Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回憶錄）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（獨立的）spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目標）that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?
A. Top managers.            B. Language learners.
C. Serious educators.               D. Science organizations.
69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.
A. attracted to teaching       B. tired of teaching
C. satisfied with teaching            D. unhappy about teaching
70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?
A. The University of Chicago.      B. Stanford University.
C. Ohio State University.           D. Nebraska University.
71. Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ____________.
A. he developed a new method of testing      B. he called for free spirit in research
C. he was still active in giving advice                 D. he still led the Eight-Year Study
68. C 69. A 70. B 71. C

68. 解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir of Ralph W.Tyler,”得知關心學校和大學教育的人會對Tyler的回憶錄感興趣。
69. 解析:這是一道詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“...Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.”可知他原來的專業(yè)是藥學,在South Dakota 做科學教師時被吸引到教育行業(yè)。
70. 解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford,a position he held for fourteen years”可以推斷出他在Stanford University領導研究工作長達十年以上。
71. 解析:這是一道推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives...”可以推斷出他退休后還在指導其他教師,所以說他沒有真正退休。
練習冊系列答案
相關習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


“The pen is more powerful than the sword(劍).” There have been many writers who used their pens to fight things that were wrong. Mrs Harriet Beecher Stowe was one of them. She was born in the U.S.A. in 1811.One of her books not only made her famous but has been described as one that excited the world, and was helpful in causing a civil war and freeing the enslaved race. The civil war was the American Civil War of 1861,in which the Northern States fought the Southern States and finally won.
This book that shook the world was called Uncle Tom’s Cabin. There was a time when every English-speaking man, woman, and child has read this novel that did so much to stop slavery. Not many people read it today, but it is still very interesting. The book has shown us how a warm-hearted writer can arouse(喚起) people’s sympathies. The author herself had neither been to the Southern States nor been a slave. The Southern Americans were very angry at the book, which they said did not at all represent true state of affairs, but the Northern Americans were wildly excited over it and were so inspired by it that they were ready to go to war to set the slaves free.
41．According to the passage______.
A．every English-speaking person has read Uncle Tom's Cabin
B．Uncle Tom's Cabin was not very interesting
C．those who don't speak English cannot have read Uncle Tom's Cabin
D．the book Uncle Tom's Cabin did a great deal in the American Civil War
42．How old was Mrs Harriet Beecher Stowe when her world famous book was published?
A．About sixty years old.    B．Over fifty years old.
C．In her forties.           D．Around twenty years old. 43.What do you learn about Mrs Harriet Beecher Stowe from the passage?        
A．She had been living in the north of America before the American Civil War 
broke out.
B．She herself encouraged the Northern Americans to go to war to set the slaves free.
C．She was better as writing as swinging(揮舞)a sword.
D．She had once been a slave.
44．What can we learn from the passage?　　
A．We needn’t use weapons to fight things that are wrong.
B．A writer is more helpful in a war than a soldier.
C．We must understand the importance of literature and art.  
D．No war can be won without such a book as Uncle Tom's Cabin .

