
A, Scientists have cleaned up most of the trash.
B. Large pieces of space trash are being closely watched.
C. Many nations have worked together to stop polluting space.
D. Ground stations are built to help store the trash properly in space.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

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Fly on non-stop routes
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Choose larger aircraft.
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Pay attention to the pre-flight safety briefing
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Store things safely
Never put very heavy articles in the overhead storage bins. They may fall out when someone opens the bin and cause injury. Also, the bin may not be able to hold heavier objects during turbulence (氣流).
Keep our seat belt fastened while you are seated
Cabin crew always tell you this, but it's important. You would be seriously injured if the plane hits unexpected turbulence. Always fasten your seat belt if you are told to. The general rule of flying is this: If you are told to do something, do it first and ask questions later.
Let the flight attendant pour your hot drinks
Flight attendants are trained to handle hot drinks like coffee or tea in a crowded aisle on a moving aircraft, so allow them to pour the drink and hand it to you. Never ask to take a coffee pot from one of them.
【小題1】What is the overall reason for these air safety tips?          

A．What to do in the event of a crash. 
B．How to avoid turbulence. 
C．How to improve safety while you are flying. 
D．How to avoid injury. 
【小題2】The underlined word "those" in the second tip refers to _______.     
A．smaller planes B．passengers C．larger aircraft D．safety records 
【小題3】The underlined phrase "The general rule" in the fifth tip refers to _______.   
A．a(chǎn)nything the flight staff tell you to do 
B．general safety advice 
C．walking around the plane 
D．pouring hot drinks 
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A．Larger planes have more safety checks and are safe in an accident. 
B．Take-offs are safer on non-stop flights than landings. 
C．Every aircraft is different, so the safety procedures may be different. 
D．Seat belts should be worn to protect against turbulence. 
【小題5】The best title of the passage should be _______.       
A．The Safest Way to Travel B．Air Safety Tips 
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The device has been delivered to the department’s laboratories for testing. If these tests, scheduled for six months’ time, are successful, the makers will bring the product to market within about a year.
【小題1】How should a driver respond to the sounds from Driver Alert?

A．By sounding a warning.
B．By touching the wristband.
C．By checking the driving time.
D．By pressing the steering wheel.
【小題2】We can learn from the text that the driver needs to stop for a break when his response time is ________
A．a(chǎn)bout 400 milliseconds B．below 500 milliseconds
C．over 500 milliseconds D．a(chǎn)bout 4 minutes
【小題3】When the driver gets sleepy while driving, Driver Alert ______.
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B．stops working properly
C．opens the window for the driver
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【小題4】According to the text, Driver Alert ______.
A．a(chǎn)ims to reduce tiredness-related accidents
B．has gone through testing at laboratories
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson? Perhaps yes. Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.
The gene comes in two versions, one of which is found in 99 percent of Europeans. The other is found in 93 to 100 percent of Africans, researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science.
Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebra-fish（斑馬魚） to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish. As with humans, zebra-fish skin color is determined by pigment cells, which contain melanin (黑色素). The number, size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color.
It appears that, like the golden zebra-fish, light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (變異) in the gene for melanin production. This results in less pigmented skin.
However, Keith Cheng, leader of the research team, points out that the mutation is different in human and zebra-fish genes.
Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun (太陽光紫外線), which can cause skin cancer.
But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes, they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D. So the related gene changes, according to Cheng.
Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans, so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color, said Cheng.
The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer. It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson.
【小題1】The passage mainly tells us that ________.

A．people can not change their skin color without any pain
B．the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely
C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked
D．scientists have found out that people’s skin color is determined by the gene
【小題2】It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.
A．nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer a lot from the damage caused by the chemical treatment
B．Europeans and Africans have the same gene
C．the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer
D．there are two kinds of genes
【小題3】Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebra-fish in order to _____________.
A．find the different genes of humans’
B．prove the humans’ skin color is determined by the pigment gene
C．find out the reason why the Africans’ skin color is dark
D．find out the ways of changing people’s skin color
【小題4】 The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that _____________.
A．they are born light-skinned people
B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production
C．they have fewer activities outside
D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin
【小題5】The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is ______________.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have reported evidence that Mars was warmer and wetter long ago than it is today.  The Caltech scientists say they have directly established the temperature of Mars four billion years ago. At least, they established the surface temperature on part of the planet at that time. The researchers say it is the first such evidence to be discovered and presented.
The Caltech scientists say carbonate（碳酸鹽）minerals formed on Mars at about eighteen degrees Celsius. They reached the finding after studying a meteorite（隕石）that had its beginnings near the Martian surface.
Today, the average temperature on Mars is sixty-three degrees below zero Celsius.
The finding was reported on the website of the National Academy of Sciences. Caltech Assistant Professor Woody Fischer helped to prepare the report. He says eighteen degrees Celsius is not especially cold or hot. He says this makes the finding extremely interesting. Knowing the temperature can give scientists an idea of the climate on Mars long ago. It can also help them decide whether the planet had liquid water. Spacecraft orbiting Mars have shown what appear to be rivers, lakebeds and mineral deposits. These pictures suggest that, at one time, water did flow there. Mars Rover vehicles and other spacecraft have proved the information.

