In most situations, light helps us see. But when it comes to looking at the night sky, light is actually a kind of pollution. It prevents our view of some of life’s most striking sights: stars, planets, and even galaxies.
“When I was a little boy, I loved the night sky. I remember looking up and the sky was filled with stars. I became an astronomer because I was amazed by their beauty,” says Robert gent, “Now in most big cities kids can’t see the stars like I did.”
Normally, about 2,500 individual stars are visible to the naked eye without using any special equipment. But because of light pollution, you actually see just 200 to 300 and fewer than a dozen from some cities. Only one in three Americans can see our own galaxy (星系) with the naked eye. Those people live far away from the lights of big cities, office building, and shopping malls.
Fortunately, there’s an inexpensive and useful way. If we shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky, and use lower brightness levels, we can save big amounts of energy and keep the beauty of the night skies. Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night, making sure enough shine for safety without creating much light pollution.
Light pollution affects more than our view of the heavens and can harm wildlife. Migrating (遷移) birds sometimes fly over cities and become confused by the brightness, flying in circles until they drop from exhaustion. Sea turtles need dark beaches for nesting and won’t approach bright lights. Too much light at night may even affect human health. For all these reasons, researchers are working on ways to use light only when and where they are truly needed. Everyone deserves to look up at the sky.
According to the text, using our naked eyes, ______________.
A. people in remote areas can see more stars than those in big cities
B. over one third Americans can see our own galaxy
C. about one in three Americans in big cities can see our own galaxy
D. Americans can only see 200 to 300 stars
Many cities and towns have passed laws limiting lights at night mainly to _________.
A. save the electricity B. make sure of cities’ safety
C. let you count the number of stars D. avoid much light pollution
In how many ways will the light pollution do harm?
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
The underlined word “exhaustion” in the last paragraph means “_________”.
A. air pollution B. tiredness C. breath D. brightness
階梯計算系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀表達（共 5 小題，每小題 3 分，滿分 15 分）
閱讀下面的短文，請根據(jù)短文后的要求答題（請注意問題后的字數(shù)要求）
As American friend of mine who was high up in a big corporation had worked out a way of heading a good of e-mails before most of us bad, even heard of the concept. If any information he was sent was vital enough, his back of response would ensure the sender rang him up , if the sender wasn’t important enough to have his private numbers the communication couldn’t be that important, my friend is now even more senior in the same company so the strategy must work.
Almost every week now there seems to be a report suggesting that we are all being driven crazy by the bother of e-mail. He this is the case, it’s only because we haven’t developed an appropriate in dealing with it.
________ Firstly. You junk nothing with an exclamation mark on a string of capital letters, or from my address, you don’t recognize on feel confident about.
Secondly, e-mail don’t and have to be answered. Because e-mail is so easy, there’s a tendency for correspondence to carry on for ever, but it is permissible to stop an endless discussion or to accept a point of information sent by a colleague without acknowledging it.
Thirdly, a reply e-mail thoughts have to be the same length as the original. We all have e-mail pals who send long, chatty e-mails, which are nice to receive, but who then expect an equally long reply. The chart of e-mail can consist in the simple, incomplete sentence, totally regardless of the of the bread of the letter meat by post. You are perfectly within the bounds of politeness in responding to a marathon e-mail with a better reply.
Which sentence in the passage to the closest in meaning to the following one?
The possible existence of annoyance results from our inability to sort out e-mails.
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with a proper sentence. (within 10 words )
What advice si given in the last paragraph? (within 10 words)
For what purpose does the author mention his American friend in Paragraph 1? (within 10 words)
Franslate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
The literal meaning of philosophy is “l(fā)ove of wisdom”．But this meaning does not tell us very much．Unlike the other disciplines, philosophy cannot be defined by what you study, because it si actually unlimited．Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy．For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士學位）of Philosophy （Ph．D．） in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology．
Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy．Logic is the science of argument and critical thinking．It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasonign．The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and periods in the development of philosophy．
Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement．It is necessary for understanding other disciplines．Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relation to other disciplines．And through the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field．
There are a number of general uses of philosophy．It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important from a large quantity of data．These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on．It is very short-sighted after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job．The useful skills developed through the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement．No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict．
41．According to paragraph 1, philosophy can best be described as the study of ．
A．social sciences B．natural sciences
C．both social and natural sciences D．the subject matter of politics
42．What does “discipline” mean in the first paragraph?