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2007年普通高等學校夏季招生考試英語（江蘇卷）)E
Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mom was one of those people.
My father died when I was nine months old, making my mom a single mother at the age of eighteen. While I was growing up, we lived a very hard life. We had little money, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Each night, she sat me on her lap and spoke the words that would change my life, “Kemmons, you are certain to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.”
At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again. Every day, my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me that no matter what those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to badly enough. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later I returned to school-walking on my own!
When the Great Depression(大蕭條)hit, my mom lost her job. Then I left school to support the both of us. At that moment, I was determined never to be poor again.
Over the years, I experienced various levels of business success. But the real turning point occurred on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951.I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was angry that they charged an extra$2 for each child. That was too expensive for the average American family. I told my wife that I was going to open a motel (汽車旅館)for families that would never charge extra for children. There were plenty of doubters at that time.
Not surprisingly, mom was one of my strongest supporters. She worked behind the desk and even designed the room style. As in any business, we experienced a lot of challenges. But with my mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul, I never doubted we would succeed. Fifteen years later, we had the largest hotel system in the word-Holiday Inn. In 1979 my company had 1,759 inns in more than fifty countries with an in income of $ 1 billion a year.
You may not have started out life in the best situations. But if you can find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.
71.What Kemmons’mom often told him during his childhood was_______.
A.caring   B.moving   C.encouraging   D.interesting
72.According to the author, who played the most important role in making him walk back to school again?
A.Doctors.    B.Nurses.        C.Friends.    D.Mom.
73.What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself?
A. His terrible experience in the hotel.
B. His previous business success of various levels.
C. His mom’s support.
D. His wife’s suggestion.
74.Which of the following best describes Kemmons’mother?
A. Modest ,helpful and hard-working.     B. Loving, supportive and strong-willed.
C. Careful, helpful and beautiful.     D.Strict, sensitive and supportive.
75.Which of the following led to Kemmons’ success according to the passage?
A. Self-confidence, had work, higher education and a poor family
B. Mom’s encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work.
C. Clear goals, mom’s encouragement, a poor family and higher education.
D. Mom’s encouragement, a poor family, higher education and opportunities.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“Keep an eye on Esther. I’ll be back in a second,” Joy Warren said to her three-year-old son Stephen, who was sitting in the back of the Buick. She didn’t like leaving the children alone in the car, but the baby was sleeping soundly. And it would only be a moment.
She had hardly walked 40 yards when she saw the car moving. It headed straight towards the river. Unable to swim, Joy shouted, “My babies are in that car!”
Daniel Whitehead, a 17-year-old student, was walking by the river when the Buick crashed into the water just yards ahead .Without thinking, Daniel jumped in. Though a competitive swimmer, he was shocked by the icy chill.  
Two minutes earlier, Skip Womack had pulled to a halt as the Buick ran in front of him. Now seeing it hit the water and hearing Joy’s cries, Skip got out of his truck and jumped into the water. He had only one thought: If I don’t get them out, they’ll drown.
Daniel reached the car and grabbed a door handle. But the water was only four inches beneath the window, and the door wouldn’t open. With one powerful punch, Daniel and Skip broke a window. Daniel reached inside and lifted Stephen out. He placed him on his back and set out for shore. At the same time, Skip squeezed himself through the window .He managed to free Esther from beneath her seat belt. After he got out of the car with the baby, he held her over the water and swam toward the shore. All this took place just seconds before the Buick disappeared beneath the water.
Later, driving home, Skip thought of his wife and children—how close he’d come to leaving them behind. He thought of the miracle he’d lived through, and how two children were still alive because he and Daniel happened to be in the right place at the right time.
小題1:Why did Joy leave her children in the car?
A．He did not like shopping with a child in hand.
B．She didn’t like waking up her baby.
C．Stephen was big enough to take care of his sister.
D．It was icy cold outside.
小題2:Daniel and Skip, who saved the lives of the two kids, _____.
A．had been good friends
B．were two close friends of Joy Warren’s
C．were Joy Warren’s neighbors
D．were strangers before the accident
小題3:How did Daniel get Stephen out of danger?
A．He squeezed into the car and carried him out.
B．He pulled him out through the broken window.
C．He freed him from his seatbelt before he got him out.
D．He held him over the water and swam back to shore.
小題4:What happened to Joy Warren’s Buick?
A．It had four inches of water in it.
B．One of its windows could not be opened.
C．It was pulled out of water and set on the shore.
D．It sank to the bottom of the river.
小題5:How did Skip feel in his way home?
A．He felt lucky to be still alive after having saved the lives of two kids.
B．He missed his wife and children, whom he left behind in the morning.
C．He felt very thankful to Daniel, without whom he would not have made it.
D．He wondered how he and Daniel could be in the right place at the right time.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Long ago, in days of the Roman Empire, people used to believe a god of farmings called “Saturn”. They believed that Saturn could make the weather good or bad, and that he had the power to control how much rain would fall.
Before a Roman farmer would plant his fields, he would try to get Saturn to give him good weather. He believed that if he killed an animal for Saturn, that would make Saturn happy. Then Saturn would make sure that the weather was good.
Not only did the people name a planet after Saturn but they also name a day of the week after him. They called this day “Saturni dies”, Latin words which mean “day of Saturn”. In English those words became Saturday.
6. What was Saturn believed to be in charge of?
A. Rainfall.    B. The power of nature.   C. Farming.    D. Days in a week.
7. Why did a Roman farmer kill an animal before planting his fields?
Because      .
A. killing an animal would bring him good luck
B. Saturn enjoyed eating animals
C. Saturn was happy to see animals being killed
D. he wanted to please Saturn so that Saturn would make the weather good for his planting
8. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Saturn is also the name of planet.
B. The Roman people used to believe Saturn to be their god.
C. Saturn was named for the last day of the week.
D. Saturn had three meanings.
9. What’s the aim of the author in writing this passage?
A. How the Romans worshipped (崇拜) Saturn.
B. Why the Romans believed in Saturn.
C. The different meanings of the word Saturn.
D. How Saturday got its name.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When Babbage was working at Cambridge, a new idea occurred to him. He wanted to construct a calculating machine to work out the solutions（解法）to maths problems not only with correctness but also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind. His machine could solve problems involving（涉及）long rows of figures in one continuous operation（運算）.
In 1822 Babbage exhibited his invention and won a prize from the government. After that, he immediately started to work on a larger machine designed to solve more difficult problems. Although he received some money left by his father, the money was not enough to support his design. He wrote to the government about his plan and was given ￡2500 to start with, a sum worth much more in those days than it is now.
Babbage continued his work in London for four years. Then his health broke down, and he had to take a long holiday abroad. When he returned to London in 1828, he was at the end of his resources. Many bills remained unpaid. His chief assistant and co-workers quarreled with him and left with many expensive tools. For one year no work was done. During this period, Babbage, whose mind was always active, suddenly thought of a completely new idea for the machine. He rushed to meet the government officials to explain his new idea. But this time, they were unwilling to help him. For eight years, they refused to say whether they wanted the machine or not, and their final answer was “No.”
From 1828 to 1839, Babbage held the position of professor at Cambridge very successfully. But his greatest work was the unfinished calculating machine which stood covered in dust in his house. It was the beginning of the modern computer.
60．The machine Babbage designed would solve difficult maths problems _________.
A．in one operation with few mistakes
B．in more than one operation without any mistakes
C．in more than one operation with slight mistakes
D．in one operation without any mistakes
61．Babbage failed to continue his research work in 1828 mainly because _______.
A．he was in poor health                B．he almost ran out of money
C．his co-workers argued with him         D．he spent all his money on his bills
62．Babage explained his new idea to the government officials, expecting that _________.
A．they would agree to his plan             B．they would pay for his new idea
C．they would support him with money    D．they would exhibit his new design
63．From the passage, we can infer that __________.
A．Babbage failed to be a famous scientist at Cambridge
B．Babbage always had new ideas but gave them up easily
C．Babbage always needed support from the government officials
D．Babbage was the first designer of the modern computer

