15.The surprising experiment I am about to describe proves that air is all around you and that it presses down upon you.Air pressure is a powerful force.When you swim underwater,you can feel water pushing on your body.The air all around you does the same.However,your body is so used to it that you do not notice this.The pressure is caused by a layer of air called the atmosphere.This layer surrounds the Earth,extending to about five kilometers above the Earth's surface.
The following experiment is an easy one that you can do at home.But make sure that you are supervised,because you will need to use matches.Now for the experiment!
What you need
●A hard-boiled egg without the shell
●A bottle with a neck slightly smaller than the egg
●A piece of paper
●A match
Method
Check that the egg will sit firmly on the neck of the bottle.
Tear the paper into strips and put the strips into the bottle.
Light the paper by dropping a burning match into the bottle.
Quickly sit the egg on the neck of the bottle.
Result
Astonishingly,the egg will be sucked into the bottle.Your friends will be amazed when you show them the experiment.But be careful when you handle matches.
Why it happened
As the paper burns,it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen(air) in the bottle.The egg acts as a seal in the neck of the bottle,so no more air can get inside.This reduces the air pressure inside the bottle.The air pressure must equalize,so more air from outside must enter the bottle.The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle!This proves that air is all around and that it is pressing down on us.
28.The experiment is carried out to proveB.
A.water pushes on your body when you swim underwater
B.the pressure of air around us has a powerful force
C.the earth is surrounded by a layer of air called the atmosphere
D.the air pressure is not equalized around us
29.Why is there the need to take care when you are doing the experiment?D
A.The bottle could break.
B.The egg has to be perfectly placed on the neck of the bottle.
C.The egg needs to be shelled.
D.You need to light the paper with a match.
30.In the experiment,the burning inside the bottle canA.
A.finish up the oxygen inside the bottle
B.make a seal in the neck of the bottle
C.equalize the air pressure inside and outside
D.Produce more oxygen inside the bottle
31.How did the egg get into the bottle?C
A.The oxygen inside the bottle sucked the egg in.
B.It became soft without the shell.
C.The outside air pressure forced it into the bottle.
D.The neck of the bottle was wide enough.
分析 本文屬于廣告類閱讀,作者通過這篇文章向我們介紹了一個實驗,這個實驗向我們證明我們周圍有空氣,而且空氣的壓強很大.
解答 28.B 推理判斷題.根據(jù)最后一段The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle可知空氣的壓力很大,故選B.
29.D 細節(jié)理解題.從Result下面的But be careful when you handle matches可知做實驗是我么需要用火柴點燃紙,因此需要小心,故選D.
30.A 細節(jié)理解題,從Why it happened下面的As the paper burns,it needs oxygen and uses up the oxygen (air)in the bottle可以判斷瓶子內(nèi)部的氧氣被消耗殆盡.故選A.
31.C 細節(jié)理解題.從Why it happened下面的The outside air presses against the egg and then the egg is pushed into the bottle!可知雞蛋是被外界的壓強壓入瓶子中的,故選C.
點評 考查學(xué)生的細節(jié)理解和推理判斷能力.做細節(jié)理解題時一定要找到文章中的原句,和題干進行比較,再做出正確選擇.在做推理判斷題時不要以個人的主觀想象代替文章的事實,要根據(jù)文章事實進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷.