13．People with disabilities make up a large part of the population．It is estimated（估計(jì)） that over 35 million Americans have physical，mental，or other disabilities．About half of these disabilities are"developmental"，i．e．，they occur before the individual's twenty-second birthday，often from genetic conditions，and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development，such as mobility，communication，employment，etc．Most other disabilities are considered"adventitious"，i．e．，accidental or caused by outside forces．
Prior to the 20th century，only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long．Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable．Advancements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expect to have such basic needs as food，shelter，and medical treatment．Unfortunately，these basics are often not available．Civil liberties such as the right to vote，marry，get an education，and gain employment have historically been denied on the basis of disability．
In recent decades，the disability rights movement has been organized to fight against these infringements（違反，侵犯）of civil rights．Congress responded by passing major legislation recognizing people with disabilities as a protected class under civil rights statutes．
Still today，people with disabilities must fight to live their lives independently．It is estimated that more than half of qualified Americans with disabilities are unemployed，and a majority of those who do work are underemployed．About two-thirds live at or below the official poverty level．
Significant barriers，especially in transportation and public awareness，prevent disabled people from taking part in society．For example，while no longer prohibited by law from marrying，a person with no access to transportation is effectively excluded from community and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships．
Only when public attitudes advance as far as laws have will disabled people be fully able to take their rightful place in society．
1．A"developmental"disabilityB．
A．develops very slowly over time      
B．occurs in youth and affects development
C．is caused by forces                
D．is getting more and more severe
2．Most disabled people used to die early becauseB．
A．disabilities destroyed major bodily functions   
B．medical techniques were not available 
C．they were not very well looked after
D．they were too poor to get proper treatment
3．In the author's opinion，to enable the disabled people to take their rightful place in society，D．
A．more laws should be passed           
B．more public facilities should be set up
C．government should provide more aids   
D．public attitudes should be changed
4．Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage？B
A．Many disabled people may remain single for their whole life．
B．Discriminatory（帶歧視性的）laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others．
C．The public tends to look down upon the disabled people．
D．The disabled people feel inferior to（低于）those surrounding them．
5．The best title for this passage might beA．
A．Handicaps（障礙）of People with Disabilities
B．The physical difficulties of the Disabled
C．The Causes for Disabilities
D．Medical Treatments for Disabilities．

分析 本文屬于說(shuō)明文閱讀，作者通過(guò)這篇文章主要向我們描述了殘疾人在社會(huì)上遭遇的不公，還有怎么解決類似問(wèn)題．

解答 1．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題；從第一段對(duì)developmental"disability 的定義：About half of these disabilities are"developmental"，i．e．，they occur before the individual's twenty-second birthday，often from genetic conditions，and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development，可知發(fā)展性"殘疾造成了青年發(fā)展的影響；故選B．
2．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題：從第二段的句子：only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long．Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable．可知大多數(shù)殘疾人早就死了，因?yàn)獒t(yī)療技術(shù)不可用；故選B．
3．D．細(xì)節(jié)理解題：從最后一句話：Only when public attitudes advance as far as laws have will disabled people be fully able to take their rightful place in society可知作者認(rèn)為，改變態(tài)度使殘疾人能夠在社會(huì)上獲得應(yīng)有的地位；故選D．
4．B．細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章可知許多殘疾人終生都單身，公眾傾向于看不起殘疾人，殘疾人覺(jué)得不如（低于）周圍的那些人；故選B．
5．A．主旨大意題：從文章第一段People with disabilities make up a large part of the population可知最好的標(biāo)題是殘疾人的障礙；故選A．

點(diǎn)評(píng) 考察學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力，做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)一定要找到文章中的原句，和題干進(jìn)行比較，再做出正確的選擇．在做推理判斷題不要以個(gè)人的主觀想象代替文章的事實(shí)，要根據(jù)文章事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的推理判斷．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

3．Perfume （香水） has been in existence for a long time．These days，certain perfumes are considered comparable to great works of art．Here are a few of the most famous perfumes in history．
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Jacques Guerlain created this vanilla fragrance in 1925．The perfume takes its name from the Garden of Shalimar，which was built by Emperor Shah Jehan for one of his wives．It was an immediate hit in 1925and is still extremely popular today．
Joy
Joy is famous for having been the most expensive perfume in the world at one point．It was created in 1930by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929stock market crash．
L'Air duTemps
Francis Farbon created Nina Ricci's L'Air du Temps in 1948．The fragrance is known for its spicy，carnation and gardenia scents as well as its beautiful crystal bottle （designed by Lalique）．
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56．Who created Joy？A
A．Henri Alméras．    B．Jean Patou．
C．Sophia Grojsman．  D．Jacques Guerlain．
57．Which of the following perfumes is known for its wonderful crystal bottle？C
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C．its vanilla scent              D．its chocolatey scent
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

1．The right name is important in the business world．All you have to do is think of the names for some of the products you buy every day and you'll agree that the name and the product are connected in everyone's mind．
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

