Question

【題目】 The Mogao Caves of Dunhuang, a treasure house of art of China, has been spanning over 1,000 years. The art inside here covers more than ten major genres, such as architecture, stucco sculpture, wall paintings, silk paintings, calligraphy woodblock printing, embroidery, literature, music and dance, and popular entertainment. But all these only existed because of one man’s vision.

In 366 A.D., a monk named Le Zun looked across the river at dawn and saw a thousand Buddhas appear on the golden cliff face of Mingsha mountain along the old Silk Road. The caves were then built by monks and mostly sponsored by people such as wealthy merchants, foreign dignitaries, as well as Chinese emperors.

But when trade in the Silk Road stopped, Dunhuang was soon forgotten and eventually, the Mogao caves were abandoned. The site however was still used as a place of worship by the local people of the 20th century when there was renewed awareness in its presence once more.

Most of the discoveries came from a Chinese Taoist monk named Wang Yuanlu who appointed himself as the guardian. The caves at that time were badly ignored, but Monk Wang recognized their value and instituted a program of restoration, funded by whatever donations he could gather.

He then made one of the great discoveries in Chinese archaeology: an amazing cache, of over 50,000 documents and paintings, which had been hidden in Mogao Cave #17. The cave #17 came to be known as the Library Cave, which was walled up sometime early in the 11th century. A number of theories have been proposed as the reason for sealing the cave. One theory was that the cave had become a waste storeroom for precious, damaged and used documents and holy equipment and then sealed perhaps when the place came under threat. Another suggestion is that the cave was simply used as a book storehouse for documents which accumulated over a century and a half, then sealed up when it became full. Others suggested that the monks hurriedly hid the documents in advance of an attack by invaders.

【1】What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A.The legend of Mogao Caves.B.The end of the old Silk Road.

C.The discovery of Mogao Caves.D.The development of the Silk Road.

【2】What did Wang Yuanlu do to restore the caves?

A.He evaluated their value.B.He raised donations in different ways.

C.He sent guards to protect them.D.He persuaded government to do repairs.

【3】What does “walled up” in the last paragraph mean?

A.Sealed.B.Built.

C.Hidden.D.Discovered.

【4】Why is Mogao Cave #17 considered a great discovery?

A.It used to be a library for monks.B.It stored valuable historical materials.

C.It had a history of over 1000 years.D.It was deserted for mysterious reasons.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】A

【4】B

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了敦煌莫高窟是中國(guó)的藝術(shù)寶庫(kù)，已有一千多年的歷史。這里的藝術(shù)門(mén)類(lèi)主要有建筑、灰泥雕塑、壁畫(huà)、絹畫(huà)、書(shū)法木刻、刺繡、文學(xué)、音樂(lè)舞蹈、大眾娛樂(lè)等十余種。文章說(shuō)明了莫高窟的建造過(guò)程，以及莫高窟17號(hào)這項(xiàng)偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)。

【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句But all these only existed because of one man’s vision.可知但這一切都是因一人的幻覺(jué)才有的。以及第二段第一句In 366 A.D., a monk named Le Zun looked across the river at dawn and saw a thousand Buddhas appear on the golden cliff face of Mingsha mountain along the old Silk Road.可知公元366年，一個(gè)叫Le Zun的和尚拂曉過(guò)河，看見(jiàn)千佛像出現(xiàn)在舊絲綢之路明沙山的金崖面上。后文描述了這些洞穴的情況，由此可知，第二段主要講了莫高窟的傳說(shuō)。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中The caves at that time were badly ignored, but Monk Wang recognized their value and instituted a program of restoration, funded by whatever donations he could gather.可知當(dāng)時(shí)的洞穴被嚴(yán)重忽視，但是王和尚認(rèn)識(shí)到了它們的價(jià)值，并制定了一個(gè)修復(fù)計(jì)劃，由他可以籌集到的任何捐款資助。由此可知，王元祿以不同的方式籌集捐款，從而來(lái)修復(fù)這些洞穴。故選B。

【3】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文A number of theories have been proposed as the reason for sealing the cave.可知17號(hào)洞穴后來(lái)被稱(chēng)為圖書(shū)館洞穴，它在11世紀(jì)早期的某個(gè)時(shí)候被密封起來(lái)。人們提出了許多理論來(lái)解釋封洞的原因。故“walled up”意思為“堵塞，密封”。故選A。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中One theory was that the cave had become a waste storeroom for precious, damaged and used documents and holy equipment and then sealed perhaps when the place came under threat.可知有一種說(shuō)法是，這個(gè)洞穴變成了一個(gè)廢棄的儲(chǔ)藏室，存放著珍貴的、損壞的、用過(guò)的文件和神圣的設(shè)備，當(dāng)這個(gè)地方受到威脅時(shí)，可能就會(huì)被封起來(lái)。由此可知，莫高窟17號(hào)被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)是因?yàn)樗鼉?chǔ)存了珍貴的歷史資料。故選B。