The meteorite the scientists examined is one of the oldest known rocks in the world. It is called the Allan Hills meteorite. Its name came from the place in Antarctica where it was found in 1984. The meteorite is believed to have blown loose from the Mars' surface when another space rock struck its "home."
【小題1】The underlined word “establish” in Paragraph 1 probably means “___________”.

A．to set up
B．to make people accept a belief
C．to discover or prove
D．to start having a relationship with others
【小題2】How did the scientists reach the finding?
A．By studying Allan Hills meteorite.
B．By using spacecraft orbiting Mars.
C．By studying minerals gathered on Mars.
D．By studying a meteorite on the Martian surface.
【小題3】According to the fourth paragraph, what have spacecraft orbiting Mars done?
A．Measuring the temperature of Mars.
B．Taking photos of the surface of Mars.
C．Finding that there is water flowing on Mars.
D．Proving where human beings will probably land on Mars.
【小題4】Where can we most probably read this passage?
A．In a biography of scientists. B．In a geography magazine.
C．In an environment report. D．In a science report.

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

You have some great ideas. But they don’t come out because of what your friends say or because you think that only a few people can be creative geniuses(天才). And, you, of course, think that you couldn’t be one of them. But actually, this is not true at all.
Anyone who is a creative genius will tell you that creativity is very much like a muscle that needs to be developed. If you don’t learn how to develop creative thinking, this skill, just like a muscle, will become poor and useless. On the other hand, keep working at it, and this skill will soon be ready for action whenever you need it. So how do you develop your own personal style of creative thinking?
You should realize that your brain has a greater capacity (容量) and a higher speed than the world’s biggest and fastest computer. So it’s important to get as much information as you can every day. Read, watch and listen to everything around you —good and bad. The more you know, the more you’ll want to know, and the more your brain will be exercised.
Try something new every day and let your experiences show you more about the world and people around you. You need to step out of your comfort zone (舒適地帶) more and more each day.
Follow these suggestions, and begin thinking beyond your "limits" from today. You’ll soon have a life full of interesting and exciting adventures. Who knows, your idea might be the next great idea to change the world.
【小題1】Most people can’t be creative geniuses because they _______.

A．don’t have great ideas
B．don’t want to develop their ideas
C．a(chǎn)re too shy to talk about their ideas
D．don’t believe they can be
【小題2】The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph means ________.
A．creative thinking B．the muscle C．personal style D．great capacity
【小題3】What do we learn from the passage?
A．No computer can store as much information as human’s brain.
B．It is not necessary to remember everything around you.
C．Try something new, as long as you are comfortable with it.
D．It is harder to exercise the brain than the muscles
【小題4】The passage is intended to tell readers _________.
A．how they can learn from creative geniuses
B．a(chǎn)bout ways to develop their creative thinking
C．a(chǎn)bout the importance of exercising the muscles
D．the reasons why they can’t be creative geniuses

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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.
Because no light can get out, people can’t see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.
Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”, in an object.
Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earth’s galaxy. Earth’s galaxy is called the Milky Way.
The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大質(zhì)量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.
Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.
A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.
When a black hole and a star are close together, high-energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.
【小題1】The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when ____________.

A．the star is going to die
B．special tools are used on it
C．other stars come close to it
D．it is seen from the space telescopes
【小題2】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．A black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.
B．The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.
C．Scientists observe high-energy light through their own eyes.
D．Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe.
【小題3】The underlined word “galaxy” in Paragraph 5 means __________.
A．a(chǎn) black holeB．the Milky Way
C．a(chǎn) series of starsD．a(chǎn) planet near the earth
【小題4】What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?
A．Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole.
B．There is a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
C．The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.
D．There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”.
【小題5】The last two paragraph mainly focus on the question of _________.
A．what a black hole is
B．how black holes form
C．how big black holes are
D．how scientists know about black holes

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