16.People who are slightly overweight or mildly obese(肥胖的) have a lower risk of early death than normal weight individuals(個人;個體),according to a new analysis of nearly 100international studies.
The studies,most conducted within the past decade,included about three million adults from around the world.The result of these studies by researchers at the National Center for Health Statistics in Maryland,part of the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,shows that slightly overweight or obese people were six percent less likely to die from all causes compared to people of normal weight.But the researchers found that seriously obese individuals were still at a 30percent greater risk of death compared to healthy-weight individuals.
Study lead author Katherine Flegal says she was not surprised that overweight people would not have a higher death risk."Because we'd actually already read a lot of this literature and realized that death rates for overweight would be at least not higher than normal[weight,"she said."I guess l was a little bit surprised that it was definitely lower.And l was also surprised that the lower rates of obesity didn't seem to differ from normal weight."But Flegal stresses the difference in death rates appear to be small between normal-weight people and overweight and mildly obese individuals.
The finding by Flegal and colleagues have raised new questions about the reliability(可靠性)of the so-called"body mass index"or BMI,a measurement of body fat as a ratio(比例,比率)of height to weight,that has become popular in recent years among public health experts to measure potential health risks.
But Heymsfield warns that individuals should not conclude that it's okay to put on extra kilograms,since being at a healthy weight lowers the risk for heart disease and diabetes.
13.Katherine Flegal feels surprised at the fact thatB.
A.obese people have higher death rates
B.slightly obese people have lower death rates
C.obese people tend to die early
D.death rates have nothing to do with body weight
14.What do we learn from the fifth paragraph?A
A.BMI may not be so reliable.
B.The study provides further evidence for BMI.
C.BMI tells nothing about potential health risks.
D.BMI has been much questioned recently.
15.What topic does the passage mainly deal with?C
A.Technology.
B.Dieting.
C.Health.
D.Death.
分析 一項新的醫(yī)學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),身體微胖的人夭折的可能性比正常體重的人還要低,這一結(jié)果令我們都很吃驚.那么人的體重和死亡以及健康有著什么樣的聯(lián)系呢?
解答 13.B 細節(jié)理解題.從文章shows that slightly overweight or obese people were six percent less likely to die from all causes compared to people of normal weight.可知,令Katherine Flegal感到吃驚的是,身體微胖的人夭折的可能性比正常體重的人還要低,故選B項.
14.A 推理判斷題.分析文章第五段The finding by Flegal and colleagues have raised new questions about the reliability(可靠性)of the so-called"body mass index"or BMI,a measurement of body fat as a ratio(比例,比率)of height to weight,that has become popular in recent years among public health experts to measure potential health risks.可知,因為這個研究結(jié)果,人們對BMI的可靠性產(chǎn)生了懷疑,由此推斷,BMI也許不完全可靠.
15.C 主旨大意題.綜合全文內(nèi)容可知,本文主要通過一項研究結(jié)果分析了體重與死亡率以及患病率之間的關(guān)系,故本文的主題應(yīng)該是"健康".
點評 閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論,對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準確把握作者觀點.