19．Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical, and this special chemical,________,affects our brains, making us feel happy.

       A．in turn      B．in particular     C．in advance       D．in short

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010—2011學(xué)年度福建省廈門第一中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)卷 題型：閱讀理解

A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.
Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(對(duì)…的反應(yīng)) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.
Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受傷害的) to certain illnesses.
But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.
The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.
Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”
Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd
(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”
Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).
Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.
【小題1】 A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.

A．people feel happy and energetic in the sun
B．sunshine protects people against heart disease
C．vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy
D．vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process
【小題2】From Brent Richards, we know that _____.
A．sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D
B．the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process
C．vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals
D．the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age
【小題3】What can we infer from the passage?
A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.
B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.
C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.
D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.
【小題4】 What is the best title of the passage?
A．Secret of Staying Young
B．Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing
C．Sunlight and Vitamin D
D．Sunlight and Health

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2011-2012學(xué)年浙江省北侖中學(xué)高一獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金考試英語(yǔ)試題（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Below is some advice on how to prevent cancer:
8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life
1. Eat Blueberries
Aside from being a healthy and delicious snack, blueberries contain pterostilbene, which has important colon（結(jié)腸） cancer-fighting prosperities. But wait, it gets better. Blueberries also offer a large dose of vitamins C (14 milligrams per cup). So at breakfast, try to take in a cup and a half of blueberries in your cereal or yogurt, or mixed with other berries.
2. Drink Pomegranate（石榴）Juice
The deep red juice of the pomegranate contains polyphenols, isoflavones and ellagic acid, which together create a powerful anticancer mixture. Most recently, researchers from the University of Wisconsin at Madison has discovered that 16 ounces of pomegranate juice per day also may inhibit the growth of lung cancer.
3. Relax
Feeling stressed or worried? Find ways to relax and you may reduce your chances of developing cancer. Purdue University researchers tracked 1,600 men over 12 years and found that half of those with high levels of worry died during the study period. Only 20 percent of the optimists died before the study were completed, while 34 percent of the extremely anxious men died of some type of cancer. Instead of stressing about the past or future, focus on the present and relax!
4. Take Selenium（硒）
Selenium is well known for its cancer-fighting properties. In a study of almost 1,000 men, researchers from the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that when men with the lowest initial levels of selenium in their bodies received a daily supplement over a 4 year period, they cut their prostate（前列腺） cancer risk by a remarkable 92 percent. However, it is possible to get too much of a good thing, so monitor your intake of selenium-containing supplements, Brazil nuts, tuna, meats and grains carefully.
5. Eat Sushi（壽司）
Seaweed may not be your idea of a great snack, but it is high in fiber, calcium and iron, and dry, roasted seaweed sheets used in sushi provide the additional benefits of vitamins A and C. Sushi rolls are also high in protein— a typical spicy tuna roll has only 290 calories but packs 24 grams of protein. So don’t skimp（節(jié)省）on the Sushi!
6. Enjoy the Outdoors
Vitamin D causes early death of cancer cells. A study published in the American Journey of Clinical Nutrition reported that women who supplemented their diets with 1,000 international. Units of vitamin D every day had a 60 percent to 77 percent lower incidence of cancer ever a four-year period that did women taking a placebo(無(wú)效對(duì)照劑). Experts recommend supplementing your fun in the sun with 1,100 to 2,000IU of vitamin D each day.
7. Breathe Clean Air
There’s no question that secondhand smoke kills. A recent American Journal of Public Health study showed that nonsmokers working in smoky places had three times the amount of carcinogen（致癌物質(zhì)） in their urine（尿） than nonsmokers working in smoke-free locations. What’s worse, their levels of the carcinogen rose 6 percent for every hour worked. Nine states have banned smoking in all workplaces, bars and restaurants. The message is clear: Do whatever you can to avoid the cloud of smoke.
8. Break a Sweat
Even a small amount of exercise can offer major cancer-fighting benefits. In a study of 29,110 men published in the International Journal of Cancer, men who exercised just once a week had a percent lower risk of metastasis(轉(zhuǎn)移性) prostate cancer than men who didn’t work out at all. The better the frequency, duration and intensity of the exercise, the bigger the reduction in risk, according to the study.
【小題1】To prevent yourself from catching colon cancer, you should eat ____ as often as possible.

