【題目】The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics is shared by three scientists, the Royal Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm on Tuesday. The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 was divided, with one half awarded to David J. Thouless, the other half to F. Duncan M. Haldane and J. Michael Kosterlitz “for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter(物質(zhì)拓?fù)湎嘧兒屯負(fù)湎?.”

Haldane said he was “very surprised” at the news, adding that he was glad that their discoveries found something previously unnoticed by many, and that they revealed “more possibilities for looking for new materials.” He particularly pointed out that a lot of work was still ongoing.

The year’s prize amount is 8 million Swedish krona(0.93 million US dollars), and will be split properly between the three winners.

The winners are given a sum of money when they receive their prizes, in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded. The amount of prize money depends upon how much money the Nobel Foundation can award each year. The purse has increased since the 1980s, when the prize money was 880,000 SEK per prize. In 2009, the monetary award was 10 million SEK (US$1.4 million; 950,000). In June 2012, it was lowered to 8 million SEK.

If there are two winners of a particular prize, the award money is divided equally between the winners. If there are three, the awarding committee can choose to divide the money equally, or award one-half to one winner and one-quarter to each of the others. It is common for winners to donate prize money to benefit scientific, cultural, or charities.

【1】How much price money does Thouless get?

A. 8 million Swedish krona.

B. 6 million Swedish krona.

C. 4 million Swedish krona.

D. 2 million Swedish krona.

【2】According to the passage, Haldane thought that his work_________

A. was far from ending

B. was based on many previous studies

C. had perfectly been completed

D. had surprised the whole world

【3】The amount of prize money _________. .

A. has been ever increasing since the 1980s

B. has been ever decreasing since the 1980s

C. remains 880,000 SEK each year after 2012

D. differs according to the Nobel Foundation’s affordability

【4】What does the last paragraph talk about?

A. The purpose of the award money.

B. How the award money is dealt with.

C. How the laureates are selected.

D. The number of laureates per prize.

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】瑞典皇家科學(xué)院宣布，2016年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎由三位科學(xué)家共同分享。獎金的數(shù)量取決于諾貝爾基金會每年提供的數(shù)量。當(dāng)年的獎金總額為800萬瑞典克朗(約合0.93萬美元)，并在這三位獲獎?wù)咧g分配。

【1】C 簡單計算題。2016年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎金被分為兩部分，一半授予大衛(wèi)。即大衛(wèi)獲得400萬瑞典克朗。

【2】A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Haldane說，他對這一消息感到“非常驚訝”， 還特別指出，許多工作仍在進(jìn)行中。由此可知，選A。

【3】D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段，獎金的數(shù)量每年都有變化，它取決于諾貝爾基金會每年提供的數(shù)量。選D。

【4】D 主旨大意題。如果某一獎項有兩名獲獎?wù)�，獎金將平分給獲獎?wù)�。如果有三名的話，獎勵委員會可以選擇將錢平分，或者一半分給一名得主，另一半分給另兩名得主。獲獎?wù)咄ǔ璩霆劷�，以造福于科學(xué)、文化或慈善事業(yè)。本段講述了獎金的分配和處理。

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