8．You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator．When you choose to be a victim，the world is a cold and difficult place．"They"did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering．"They"are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as"they"are around．Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus internalizing（內(nèi)化）your victimization．The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others．
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

18．More and more parents are worrying about their daughters who have become overweight．Girls who think they aren't popular at school are at higher risk for weight gain，according to a new study．It's long been known that being overweight can lead to social exclusion （排斥） for teens，but researchers at Harvard University discovered：whether a student's opinions of her social position played a role in her weight．
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67．How is the text organized？B
A．topic-argument-description-conclusion
B．opinion-supporting examples-conclusion-advice
C．opinion-supporting examples-solution-advice
D．topic-argument-conclusion-solution．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

5．Youngsters who have no regular bedtime or who go to bed later than 21：00 have lower scores for reading and maths．Lack of sleep may influence how well the brain learns new information．
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Establishing （制定） a good bedtime routine early in childhood is important．Irregular bedtimes were most common at the age of three，when around one in five of the children went to bed at varying times．By the age of seven，more than half the children had a regular bedtime of between 19：30 and 20：30．
Children with irregular bedtimes tended to be less successful than their playmates in terms of test scores for reading，maths and spatial awareness（空間想象）．The influence was more obvious throughout early childhood in girls than in boys and appeared to be increasing．
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A．reading abilities and their sleeping habits
B．mental development and their sleeping habits
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B．the researchers
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D．the sleep patterns             
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B．Irregular bedtimes were most common before the children were three months old．
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70．We can know from the text thatD．
A．boys with irregular bedtimes do worse in reading than their playmates
B．girls with regular bedtimes perform better in learning than boys
C．girls with irregular bedtimes do worse in reading than boys
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

2．A blue hole is a flooded sea cave with a hole that opens up at the land's surface．These cave systems form in carbonate rock，often on islands．Some blue holes have very special rock formations and water chemistry．Far below sea level，they contain some of the harshest environments on Earth，with no oxygen and no light．Yet these areas are filled with life forms that have adapted to the extreme conditions．
Information gathered from these blue holes is helping scientists to increase their understanding of biology，archaeology and geology．But exploring these blue hole environments brings danger as well as discovery．
Blue holes get their name from the color some have when seen from the air．The color is usually a reflection of the sky on the water．But not all of these cave systems have blue surfaces．Some contain dark or muddy water．
Blue holes are the result of erosion in which water breaks down rock．Rain falling thousands of years ago contained chemicals which slowly wore away at the limestone landmass．These holes were later filled with sea water as the sea level changed．The rising and falling of sea levels and the mixture of salt and fresh water further wore away at these cave formations．Blue holes are vertical caves．But they can also have horizontal cave formations that may be hundreds of meters long．
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First，divers must have training and experience to swim in these caves．Those who explore a cave for the first time must establish a thin rope called a guideline．This line helps them to safely enter and bring more than one set of breathing equipment in case one device fails．Meanwhile，they must pay careful attention to their air supply．The rule is to use a third of their air to enter the cave，a third to exit，and a third for emergencies．
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50．According to the Passage，blue holesB．
A．a(chǎn)re now a popular choice for tourists
B．a(chǎn)re flooded caves found mostly on islands
C．have appeared as rocks pile up year by year
D．can give off bright blue light deep in the caves
51．It can be inferred front the passage thatD．
A．quantities of advanced life forms exist in blue boles
B．blue holes are not fully explored due to their low value
C．blue holes are vertical caves because of strong currents
D．the chemicals in the rain lead to the formation of blue caves
52．The fifth paragraph mainly talks aboutA．
A．two different types of blue holes    
B．how a blue hole comes into being
C．why scientists are interested in blue holes       
D．rules for divers exploring blue holes
53．When exploring blue holes，divers mustD．
A．have a thin rope as a guideline anytime           
B．wear glasses in case of bright blue light
C．swim as quickly as possible to save time          
D．learn to make good use of their air supply
54．The exploration of blue holes can help usB．
A．discover moue energy resources  
B．understand the origin of life on Farth
C．learn about the movements of seawater
D．get ready for the exploration of the ocean．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：填空題

3．No one knows for sure when a fire will happen，so it is  （56）extremely （extreme） necessary to make preparations before a fire starts．Check the fire escape equipment in advance and make sure that you can find （57）it in the dark when lights have failed．Find out （58）Wherethe nearest fire extinguisher（滅火器） is and read the instructions to learn how  （59）to use（ use） it．
Don't lose your head when a fire breaks out．First，telephone the fire department immediately when  （60）the  fire just gets started．Take care not to be overcome by smoke，（61）which can kill you quickly．Cover your mouth （62）with a wet towel or cloth，and avoid getting into the smoke．Don't get in an elevator，as you may get trapped if the electricity  （63）fails （fail）．If you can not get away （64）by yourself，it is of great importance to hang something out of the window to attract attention as a sign of asking for help．
In short，if you make preparations before hand and take precautions（預(yù)防措施） during the fire，chances are that （65）youwill survive in case of a fire if it really breaks out some day．

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