A．subject B．science C．literature D．occupation
43．With the study of philosophy, you can ．
A．become a great leader
B．succeed in everything
C．find a good job soon after graduation
D．make progress in your career development
44．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Philosophy is an independent discipline．
B．Logic helps you to become a better thinker．
C．The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits．
D．The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define．
45．From the passage, we can conclude ．
A．not all the subjects have to do with philosophy
B．a(chǎn) person will get a Ph． D．if he/she studies philosophy
C．philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects
D．philosophy is the only solution to all the problems in the world
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011學年遼寧省撫順市六校聯(lián)合體高二下學期期末考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Several hundred strangers received “l(fā)ove letters” from a young man on the street. The letter was written and given out by Yang Yang, a student majoring in human resources at Chongqing University of Science and Technology，who hoped to show his disappointment with job hunting.
Yang’s story has caught media attention perhaps because it is similar to those of millions of recent graduates seeking jobs and struggling for survival in the country’s wealthiest cities. They have diplomas, rather than professional skills，and come to big cities in hopes of better lives, only to find low-paying jobs and poor living conditions.
They are China’s “ant tribe(蟻族)”, a term created by sociologist Lian Si from Peking University in his 2009 book, Ant Tribe. “They’re so similar to ants. They share small and narrow living areas. They’re intelligent and hard-working, yet nameless and underpaid.” The term also speaks to their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the jungle -- only the strongest survive.
A survey in Lian’s another book published this year, Ant Tribe II, found nearly 30 percent of “ants” are graduates of famous universities—almost three times last year’s percentage. Most had degrees in popular majors. In addition, 7.2 percent of "ants" have at least a master’s degree compared to 1.6 percent in 2009.
An “ant’s” average monthly salary is l, 904 yuan, with about 64 percent of them earning less than 2,000 yuan a month.
Another survey in the 2010 Annual Report on the Development of Chinese Talent found more than 1 million “ants” live in big cities.
“Most ants are from rural families or small towns, and their experiences in universities didn’t arm them well enough to fight with competitors in big cities’ employment markets.” Professor Zhang Ming at Renmin University of China said.
The “ant tribe’s” embarrassing living situations have become a serious social problem, and the government should develop smaller 
cities to attract more graduates from big cities, Zhang
believed.
However, “ants” expect more study and training opportunities in big cities, which keeps them positive despite their situations.
【小題1】Yang’s story is introduced in order to_________.
| A．a(chǎn)nalyze graduates’ difficulties in finding jobs |
| B．lead to the topic of the article—“ant tribe” |
| C．tell readers a story about those big cities |
| D．show a clever way of dealing with pressure |
| A．they have no diplomas from good universities |
| B．their majors do not meet the needs of society |
| C．those from rural areas are not treated equally |
| D．they do not have necessary professional skills |
| A．they live in narrow and small places in groups |
| B．they work hard but earn little for survival |
| C．they are in a world judged by the jungle law |
| D．they are pleased with being nameless and underpaid |
| A．creating more jobs for graduates in big cities |
| B．developing smaller cities to attract graduates |
| C．sending graduates to rural areas and small towns |
| D．training graduates to improve their ability |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年浙江蓬街私立中學高二下學期第一次月半考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Every day Yang Hongwei takes the bus home from work, staring silently at the European-style villas(別墅), luxury cars and twinkling lights from the shopping center that he sees through the window.
Yang works for a software company in Zhongguancun. He dreams of such a life, away from poverty, and that hope has kept him in Beijing for three years since he graduated from university.
Soon Yang squeezes his way off the bus to the reality of his life: his home—a 10-square-metre room that costs 550 yuan(81 US dollars) or about one-fifth of his salary in rent every month. It’s very cold inside the house as it has no central heating system. He has to stand the long and cold winter. Determined to achieve his dream, Yang says he has changed jobs “numerous” times in the past three years and is considering quitting his present job.
Yang’s frustration over his life as a migrant(移民) is shared by many other graduates that have moved into big cities. Together they have come to be called the “ant tribe”, a term created by Chinese sociologists to describe the struggles of young migrants, who, armed with their diplomas, flood to big cities in hopes of a better life only to put up with low-paying jobs and poor living conditions. They share every similarity with ants. They live in colonies in crowded areas. They’re intelligent and hardworking, yet unknown and underpaid. The term, sociologists have said, also reflects their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the concrete jungle—only the strongest survive.
A survey in Ant TribeⅡ found nearly 30 percent of the “ants” are graduates of famous key universities—almost three times the percentage of 2009. Most have degrees in popular majors, such as medicine, engineering, economics and management. In addition, 7.2 percent of the “ants” have at least a master’s degree compared to 1.6 percent in 2009. Most said the economic recovery did not really improve their financial situations, and 66 percent said their incomes fell short of their expectations, the survey also found.
For two years, Lian Si, a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Chinese and Global Affairs of Peking University, who has studied the phenomenon, led a team of more than 100 graduate students to follow the groups in university towns like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Xi’an. Lian evaluates the total population of the “ant community” in major cities at one million across China, with about 100,000 found in Beijing alone. Lian predicts that an increasingly challenging job market will see the ant tribe growing further in number. Another 6.3 million graduates are expected to join migrant workers and other job hunters in what promises to be a fierce labour competition.