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


For Lee Ann Laraway, polio(腦灰質(zhì)炎) has made almost everything in life just out of reach. But what her hands can't retrieve, her assistant can. Meet Jeannie, a three-year-old help, has become Lee Ann's arms and legs.
Jeannie understands no fewer than 72 commands. To get a feel for what that means, Lee Ann takes us on a shopping trip in San Jose. First stop: The bank, where she got cash from the teller. From the bank, it's on to the drug store, where Jeannie got a candy bar for Lee Ann. Then Jeannie helped pay the cashier, and got change hack.
"When you have a really good working animal, they come and interact with you all the time," Lee Ann said. While there's no argument that Jeannie is an ordinary animal, she wasn't born that way. She was tutored and trained here at a facility that has become the final legacy of one of the Bay Area's most beloved figures.
Canine Companions for Independence sits on twelve acres of land in Santa Rosa donated by late Peanuts cartoonist Charles Shultz, Here, handlers work with specially selected labs for hours a day— but not every dog will make the cut.
The work is serious Business. In the case of hearing dogs, the animals alert their disabled owners to everything from ringing telephones to doorbells.
Other dogs will work with severely disabled patients like eight-year-old Noah Habib of Mountain View who communicates with a special computer. "I like it when new people come up to ask me about my dog," he says. "People are really interested in the dog and will come over and ask to pet her and ask to play with her, and ask about what she does, and these are people that normally might not approach us and want to talk to Noah," says his Dad.
And back in San Jose Lee Ann is arriving home with Jeannie and her groceries. With just one chore left—opening her own door. "You can train a dog to do a lot of things," said Lee Ann. "You cannot give them the heart to do the job, and that is what a good working dog has."
小題1:Lee Ann's dog Jeannie cannot ______.
A．get cash at the bankB．pay a cashier for her
C．take on a telephone for herD．open the door
小題2:Canine Companions for Independence is a place for ______.
A．severely disabled children to have practice
B．people to donate money or legacy
C．ordinary dogs to be coached
D．people to learn business
小題3:Which of the following can replace the phrase "make the cut" (Line 3, Para 4)?
A．become a good working dogB．hurt the coach
C．become a helpful starD．hurt itself
小題4:According to Lee Ann, you cannot train an ordinary dog ______.
A．to put things on people's lapsB．to always interact with its owner
C．to alert deaf peopleD．to love working

