7．The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately merciful reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination．Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon，its prevention，or its effective management，much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense．
There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend．It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients，colleagues，and government．
The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin．There are familial （家庭的），religious，and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school．For example，countries，cultures，and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are very normal．There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is common； there are homes which cultivate young people with high standards of moral behaviour and others which leave moral training to the harmful influence of television and the market place．
Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society．The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour．Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for cultivating future doctors with moral sensitivity．Unfortunately there are troubling data that suggest that during medical school the moral behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve； indeed，moral development may actually stop or even regress （倒退）．
It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour．Medical schools must do something to make sure that their students are expected to be clear from day one．The development of a school's culture of moral behaviour requires cooperation with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and developing．Moreover，the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be fair．Finally，the treatment of infractions （違規(guī)） must be firm，fair，transparent （透明的）．
63．What does the author say about cheating in medical schools？D
A．Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon．
B．We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is possible．
C．We know that this phenomenon exists in every medical school．
D．We still need more reliable data to know how serious it is．
64．According to the author，it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools becauseA．
A．The medical profession is based on trust
B．There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine
C．The medical profession depends on the government
D．Cheating exists extensively in medical schools
65．Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with？C
A．Medical schools should make a less competitive environment for students．
B．Outstanding people should create a set of moral standards to be followed．
C．Medical students should be positive in creating and preserving moral behavior．
D．We don't know the cause-and-effect of the examination cheating in medical school．
66．Which of the following can be implied from the passage？B
A．It makes little sense to talk about medical school student cheating in exams．
B．Medical schools haven't been doing well to help students develop morally．
C．Cheating in exams is tolerable outside of medical school circle．
D．Elimination of exams helps cultivate healthier characters of medical school students．
分析 文章講述了在醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)生出現(xiàn)作弊的現(xiàn)象引發(fā)的思考，即在醫(yī)學(xué)院要加強(qiáng)道德教育．
解答 63．D 64．A 65．C 66．B
63．D 細(xì)節(jié)推理．根據(jù)第一段Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon，its prevention，or its effective management，much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense得知，雖然我們沒有足夠可靠的數(shù)據(jù)，但是根據(jù)常識(shí)還是可以的出一些結(jié)論，言下之意我們需要更多充足的數(shù)據(jù)，故答案為D．
64．A 細(xì)節(jié)題．在第二段開頭There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust 普遍認(rèn)為對(duì)待醫(yī)學(xué)作弊采取零容忍態(tài)度，因?yàn)樗⒃谛湃位A(chǔ)上，故答案為A．
65．C 推理題．根據(jù)The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour applicants with positive moral behaviour得知，對(duì)于醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)生的選拔要傾向于那些道德行為正面積極的學(xué)生，故答案為C．
66．B 推理題．根據(jù)indeed，moral development may actually stop or even regress （倒退）．以及最后一段It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example on moral behaviour推出，實(shí)際上，在醫(yī)學(xué)院道德問題出現(xiàn)倒退，很多醫(yī)學(xué)院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)應(yīng)該樹立好道德的榜樣，所以推出很多醫(yī)學(xué)院其實(shí)在道德教育方面做的不 好，故答案為B．
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