The ant tribe’s embarrassing living situations have become a serious social issue, and the government should develop “second-and-third-tier cities” to attract more graduates from big cities. However, “ants” expect more study and training opportunities in big cities, which keeps them in positive mindsets despite their situations. As in the case of Yang, he is optimistic about getting a new job soon, having received eight interview offers in a week after sending out his resume. The prospect of landing a higher-paying job keeps him hopeful of moving out of the slum district(貧民區(qū)) soon. The sooner the better.
【小題1】. Yang has worked in Beijing since graduation from university ______.
| A．to live in a beautiful villa of European style |
| B．to have more opportunities to be promoted |
| C．to struggle for a better-off life in a big city |
| D．to enjoy a busy life in a software company |
| A．It refers to the group of low-income graduates living in embarrassing conditions. |
| B．It refers to the people who work hard like ants but are paid little. |
| C．It refers to the sociologists and scholars researching into some social phenomena. |
| D．It refers to some well-educated people who can’t survive in society. |
| A．“Ant tribe” has become too serious a social problem to solve. |
| B．It is the government’s duty to solve the problem of “ant tribe”. |
| C．Both the government and the graduates have the responsibility. |
| D．The existence of “ant tribe” has little influence on job markets. |
| A．a(chǎn) new urban life style—“ant tribe” | B．a(chǎn) recent survey about the “ant tribe” |
| C．the “ant tribe’s” living conditions | D．the “ant tribe’s” dream and reality |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年廣東省深圳高級中學高一上學期期中測試英語卷 題型：填空題
信息匹配（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
請閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請在答題卡上將對應(yīng)題號的相應(yīng)選項字母涂黑。 【溫馨提示】如果該題選E，請?zhí)钔緼B；如果選F，請?zhí)钔緾D。
首先，請閱讀下列筆友俱樂部成員的信息：
A. Culture fan: Karen, 17, American. She’s simply fascinated with other cultures. Her best friends come from four different countries. She enjoys foreign music and movies. She likes reading books, especially about culture and history. Send her a message at rickyroberts1000@yahoo.com.
B. Open-minded girl: Sarah, 17, Chinese. She spends most of her time knitting, dancing and seeing movies. She likes swimming, listening to music, learning foreign languages, collecting stamps and playing games. She’s willing to make friends with anyone between 17 —19 years of age. Her email: Sarah@hotmail.com.
C. Language Talents: Takumi is 18. This Japanese boy has mastered several languages such as Japanese, English and Russian. He likes learning about different cultures and listening to music. Do you want to learn languages? His email: ff8_angel19xx@hotmail.com.
D. Traveling around the world: Mary, 18, American. She enjoys art, pop music, and travel. She has been to several countries such as Italy, the UK, Ireland, China, and France, and she is always curious about different cultures. Her email address is bandana4real@hotmail.com.
E. Sports lover: Rodrigo, 22, Australian. He’s a teacher of physical education and a personal trainer. He likes sports very much. He also likes to write books. Contact him at lby4real@yahoo.com.
F. Music-loving girl: Ada, 19, English. She’s a college student. She plays some instruments: the piano, the guitar, and the violin. She plays the piano quite well. She can dance and sing really well in French, Japanese, Romanian, Italian, etc. Her email: si_a91@hotmail.com.
請閱讀以下希望找到理想筆友者的自我介紹，然后根據(jù)他們的要求，匹配他 / 她擬要找的筆友俱樂部成員：
【小題1】I’m Andy, a second-year university student from the U.S. My major is elementary education, so I will become a teacher. In March 2008 I’m going to Japan to study at the Nagasaki College of Foreign Language. I’d like to make friends with someone who can help me with Japanese.
【小題2】My name is Eliza. I’m a very outgoing girl. I love playing the piano. I hope to become a pianist. I also play the guitar. I can sing in several languages. I’m looking for someone who has a lot in common with me.
【小題3】 I’m Anna, and I live in Canada. I speak English, French and Spanish. A lot of things interest me, especially other countries’ cultures, because I would like to see what other people’s lives are like. If you are interested in the same things, let’s become friends.
【小題4】 I’m Emilio Ukabi. I’m a boy of 18 years old, from Nigeria. I want to become an engineer in computer science and my favorite hobby is playing basketball. Really, I love this game. I’d like to be your friend, as long as you are sporty.
【小題5】I am Emiri, a 17-year-old girl from Tokyo, Japan. I want to make friends all over the world! I seek girls or boys around my age who have similar hobbies― listening to American pop music and traveling abroad.
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