14.Music lessons in early childhood bring about changes in the brain that could improve its performance far into adulthood,researchers say.
Brain scans of young adults showed those who had formal musical training before seven had thicker brain areas dealing with hearing and self-awareness.
The findings note how brain development can be influenced by the age when children start to learn a musical instrument,and how those changes can continue into later life.
"Early musical training benefits kids more than just making them enjoy music.It changes the brain,which could bring about cognitive advances as well,"said Yunxin Wang of Beijing Normal University.
"Our results suggest it's better to start musical training before seven,which agrees with what most piano teachers recommend,"she added.She hoped the results might help parents decide when was the best for their children to learn an instrument.
The brain's cortex(皮層) plays a leading role in one's abilities,from thought and language to memory and attention.The area matures rapidly in the early years of life,and its development could be affected more if a person starts musical training before it fully matures.
Wang studied 48 Chinese students aged between 19 and 21 who had received formal music training for at least a year sometime between the ages of 3 and 15.Each had a scan to measure the thickness of the brain's cortex.
After considering sex and the number of years spent having music lessons,Wang found that musical training that started before seven appeared to thicken areas of the brain involved in language skills and executive function,which is a person's ability to plan and accomplish tasks.
"We're not sure why these changes occur,but a reasonable explanation is that early starters might depend more on hearing clues(線索) when learning music,since it might be more difficult for younger children to read music,"Wang said.
32.According to the researchers,musical training before the age of seven canA
A.contribute to future work.
B.create a successful life
C.develop all-round abilities
D.deal with puzzling problem
33.When conducting the research with the students,WangD
A.tested their language abilities
B.watched their musical performances
C.focused on school behavior and achievements
D.measured the thickness of the brain's cortex
34.It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatB.
A.it must be hard for kids to read music
B.kids are more likely to learn music by hearing
C.Wang's explanation has been the most reasonable
D.Wang will research into the reasons for the brain change
35.For what purpose does the author write the text?C
A.To describe the development of brain.
B.To challenge the previous discoveries.
C.To present the findings of the research.
D.To give advice on how to learn music.
分析 這是一篇議論文.北京師范大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),兒童早期的音樂訓(xùn)練可以提高成年時(shí)的腦力,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)孩提時(shí)期的樂器學(xué)習(xí)如何對(duì)大腦發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響以及這些影響是如何在日后生活中延續(xù)的.
解答 32.A.推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第二、三、四段可知,7歲之前有過正規(guī)音樂訓(xùn)練的人,處理聽力和自我意識(shí)的大腦區(qū)域會(huì)相對(duì)更厚,而且這些變化能延續(xù)到以后的生活中.故選A項(xiàng).
33.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第七段中的"Each had a scan to measure the thickness of the brain's cortex"可知與學(xué)生進(jìn)行研究時(shí),王測試了大腦皮質(zhì)的厚度,選擇D項(xiàng).
34.B.推理判斷題.最后一段說不確定為什么會(huì)出現(xiàn)這些變化,但有一個(gè)合理的解釋,那就是兒童早期學(xué)習(xí)音樂的時(shí)候可能很難讀音樂,于是他們更多地依靠自己的聽覺線索,也就是說,孩子們更可能通過聽覺來學(xué)音樂,因此選B項(xiàng).
35.C.寫作意圖題.本文主要是關(guān)于研究人員對(duì)于孩子早期學(xué)習(xí)音樂對(duì)大腦發(fā)育的研究的介紹,因此本文的寫作意圖就是介紹一項(xiàng)研究的成果,因此選C項(xiàng).
點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力,做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進(jìn)行比較,再做出正確的選擇.在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí),要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.