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解: 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。
It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes More often the doctors can’t fix the damage Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys’ blood back to the monkeys’ brains. When the brain’s temperature was 10℃, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
1. The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that_____.
A. the time is too short for doctors     
B. the patients are often too nervous
C. the damage is extremely hard to fix
D. the blood-cooling machine might break down w*w
2. The brain operation was made possible mainly by        .
A. taking the blood out of the brain         B. trying the operation on monkeys first
C. having the blood go through a machine      D. lowering the brain’s temperature
3. With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain        .
A. can last as long as 30 minutes    B. can keep the brain’s blood warm
C. can keep the patient’s brain healthy  D. can help monkeys do different jobs
4. What is the right order of the steps in the operations?
A. send the cooled back to the brain       B. stop the blood to the brain
C. have the blood cooled down        D. operate on the brain
A. a, b, c, d       B. c, a, b, d       C. c, b, d, a       D. b, c, d, a
5. Which of the following is not true?
A. If there isn’t enough blood, the brain can live for only three to five minutes.
B. If the brain is very cold, it can live without blood for half an hour.
C. Dr. White tried his idea for thirteen times.
D. After their operations, the monkeys were healthy and busy again

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The following are the sculptures in the Underwater Museum, which are accessible in person by glass boat, or scuba diving.  

The Archive of Lost Dreams
The Visual: It describes an underwater archive of messages in bottles.
The Meaning: The bottles contain messages of dreams for future generations.
The Hope: The statue is placed with the purpose of helping draw visitors away from the healthy parts of the reef.
The Location: The Archive of Lost Dreams was placed 8 meters deep at Manchones Reef, close to Isla Mujeres.
Behind the Scenes: The collection of bottled messages were provided by various communities who wrote about today’s values and their dreams for the future generations.

The Gardener of Hope
The Visual: Here a young Mexican girl lies in a garden surrounded by pots which will be grown with live coral.
The Meaning: The young girl in the sculpture represents a model for hopeful future generations.
The Hope: The base of the Gardener of Hope was built to attract various marine creatures. The coral in the pots is also expected to grow.
The Location: The Gardener of Hope was placed 4 meters deep at Punta Nizuc near the coast of Cancun.
Behind the Scenes: The pots here are filled with live coral cuttings that were saved from areas of the local reef system.

Man on Fire 
The Visual: Man on Fire describes a lone male figure covered in live fire coral to resemble fire.
The Meaning: The sculpture symbolizes the unawareness of the “fire” our generation has started with the over use of limited natural resources.
The Hope: Man on Fire has 75 holes planted with small live cuttings of fire coral which are expected to grow like fire.
The Location: Man on Fire was installed 8 meters deep at the Manchones Reef nearby to Isla Mujeres.
Behind the Scenes: The sculpture was cast from a local Mexican fisherman and it weighs over 1 ton.

The Silent Evolution
The Visual: Here more than 400 sculptures depict the timeline of human nature.
The Meaning: It is a documentation of how society and people have changed over time. It is also to remind us of how we are connected to nature.
The Hope: The installation is designed for forming a complex reef structure that marine life will claim as its own and inhabit.
The Location: The Silent Evolution will be installed 8 meters deep behind the Manchones Reef.
Behind the Scenes: The total installation will expand over 150 square meters and will weigh over 120 tons.
Attention:  Guided tours are a must. You can catch a tour from Aquaworld, which leaves every hour from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. daily. 
小題1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．You can tour individually without a tourist guide by glass boat.
B．The Gardener of Hope will remind us of the relationship with nature.
C．Bottled messages are filled with live coral cuttings for future generations.
D．Man on Fire can educate us to protect the limited natural resources.
小題2:Which sculptures are installed in the same area?
A．Man on Fire & The Silent Evolution
B．The Archive of Lost Dreams & Man on Fire
C．The Gardener of Hope & The Silent Evolution
D．The Archive of Lost Dreams & The Gardener of Hope
小題3:The writer introduces the sculptures to _______.
A．defend Mexican Tourism Industry
B．call on us to go on a tour to Aquaworld
C．a(chǎn)ppeal to readers to protect Marine Life
D．a(chǎn)ttract tourists to the Underwater Museum

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案