A．sushiB．blueberriesC．pomegranatesD．Vitamin D
【小題2】A person is very likely to catch some type of cancer if ______.
A．he is very fond of exercise every day.
B．he is addicted to smoking
C．he is always feeling extremely stressed or worried
D．he likes to have meals in restaurants
【小題3】_____ will remarkably reduce the risk of men’s prostate cancer.
A．Having a daily supplement of selenium
B．Drinking a cup of pomegranate juice every day
C．Breathing fresh air now and then
D．Taking exercise at least once a week
【小題4】If you want to keep cancer away, it is particularly important to ______.
A．have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C
B．try to ignore the secondhand smoking
C．take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possible
D．having exercise as often as possible

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010-2011學(xué)年甘肅省天水市高三第一次模擬英語(yǔ)卷 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical，and this special chemical, ______

  affects our brains，making us feel happy．

  A．in turn          B．in particular         C．in advance         D．in short

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆度福建省高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)題 題型：閱讀理解

A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.

    Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(對(duì)…的反應(yīng)) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.

    Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受傷害的) to certain illnesses.

    But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

    The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.

    Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”

Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd

(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”

    Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).

    Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.

1. A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.

A. people feel happy and energetic in the sun          

B. sunshine protects people against heart disease

C. vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy 

D. vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process

2.From Brent Richards, we know that _____.

    A. sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D

    B. the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process

    C. vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals

    D. the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age

3.What can we infer from the passage?

    A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.

    B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.

    C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.

    D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.

4. What is the best title of the passage?   

A. Secret of Staying Young                  B. Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing

C. Sunlight and Vitamin D                   D. Sunlight and Health

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解

For better eyesight, doctors advise limiting the hours of screen time and encourage having enough eye resting time.
However, another study shows that sitting in front of computer or TV screens for long hours is not the only reason for myopia（近視）. An Australian research team studied young children in Sydney and Singapore to find the reasons for myopia.
The research team found that the prevalence（流行）of myopia among children in Sydney was lower than children in Singapore, even though they spent more time in front of computer and TV screens. The major finding is that children in Sydney spend longer hours on outdoor activities than those in Singapore.
Indoor and outdoor sports activities both make the eyes focus on more distant objects, which prevents the eyes from changing shape. But outdoor activities may better help avoid myopia than indoor sports activities.
Jane Gwiazda, who does research in sight problems, says: “Natural light is good for eye growth. And extra vitamin D from the sun might contribute to eye growth.”
Many doctors suggest that every child get its first eye test done when he/she is about two and half years old, and even if his/her sight seems perfect.
It is necessary for myopic children to wear glasses to prevent headaches, trouble reading or injuries. It is also important that schools invite doctors to test their students’ eyes.
If that is not possible, school teachers should at least encourage parents and children to have regular eye examinations and wear glasses. And parents should remember not only to limit the total screen time for their children, but also to encourage them to spend time outdoors.

  1. 1.

    What’s the aim of the study by the Australian research team ?

    1. A.
      To find the reasons for myopia.
    2. B.
      To find the ways to treat myopia.
    3. C.
      To prove the bad effects of myopia.
    4. D.
      To prove the prevalence of myopia.
  2. 2.

    Why are there fewer children with myopia in Sydney than in Singapore ?

    1. A.
      Because Sydney children watch less TV.
    2. B.
      Because Sydney children have more eye resting time.
    3. C.
      Because Sydney children use computers less.
    4. D.
      Because Sydney children do more outdoor sports.
  3. 3.

    What conclusion can we draw from the passage ?

    1. A.
      Sydney children don’t study hard.
    2. B.
      Singapore children do few exercises.
    3. C.
      Outdoor activities do more good to eyes.
    4. D.
      Room light does harm to children’s eyes.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements is TRUE ?

    1. A.
      Children should have eye tests as soon as they reach school age.
    2. B.
      Doing outdoor activities with no glasses is good for myopia children.
    3. C.
      Focusing on distant objects can help the eyes keep their original shape.
    4. D.
      Children should limit their time in the sun in order to protect their eyes.

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